Benny Lewis's Blog, page 35

10 Ways to Say “Goodbye” in French

Here is a quick list of common ways to say “goodbye” in French:

au revoir – “goodbye”salut – “bye”à bientôt – “see you soon”à demain – “see you tomorrow”adieu – “farewell”au revoir, mon ami – “goodbye, my friend”

If you’re not in a rush and you’re asking yourself one of the following questions:

What does au revoir exactly mean?Do French people use foreign words to say goodbye?How do you say “see you next time” in French?How do you say goodbye until a fixed date?

… Keep reading this post! You’ll become a master at saying goodbye in French.

Learning to say goodbye is one of the first things you should do when learning a new language. French greetings and goodbyes will be words you use on a daily basis in the language, after all.

Let’s get started!

How to Say “Goodbye” in French: Au Revoir

How do you say “goodbye” in French?

If you’ve taken French classes at some point in your life, you’ve probably heard that “goodbye” is au revoir in French. It’s the most common way to say “goodbye” in French.

But what does au revoir mean, exactly?

In French, au means “at”, and revoir is a noun that we can loosely translate as “seeing each other again” or “meeting again”. It doesn’t make much sense to translate it this way, though.

In a simplified way, au revoir could be “until we see each other again”. It carries the hope and disguised certainty of meeting again.

Au revoir can be both formal and informal. Pair it with monsieur (“sir”), madame (“mrs”), or mademoiselle (“miss”) to make it properly formal. Add a family member or a first name after it if you want it to be more informal.

Native tip: It’s common today to hear it pronounced as au r’voir — phonetically o rvoar, even in a formal setting.

However, you must know that au revoir isn’t often used among people who are on close terms. Think about it: do you often part from your friends with a “goodbye”?

If you really need to know how to say “goodbye, my friend”, here is the answer: au revoir, mon ami. But that’s not a frequently used expression.

Us French prefer to use other versions of “bye”.

How to Say “Bye” in French: Salut

So how do you say “bye” in French? We use several words for a casual goodbye.

First of all, there is salut. Salut literally means “greeting” and it’s used both as a greeting and a goodbye. It’s a bit like ciao in Italian.

Speaking of ciao… French use it as an alternative to salut. Not as a greeting, though, just to say farewell.

And as we’re talking about foreign words, let me tell you… You might also hear French say “bye”! Using English words in daily situations has become common among French youth.

What can we say… English is trendy.

If you’re going to use address any of these three goodbyes to a group, you can add tout le monde (“everyone”, literally: “all the world”) at the end.

Salut, ciao, and bye are often preceded by allez in French. Allez means something like “all right” in this case.

Example: Allez, salut! (“All right, bye!”)

How to Say “See You Soon” in French: À Bientôt

French don’t literally say “see you soon”. We have an equal expression that’s made of the preposition à (“at”) and the adverb bientôt (“soon”). In this type of phrase, à more exactly means “until”.

It doesn’t make much sense if you put these two words together in English, but it’s absolutely correct in French.

À bientôt tends to fall on the informal side but still remains polite. You wouldn’t leave the office by throwing a “see you soon” at your boss, but you would probably use it with a colleague.

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If you’re not too sure when to use it and don’t want to make a gaffe (“blunder”, familiar), keep in mind that it’s safer to pair it with tu rather than vous.

How to Say “See You Later” in French: À Tout à l'Heure

Like “see you soon”, “see you later” doesn’t have a literal translation in French. In its equivalent expression, the preposition à precedes the phrase tout à l’heure (“in a moment”).

You might also hear French saying à toute, the abbreviated, slang version of à tout à l’heure.

How to Say “See You Now” in French: À Tout de Suite

Tout de suite is something like “immediately” and “right after now” in French.

You can use à tout de suite when ending a phone conversation with someone you’re on your way to meet. It also works in similar situations.

How to Say “See You” in French: À plus

“See you” is “see you later”’s shortened and more slang-ish version. Its French equal is à plus. As you’ve probably guessed, it comes from à plus tard.

Native tip: Unlike in à plus tard, you have to pronounce the s in à plus.

Remember to never, ever use it in a formal setting. It’s reserved for friends and family members.

How to Say “See You Next Time” in French”: À la Prochaine

To say “see you next time” in French, use à la prochaine. Prochaine means “next”, so the expression literally translates to “until the next”.

How to Say “See You Tomorrow” in French: À Demain

Demain means “tomorrow” in French, so à demain is “see you tomorrow”.

How to Say “See You on…” in French:

Let’s say that your date has gone particularly well and you have decided to have another one on Monday. To say “see you on Monday”, say à lundi.

Add one of the French days of the week after à to get all the versions of this phrase:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1KVYEN3wFBOCdZSaBpjeOsJ99zOQTOEZfWqMgH20f8NU/edit?usp=sharing

Native tip: Remember that the French days of the week don’t start with a capital letter unless they open a sentence.

