He has witnessed enormous change in the workplace over the course of his career, few more significant than the empowerment of individuals within the corporation. The gradual blurring of rigid lines of command, with managers and their subordinates working on a more equal footing, "encourages self-reliance and resiliency," he says. Today, employees are expected to exercise initiative; they seldom wait passively for marching orders from headquarters. There simply isn't time for old-style, hierarchical patterns of decision making.
