But the whole idea of IQ is controversial. For one thing, white Americans tend to have higher IQ scores, on average, than African Americans. But if you control for family income, most of those differences disappear.[*5] Similar problems pop up in tests like the SAT, where your score determines whether you have a shot at a top U.S. school; the differences in results here also largely go away if you control for family income. That implies that the way test questions are asked gives people with certain backgrounds greater advantages. It also implies that the way children are raised shapes their
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