Florence’s feminist views were closely tied to her other passion, spiritualism. Spiritualists believed that the emancipation of women would harmonize the social sphere. They divided the world between the Father-God and Mother-Nature and thought the mingling of these two principles would remove the damage done by individualism. Man would lose his aggressive compulsions, and woman would become more rational and masculine. None of this appealed to Hadley. During the period of her mother and sister’s intense involvement with feminism, Hadley’s isolation in the family deepened.

