Does this sound like anthropomorphism? Am I projecting onto chickens traits that belong to humans alone? How can it be that birds—a lineage that separated from that of the mammals more than 300 million years ago—are as individual as people? How can these birds share with us intelligence, reasoning, foresight, memory—and in other ways slavishly obey blind instinct? Can creatures more closely related to lizards and crocodiles than to people actually have culture?