How to Say “See You…, Then” in French: On Se Voit…, Alors

On se voit…, alors means “we’ll see each other…, then”. This phrase is not a goodbye per se, it’s more like a confirmation.

You have to replace the three dots by the time you expect to see each other again.

Here are ways to complete on se voit…, alors:

on se voit demain, alors – “see you tomorrow, then”on se voit lundi, alors or any other day – “see you on Monday) then”on se voit la semaine prochaine, alors – “see you next week, then”on se voit dans deux semaines, alors – “see you in two weeks, then”on se voit le mois prochain, alors – “see you next month, then”

With precise times such as tomorrow or a set day of the week, you could specify the hour by adding à … heure(s) to the phrase.

Examples:

on se voit à dix heures demain, alors – “see you at ten tomorrow, then”on se voit lundi à treize heures, alors – “see you at one pm Monday, then”

Remember that the French hours go from 0 to 24.

How to Say “Have a Good Day” in French: Bonne Journée

French people don’t say “have a good day”. We simply say bonne journée (“good day”).

This is only a goodbye. Don’t confuse it with bonjour, the greeting.

How to Say “Have a Good Afternoon” in French: Bon Après-Midi

Like with bonne journée, French speakers don’t say “have a good afternoon” but bon après-midi or bonne après-midi (“good afternoon”). We don’t use this as a greeting either.

Native tip: Yes! “Afternoon” in French can both be masculine and feminine. It’s a rare occurrence in non-adjective words in French. Usually, when French words have dual-gender, they have different meanings.

Here’s a fun fact you can share with your French learning buddies!

How to Say “Have a Good Evening” in French: Bonne Soirée

Bonsoir (“good evening”) is a greeting in French. You want to use bonne soirée (“good evening”) to part with someone before dinner.

How to Say “Have a Good Night” in French: Bonne Nuit

To say “have a good night” in French, say bonne nuit (“good night”).

You can also say passe une bonne nuit which literally means “spend a good evening”. Add passe un/une to bonne journee, bon après-midi, and bonne soirée to get the same result.

How to Say “Take Care” in French: Prend Soin de Toi

Saying “take care” is a warmer way to part from your friends or family, so why not use it in French, too?

There are two main ways to say “take care” in French. The first is prend soin de toi (literally: “take care of yourself”).

The second one is fais attention à toi (vaguely: “take good care of yourself”).

You can use both to express that you care about the person you’re parting with. They’re fine in a casual and formal setting.

Native tip: Remember that there are two “you” in French. Tu is the informal singular second person. Vous is the formal singular second person or plural second person.

Prend soin de toi becomes prenez soin de vous with vous. Fais attention à toi becomes faites attention à vous.

How to Say “You Too” in French: “Toi Aussi”

If you want to return a goodbye such as prend soin de toi or passe une bonne nuit, say toi aussi (“you too”) or toi de même (“you as well”).

How to Say “Goodbye, Until Next Time” in French: Au revoir, à la Prochaine

As you can see, au revoir, à la prochaine mixes two phrases we’ve covered earlier in the post. Au revoir, à la prochaine means “goodbye, until next time”.

You can get other similar expressions by pairing au revoir with another phrase. You could say “goodbye, see you tomorrow” with au revoir, à demain or “goodbye, see you on Monday” with au revoir, à lundi.

How to Say “Kisses” in French: Bisous

French people are fond of ending phone calls by saying bisous (“kisses”) or je t’embrace/je vous embrasse (“kisses”/“hugs”).

Both expressions can be used to end letters or emails as well. Keep in mind that they’re reserved for warm goodbyes with people who are close to you.

How to Say “Keep in Touch” in French: On s’Appelle or On s’Écrit

On s’appelle literally means “we’ll call each other” in French. On s’écrit is “we’ll write to each other”.

You can use both expressions after you’ve walked your date to their apartment or if you have to leave a friend in a hurry and wish to hear from them soon.

Both are quite informal.

How to Say “Nice to Meet You” in French: Content/e de T’Avoir Connu/e

Let’s say that you met one of your friend’s friend. You’re not sure you’ll see them again but still want to say goodbye in a warm way. Use:

content de t’avoir connu – “nice to know you” from man to mancontent de t’avoir connue – “nice to know you” from man to womancontente de t’avoir connu – “nice to know you” from woman to mancontente de t’avoir connue – “nice to know you” from woman to woman

Native tip: Replace t’ with vous for a formal or plural goodbye.

The even more formal version uses ravi/e (“delighted”) instead of content/e. You could also replace de t’/vous avoir connu/e with d’avoir fait ta/votre connaissance.

How to Say “Farewell” in French: Adieu

If you’re a fan of crosswords, adieu may be familiar to you. When there is the clue “goodbye in French” in crossword puzzles, the possible answers are either au revoir or adieu.

However, don’t let that trick you into thinking that you can interchange au revoir and adieu at your pleasure. Adieu has a sense of final goodbye that no one likes to express. It’s lasting, permanent.

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Adieu literally means “to God” in French. According to its etymology, adieu‘s whole meaning is something like “we’ll see each other when we’re next to God.”

