One theory is that part of the reason Taiwan has succeeded where China has failed is that it simply struck it lucky with its timing; back in the 1960s and 1970s when it sent many of its graduates to university in the US, they ended up studying engineering and working at companies like Intel and Texas Instruments. They brought that technical knowledge back to Taiwan. But by the time China opened up and began sending students to the US in the 1990s and 2000s, the American tech industry had changed. The companies in ascendancy were software firms like Microsoft, Amazon and Google. That generation
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