As the universe expanded, it cooled down. The elementary particles jiggled around more slowly. The amount of information required to describe their jiggles stayed almost the same, though, increasing gradually over time. It might seem that slower jiggles would require fewer bits to describe, and it’s true that fewer bits were required to describe their velocities. But, at the same time, the amount of space in which they were jiggling was increasing, requiring more bits to describe their positions. Thus, the total amount of information remained constant or increased in accordance with the second
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