In other words, if you told your date adieu you’d be saying something like I’ll see you in the afterlife. Not ideal if you want to snatch a second rendez-vous (“date”).

Adieu as a noun translates to “farewell” or “final goodbye” in English. The phrase faire ses adieux (“saying a final goodbye”) is one of the most common ways to hear adieu in spoken French. The word’s use in general is quite rare because of its gloomy nature.

Let’s say it: adieu belongs in romantic tragedies on the screen or in novels.

Why Learning to Say “Goodbye” in French Matters

Imagine that you met a French person you’d like to impress. It might be a client, a potential friend, a cute person in a bar. You had a nice interaction and they started to like you. Wouldn’t you want to wrap that in a perfect way?

If you want to leave a lasting impression, being able to take the right goodbye out of your pocket is crucial. You don’t want to part with your date with a goodbye that could cancel the romantic vibe you’ve struggled to create.

But wanting to impress isn’t the only motivation you have to learn how to say “goodbye” in French.

Saying goodbye properly may make you come across as polite, warm, friendly. It’s a way of displaying your good manners and making you someone whom others like to have around.

It’s Time For Us to Say Au Revoir

Congratulations! You’re a pro at saying goodbye in French. Which goodbye is your favorite?

Now that you know how to close conversations in French, would you like to review how to start them? Check out Benny Lewis’s awesome post for that.

If you’re looking to get more French under your belt before you actually go one a French date, have a look at this page. Benny put together the best resources you can find on the internet to learn French!

I guess the time has come for us to say goodbye! But ce n’est pas un adieu (“it’s not a final goodbye”). I’ll see you very soon with new handy French posts.

À bientôt!

The post 10 Ways to Say “Goodbye” in French appeared first on Fluent in 3 months - Language Hacking and Travel Tips.

How to Say “I Love You” in Chinese (Get it Right the First Time!)

Want to know how to say “I love you” in Chinese?

I’m going to show you how, in many different ways. But first, here’s something you should know about love in Chinese culture:

Chinese culture can be remarkably different from the Western culture. That also applies to dating, showing love, using pet names, and even saying “I love you”.

If you’re asking “How do you say “I love you” in Chinese?”, the answer is not as straightforward as you might think. But no worries, this article is a guide that will explain all you need to know about love in Mandarin.

Here’s your quick checklist of phrases to say “I love you” in Chinese:

Love: 爱 (ài)I love you: 我爱你 (wǒ ài nǐ)I like you (romantically): 我喜欢你 (wǒ xǐhuan nǐ)I miss you: 我想你 (wǒ xiǎng nǐ)You’re beautiful: 你很美丽。(nǐ hěn měilì)You’re handsome: 你好帅！(nǐ hǎo shuài!)“I love u” (Chinese text slang) – 520 (五二零, wǔ'èr líng)I like being with you: 我喜欢和你在一起。(wǒ xǐhuān hé nǐ zài yīqǐ)

Before you decide to tell your partner you love them, have a look at the list of words, phrases and tips I prepared for you. You’ll learn what’s the best way to compliment Chinese men and women, how to tell your friend you like them and how the number “520” connects to love in the Chinese culture.

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“Love” in Chinese

The Chinese character for “love” is 爱 (ài) and is mostly used to express romantic feelings for another person.

爱 (ài) can mean “love” for your family member, too. But telling each other “I love you” in a Chinese family isn’t very common, and I’ll elaborate on this later.

Identifying the Chinese word for love is easy, but 爱 (ài, “love”) is sometimes seen as overly sentimental among Chinese people. Instead, you’re more likely to hear 喜欢 (xǐhuan) – “like”.

我喜欢你 (wǒ xǐhuan nǐ) then means “I like you” in Chinese, but in the context of expressing feelings for your partner, it actually means “I love you”.

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“I Love You” in Chinese

The most common way to say “I love you” in Mandarin is 我喜欢你 (wǒ xǐhuan nǐ), as I mentioned before.

That said, it’s not wrong to say 我爱你 (wǒ ài nǐ) – “I love you” – either. It’s just one of those phrases that a Chinese native speaker will understand but wouldn’t often use.

Now, if you want to respond, how do you say you love them too? If your girlfriend/boyfriend tells you they love you with 我爱你 (wǒ ài nǐ), just say 我也爱你 (wǒ yě aì nǐ) – “I love you too”.

,But if you want to sound like a native, use the other version of “I love you (too)” in Chinese – 我也喜欢你 (wǒ yě xǐhuan nǐ).

And what about “I love you so much” in Chinese? That is simple – just add “so much” after “I”. You have more options to choose from if you want to say “so much”:

非常 (fēicháng) – “very much” or “extremely”那么 (nàme) – “so very much”是如此 (shì rúcǐ) – literally “in that way”, but in this context “so much”.

One more thing: to send a message of “I love you” in Chinese, you might need to learn Chinese “coded” language. Instead of saying (actually, typing) “love” in Chinese letters, Chinese people often use numbers that sound similar to the expression.

