Things get interesting when what Kuhn called a ‘paradigm shift’ happens. A paradigm shift is when a whole way of understanding is overturned. This can happen when scientists find things that don't fit in with the existing paradigm – such as observations that didn't make sense within the paradigm that the sun goes round the earth. But even then it can take a long time for people to abandon their old ways of thinking. Scientists who have spent their lives working within one paradigm don't usually welcome a different way of looking at the world. When they do eventually switch to a new paradigm, a
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