He gave a difficult thirty-minute test (a section of the SAT verbal exam) to groups of white and black students in spare classrooms. For those groups in which he wanted black students to experience the pressure of the racial stereotype, he did as Josh and I had done; he simply said the test was a test of verbal ability. Remember, this minimal statement reminds blacks that this is a test on which their performance could confirm the standing stereotype about their group’s intellectual ability.