Intrigued yet? Stay with me, and I will explain more in a moment.

“My Love” in Chinese

Chinese pet names are a bit different from the English ones. In English, we have “my love”, “baby” or “darling”. Compared to Chinese, they’re quite simple.

For example, the literal translation of “my love” in Chinese would be 我的爱人 (wǒ de àirén), which also means “my lover”.

In real Chinese conversation, you’d use 亲爱的 (qīn'ài de) which would translate as “beloved” or even “darling/dear”.

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“My Baby” in Chinese

Similarly to English, the Chinese word for “baby” can refer to a child as well as a boyfriend/girlfriend.

宝宝 (bǎobǎo) and 宝贝 (bǎobèi) both mean “baby”. 宝贝 (bǎobèi) also means “treasure”.

In a relationship, a couple can refer to one another as 宝宝 (bǎobǎo) and 贝贝 (bèibèi). Both still mean “baby”.

It’s not necessary to say “my baby”, but you can always add 我的 (wǒ de, “my”) before your pet name.

“My Heart” in Chinese

The closest Chinese word to “my heart” would be 心肝 (xīngān), which literally means “heart and liver”.

Sound a bit gruesome? Well, just think of it this way – you can’t live without your heart or liver. So calling someone 心肝 (xīngān) means you love them so much, you can’t live without them.

Other common Chinese pet names include 老婆 (lǎopó) and 老公 (lǎogōng) – “wifey” and “hubby”, respectively.

Even though these two cute names are slang for a wife and a husband, many young unmarried couples use these pet names too.

“I Miss You” in Chinese

“To miss” someone and “to think of” someone is the same word in Chinese – the only difference is the context.

So, 我想你 (wǒ xiǎng nǐ) means both “I miss you” and “I’m thinking of you”. If you want to look more into the literal translation, 想 (xiǎng) means “to want”, but it’s not common to say “I want you” in Chinese when talking about your romantic partner.

我想念你 (wǒ xiǎngniàn nǐ) also means “I miss you”. The difference here is, you know for sure you won’t be seeing this person ever again.

“You Are Beautiful” in Chinese

Just as “beautiful” in English usually refers to women, and “handsome” refers to men, in Chinese there are also male and female forms for talking about beauty.

Although I’ll teach you the compliments for a man, too, remember that you shouldn’t really expect your Chinese girlfriend to praise your handsomeness.

However, don’t be surprised if one of your Chinese male friends compliments your (or your boyfriend’s) looks.

Here’s what you might hear:

你好帅！(nǐ hǎo shuài!) – “You’re (so) handsome!”你很迷人！(nǐ hěn mírén!) – “You’re (so) charming!”穿衣服真配你！(chuān yīfú zhēn pèi nǐ!) – “You look great in those clothes!”

To compliment a Chinese woman, words of direct admiration, such as “you’re beautiful” can do more harm than good.

This is because Chinese girls are taught from a young age that modesty is the best way to behave.

Direct compliments might make them uncomfortable, so you might be better off saying something creative, such as:

你的眼睛里有故事。(nǐ de yǎnjīngli yǒu gùshì) – literally, “There is a story in your eyes.” But in this context, it’s something along the lines of “Your eyes are so deep, it seems like they tell a thousand stories.” or even “I’m so lost in your eyes.”太阳升起只是为了看到你的微笑。(tàiyáng shēng qǐ zhǐshì wèile kàn dào nǐ de wéixiào) – “The sun rises just to see you smile”.

But of course, you should still learn how to say “beautiful” in Chinese.

You two might need to get a bit more comfortable with each other first, but eventually you can still use these phrases with your girlfriend or significant other

你很美丽。(nǐ hěn měilì) – “You’re beautiful.”你很漂亮。(nǐ hěn piàoliang) – “You’re pretty.”你好可爱! (nǐ hǎo kě'ài) – “You are so cute!”你看起来美极了。(nǐ kàn qǐlái měi jíle) – “You look so gorgeous.”

Chinese women (but also men) usually answer to compliments like this:

哪里哪里。(nǎlǐ nǎlǐ) – literally “where, where”, but what they really mean is “Oh, stop” or “You flatter me”.真的吗? (zhēn de ma?) – “Really?”



“Boyfriend” in Chinese

“Boyfriend” in Chinese is easy to say. As in English, it’s a combination of the word “boy” or “male” – 男 (nán) and the word “friend” – 朋友 (péngyǒu).

Together it’s 男朋友 (nánpéngyǒu) – “boyfriend”. But it’s also possible to call your partner 对象 (duìxiàng) – this can mean “boyfriend”, “girlfriend” or “beau”.

“Husband” in Chinese is 丈夫 (zhàngfū).

“Girlfriend” in Chinese

Similarly to “boyfriend”, “girlfriend” in Mandarin Chinese is also a combination of “girl” or “female” – 女 (nǚ) and “friend” – 朋友 (péngyǒu) – 女朋友 (nǚpéngyǒu).

