In some situations, we can expect enormous change in a short time with specific interventions. For example, I recently worked with a VP who had a horrible track record with direct reports. What I found was that he simply had never been taught how to talk to people in difficult conversations, and with a few months of coaching, he had turned around some key relationships. But in other kinds of situations, especially where long-standing personality issues are involved, change is a process. So, to have hope, you must have patience with people making significant changes.