Alizamin  Jafarli

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Even the chips that bear Apple’s name—the A16 Bionic was the latest iPhone chip at the time of writing—are in fact manufactured by another company altogether, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company or, as it’s better known, TSMC. That company in turn was only able to make the chip with the help of machines made by another, even more obscure company, ASML. And at the heart of ASML’s machines are critical components made by other companies, some of which will be familiar (the lenses are made by Zeiss, with glass from Schott) and some less so (the lasers are made by another German company, ...more
Material World: The Six Raw Materials That Shape Modern Civilization
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