The word for “wife” in Chinese is 妻子 (qīzi).

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What is the Meaning of “520” in Chinese?

If you are familiar with Mandarin Chinese, especially with the slang, you will likely have seen the wide use of numbers in the written language.

This number slang has its roots on the Internet, specifically in Chinese social media.

Often, the pronunciation of the Chinese numbers sounds similar to another word. A combination of them then forms a whole sentence.

Here’s an example:

886 = 爸爸六 (bàba liù) – “bye bye”. “Eight” in Chinese sounds similar to “bye” and “six” to the particle “le” that indicates past action or a change in status.

So what is “520” then? The reason why I included it in this article is because it means “I love u” in Chinese!

Here’s how it goes:

520 = 五二零 (wǔ'èr líng) – “I love u”.

5 (wǔ) sounds similar to 我 (wǒ) — “I”, 2 (èr) sounds like 爱 (ài) — “love”, and 0 (líng) gets close to 你 (nǐ) — “you”.

If you want to finish your message with a sweet word of love, 520 is not the only one you can use:

2013 = 二零一三 (èr líng yī sān) – “I’ll love you forever”, because:

20 (èr líng) sounds like 爱你 (ài nǐ) – “Love you”, and 13 (yī sān) is similar and is taken from the phrase 一生一世 (yīshēng yīshì) – “forever”.

831 (bā sān yī) – “I love you”

This one doesn’t sound like anything, Instead, 8 is the number of letters in “I love you”, 3 is the number of words in “I love you” and 1 is the only meaning of this phrase.

721 (qī'èryī) – “Love you”; it is formed the same way as 831.



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How Chinese People Demonstrate Love – Actions Speak Louder Than Words

A large number of young Chinese couples are very traditional.

They don’t date in school. They wouldn’t be together without the purpose of marrying in the future. Their compliments may be different to the ones we know, and it’s common for the parents to be involved in their children’s relationships.

Also, love among family members can be shown differently – or not at all.

Traditional Chinese parents hardly ever say to their children, and to each other, “I love you”.

But that, of course, doesn’t mean they don’t love each other. Rather than words, they use actions.

For example, one well known Chinese greeting is 你吃了吗? (nǐ chīle ma) – “Have you eaten?”

And although this phrase is used to say “hello”, when Chinese parents ask this to their children, they’re expressing that they worry about their children being nourished. So it’s one way of showing love.

Chinese parents also say 按时吃饭 (ànshí chīfàn) – “eat on time/regularly” or 多吃点 (duō chī diǎn) – “eat some more”.

Chinese children know that when they come back home after a long time, their parents will have their favourite dish ready!

Similar to this, a Chinese parent will often tell their children 早睡觉 (zǎo shuìjiào) – “sleep early”. By this they mean they worry about and love their children.

The younger generation is getting more relaxed about the words and signs of love, but still, there are a lot of young people who are traditional and reserved.

How to Show Love to Your Chinese Partner

If you want to show that you care about your partner in an indirect way, try saying something like:

我喜欢和你在一起。(wǒ xǐhuān hé nǐ zài yīqǐ) – “I like to be with you/I like to spend time with you.”你让我着迷。(nǐ ràng wǒ zháomí) – “You fascinate me.”我觉得和你在一起很开心。(wǒ juédé hé nǐ zài yīqǐ hěn kāixīn) – “I feel very happy being with you.”

It’s also good to know that many Chinese women like to receive gifts.

Materialism isn’t necessarily a sign of love, but a gift shows you’re thinking of her and are willing to provide for her. You can buy her anything from flowers to chocolates, clothes to electronics.

Both Chinese men and women can be modest, but also insecure, so don’t forget to remind your partner this:

你在我心中是最完美的！(nǐ zài wǒ xīnzhōng shì zuì wánměi de) – “You are perfect to me!”, literally “You are the most perfect in my heart!”

If you want to date a Chinese person, remember they like to take things slowly. Make sure your partner is comfortable and know that they might not want you to kiss or touch them in public.

Give them straightforward compliments. Also, be aware that they’ll likely require you to spend a lot of time with their family.

Like I said, parents are an important part of a Chinese person’s life and if you want to date them, you’ll need to impress their parents, too. A great way to do this is to learn some basic phrases to have your first conversation, learn more about them and, of course, the Chinese culture too.

Have fun showing your love in Chinese!

The post How to Say “I Love You” in Chinese (Get it Right the First Time!) appeared first on Fluent in 3 months - Language Hacking and Travel Tips.

Japanese Pod101 Review – The Best Japanese Podcast Out There

How good is JapanesePod101? Is JapanesePod101 free? Can you really learn Japanese with podcasts?

The short answer: yes. And spoiler alert: JapanesePod101 is awesome.

I’ve used JapanesePod101 on and off throughout my studies, from absolute beginner to advanced lessons. I used it to help me prepare for my Japanese Language Proficiency Test, and I still use it now for upper-intermediate and advanced lessons.

JapanesePod101 is an invaluable tool for Japanese learners. And it’s definitely the best podcast to learn Japanese out there.

If you’re curious how JapanesePod101 works, how much it costs, and what you’ll learn… Well, stick around!

We’ll be covering:

JapanesePod101: The Best Podcast to Learn JapaneseCan You Really Learn with a Japanese Podcast?Japanese 101: From Beginner Japanese Lessons to AdvancedHow JapanesePod101 WorksIs JapanesePod101 Free?JapanesePod101 Review: Pros and ConsHow to Use JapanesePod101 Effectively

Let’s get on to the review.

JapanesePod101: The Best Podcast to Learn Japanese

Why should you check out JapanesePod101? Because there’s no other tool like it. JapanesePod101 was the first language learning podcast from Innovative Languages and founder Peter Galante.

Peter has turned his little Japanese podcast into a massive language learning tool. It has audio and video lessons, flashcards, word lists, tutors, and so much more! They now have podcasts in more than 30 languages.

Why should you care about that?

Because they’ve put in the time, effort, and research to make this the best yet, and JapanesePod101 is the original. That means it’s gotten the most time to grow and the most lessons.

Even though it’s a podcast, JapanesePod101 has enough resources to help you learn to speak, read, and write — not only listen — in Japanese. That’s what makes it the best Japanese podcast out there.

Can You Really Learn with a Japanese Podcast?

Can you really learn with Japanese podcast lessons? Absolutely! In fact, it’s one of the best ways to learn Japanese.

That said, if you think you can pop in your earbuds, listen, and master Japanese… well, it’s not that easy.

JapanesePod101 gives you a lot of info and tools to learn. But it’s up to you to take advantage of them.

If you only listen to podcast lessons and do nothing else, you won’t master Japanese. But if you listen, take what you learned, and apply it by speaking and writing — then yes! You will learn Japanese.

In fact, I have some pointers for how to make the most of JapanesePod101 below, so keep reading.

Japanese 101: From Beginner Japanese Lessons to Advanced

JapanesePod101 categorizes all its episodes into seasons by difficulty. There are 5 main levels: Absolute Beginner, Beginner, Intermediate, Upper Intermediate, and Advanced. Each of these levels has various seasons and topics to help you learn, including culture classes.

For example, here’s what’s in the Absolute Beginner category:

3-Minute Japanese lessonsBasic BootcampCulture ClassExtensive ReadingSurvival Phrases for travelersTop 25 Japanese Questions You Need to Know

That’s besides the Newbie Seasons where you learn the bulk of your vocab and grammar!

Each season has about 25 lessons, especially the newer seasons. Some of the older material has more episodes than that. And lessons themselves are around 10-15 minutes in length.

How JapanesePod101 Works

When you sign up for JapanesePod101, they’ll ask you your level – Absolute Beginner, Beginner, Intermediate, or Advanced. Don’t worry if you aren’t sure, you can change it later.

Once you sign in, you’ll see your assigned learning path on your dashboard.

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You don’t have to follow the learning path, but it’s quite helpful. (I tend to jump around quite a bit myself.)

The learning path is a lesson plan that helps guide you through the podcasts and immense bank of material so you’re learning what you need to know as you progress.

Each lesson follows the same format:

The hosts introduce themselves (usually a native Japanese speaker and an English speaker)They’ll have you listen to a short dialogueThe dialogue gets broken down in slow Japanese, then with English translationThe hosts discuss what happened in the dialogue, and add any insights or culture pointsThey review the vocabulary, breaking it down in slow Japanese and natural speedThere’s an explanation of the lesson’s main grammar pointThe hosts talk about a cultural tip or give a short quiz to answer about the grammar pointA replay of the dialogue

After you’ve listened to the lesson, you can review what you learned in the lesson notes PDF. If you have the Premium or Premium+ plan, you have the option to use extra tools. These include the bonus dialogue-only track, line-by-line audio, lesson quiz, vocab list, and more.

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Is JapanesePod101 Free?

So… How much does JapanesePod101 cost? Is JapanesePod101 free or not?

Well, it’s a freemium website.

What that means is, some material is free. This is usually their free word lists as they rotate, and some other helpful PDFs and a few audio lessons. The free audio lessons are the newest ones, and they stay available for free for three weeks before being moved to the premium lesson library.

But most of the best stuff, especially the lesson plans, are paid features.

However, it’s very reasonably priced. JapanesePod101 costs as little as $8/mo with a month-to-month basic subscription. But, if you look at their site… the pricing is a little confusing.

Depending on how long you purchase for, depends on the price and package. And the price they initially show you is based on a two-year subscription.

Now, don’t get me wrong. JapanesePod101 has plenty of material to last you two years if you’re a beginner. But it’s still a great price even if you get a shorter subscription.

They also have Premium and Premium+ options, which are more of an investment but come with quite a bit more than the Basic plan.

The Basic plan pretty much just includes the audio and in-depth lesson notes.

The Premium plan includes the Word Bank, videos, line-by-line audio, core 2,000 word list, flashcards, and more. The Premium+ plan includes all that, plus 1-on-1 learning with a tutor.

So, the cost depends on what you’re looking for and how much you’re willing to invest.

I’ve always gone with the Premium option in the past because I like the extra tools and videos. Right now I have a Basic subscription because I mainly listen on-the-go. If you don’t have someone to help you learn Japanese, you may consider the Premium+ option.

JapanesePod101 Review: Pros and Cons

There’s a lot to like, but there are a few cons, as well. Here’s what I like about JapanesePod101:

Pro: Straightforward, Well-Laid-Out Lessons

While there are some older lessons that aren’t as good about this, all the newer material is very straight-to-the-point. As a busy working mom, I appreciate that.

You go into each lesson with a clear learning goal and topic, and the format is always the same. So it makes it very easy to follow along and learn!

Pro: A Lesson For Every Topic and Need

This is the #1 reason why I love JapanesePod101. There are lessons on slang, regional dialects, daily activities and hobbies, culture, and so much more. If you’re only learning for travel, there are sections for that, too.

A huge chunk of my Japanese culture knowledge has come from JapanesePod101 culture lessons. They’re incredibly in-depth and insightful, and my favorite podcast episodes to listen to!

Pro: Tons of Tools and Resources

There are a lot of ways to learn with JapanesePod101, making it perfect for every type of learning. Flashcards? Got it. Transcriptions of the lessons for those who want to understand every word? Included.

Plus, they carefully choose dialogue and vocabulary that you’ll actually hear in Japan. Then, you can add those words to your word bank to review!

Pro: You’re Given a Language Roadmap

You don’t have to guess what you’ll need to do next. With their assigned language path, you can go step-by-step toward your goals.

You’ll waste no time trying to figure out where your focus should be. You know exactly what to study.

Pro: The Pricing is Great

In my opinion, it’s one of the most accessible language learning resources out there. No matter your budget, they have a plan and price to make it work.

Compared with college classes and textbooks (which aren’t as in-depth) or Rosetta Stone (which doesn’t work)… JapanesePod101 is a steal.

Pro: Japanese You’ll Actually Use in Real Life

A lot of what I learned in Japanese textbooks wasn’t useful to me at all, especially vocabulary. But JapanesePod101 teaches you real Japanese, that you’ll actually use. You can start speaking right away, even after an episode or two.

Okay, and now for what I didn’t like:

Con: Some of the Older Lessons are Far Too Long and Chatty

I mean, when you consider the time these were recorded (they started in 2006!), podcast recording was a very different thing then.

So while their newer lessons are excellent, their older episodes could use updating. You’ll come across them from time-to-time in your language path, or just browsing the lessons.

While some of the former hosts are really endearing (Sakura-sensei!!), the chatter distracts from the learning.

Con: Upsale Banners

This only applies if you’re on the basic package, and you access the lessons through your web browser. To be honest, I almost exclusively use the mobile app, so I don’t see a lot of the banners for sales and promos on more premium packages.

But if you get on the website, or even in your email, they’re there. That’s kind of annoying, but it’s not a deal-breaker for such an excellent course.

Con: There Could Be More Japanese

Yeah, I know this seems ironic, especially for a “learn Japanese” podcast. But a lot of the instruction is taught in English — although this is something I notice getting better in new lessons.

How to Use JapanesePod101 Effectively

So, what’s the best way to use JapanesePod101? Here are my thoughts and language hacking strategies I apply while using the podcast.

Listen to the audio more than once. You’ll pick up something new each time, and smooth out what you may have struggled with.Repeat OUTLOUD. So important! Get used to how Japanese sounds rolling off your tongue.Listen often. Japanese podcasts are one of the easiest ways to fit study time into your day. I listen to them while cleaning or driving!Make full use of all their resources. When you finish a lesson, don’t just move on. Add the vocab to your flashcard decks, listen to the bonus tracks, and review the lesson notes.Don’t stick to JapanesePod101 only. Venture outside the app, too. Try creating sentences with the Japanese grammar and vocab you learned, and write it down. Find a Japanese language exchange partner to speak with and practice. Watch Japanese movies and listen for words and grammar you studied.

You can totally learn Japanese fast with podcasts if you make use of these strategies!

In Summary: JapanesePod101 is Well Worth It

I broke it all down for you and laid out the pros and cons. And over the years that I’ve been using it, JapanesePod101 has just gets better and better.

JapanesePod101 has helped me learn so much about the Japanese language and culture. It’s one of my favorite Japanese resources, and I highly recommend it.

The post Japanese Pod101 Review – The Best Japanese Podcast Out There appeared first on Fluent in 3 months - Language Hacking and Travel Tips.

27 Ways to Say “Thank You” in Italian

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What is “thank you” in Italian?

Let me help you right away if you’re looking for the short answer:

“Thank you” in Italian is grazie.

Feel like this isn’t enough? You should scroll down and read the whole article if you’d like to know:

The difference between grazie and grazia in Italian, and why they are not interchangeableIf gratis is a way to say grazieHow to say “thanks a lot”, “thanks a million”, or “thank you very much” in ItalianHow to text “thank u” in ItalianHow to say “no problem” and “you’re welcome” in ItalianThe ways to express gratitude in Italy without saying any words at all

Learning how to express your gratitude in a language is important.

Think about it: what would happen if you didn’t know how to say “thank you” in English? Start thinking about how many times you would come across as rude in your daily life…

Do you instead want to seem polite and friendly? Would you like to fit in and use the proper expressions to be thankful in Italian? At Fluent in 3 Months we do our best to help you learn your target language as smoothly as possible, so my mission today is to teach you how to be thankful in Italian. As you can see in the title, we’re going to cover 27 Italian expressions related to thankfulness.

If you landed here by googling “what is thank you in Italy”, or any version of that question, then Google knows how to serve you the best answers. In addition to being a treasure cave on Italian thankfulness, this article features native tips to help your Italian get as polished as possible.

And you simply must stick around until the end because there’s a special guide waiting for you at the bottom of the article. That is... if you’re curious about traditional alternatives to thanking someone in Italy without using the words for it (yes, food’s involved!).

Pronti? Via! (“Ready? Let’s go!”)

How to Say “Thank You” in Italian: Grazie

The Italian word for “thank you” is grazie. It comes from the Latin word family of the words gratia and gratus that are tied to concepts of thankfulness, easygoingness, and friendship.

Attenzione! (“Be careful!”) Beginner Italian learners often confuse grazie with grazia. I’ll help you sound more like a native by showing you the difference between the two.

In Italian, grazia means “grace”, and grazie is the plural of grazia, but it doesn’t have much else in common with its homonym grazie, which is used to say “thank you” in Italy. What does that mean? Simply that you cannot use grazia to express your gratitude. Even if you’re being grateful for a single thing.

If you need a trick to remember this, think about “welcome” and “you’re welcome” in English. They look and sound similar, but you would generally not use “welcome” to reply to a “thank you”.

Another word non-Italian speakers sometimes confuse with grazie is gratis. They have a similar spelling and pronunciation, but they are in no means the same. In fact, gratis means “free” in the sense of “costing no money”, just like it does in English.

Obviously, you may say grazie when you get something gratis.

How to Say “Thanks” in Italian

There isn’t a specific way to say “thanks” in Italian, you just use the same word as for “thank you”: grazie.

The noun thanks (as in “I give you my thanks”) in Italian is ringraziamento, which we’ll look at more closely later in the article.

How to Say “Thank You Very Much” in Italian: Grazie Mille

Italians will say grazie mille or mille grazie (literally “thanks a thousand” and “a thousand thanks”) to say “thank you very much”.

The proper English idiom to replace grazie mille or mille grazie would be “thanks a million”.

This is one of the most historic sayings to say “thank you” in Italian. It was used in letters, in formal conversations, and is still popular today.

How to Say “Thanks so Much” in Italian: Grazie Infinite

It’s not easy to directly link Italian ways to say “thank you” with English ones because they tend to have no literal translation.

However, as “thanks so much” is a tad stronger than “thanks very much”, you could use grazie infinite (“infinite thanks”) as an equivalent.

Infinite is more than a thousand, isn’t it?

How to Say “Thanks a Lot” in Italian

Now we’re slightly decreasing the intensity of the thanks. To say “thanks a lot” in Italian, say grazie tante.

How to Say “Many Thanks” in Italian: Molte Grazie

“Many thanks” in Italian is either tante grazie or molte grazie.

How to Say “Thank Again” in Italian: Grazie Ancora

The word for “again” in Italian is ancora, so to say “thanks again” say grazie ancora. When chatting with Italians you might eventually come across the phrase grazie rinnovate (“renewed thanks”).

How to Say “Thanks For…” in Italian

We often use the “thanks for + verb” construction in everyday life, in sentences such as “thanks for calling”. To do that in Italian, follow this pattern:

grazie
per/di/d'
auxiliary (essere/avere)
participle

Examples:

Grazie per aver chiamato - “Thanks for calling.”Grazie d’essere venuto - “Thanks for coming.”

If you instead want to use the formula “thanks for + noun”, use grazie per il/l’/la or grazie del/dell’/della.

Examples:

Grazie per la chiamata - “Thanks for the call.”Grazie dell’invito - “Thanks for the invitation.”



How to Text “Thank U” in Italian

The word for “thank you” in Italian is already short as it is, so the cyber Italians still haven’t deemed it necessary to find a byte-sized version of it.

That means that to text “thank u” in Italian, you’d simply type grazie.

It’s also frequent to receive a ti ringrazio❤️ or some tvb (ti voglio bene, “I love you”) and tvtb (ti voglio tanto bene, “I love you a lot”).

Psst… If you’d like to discover more sweet Italian texts to send your loved ones, check out these romantic Italian phrases.

How to Say “You Shouldn’t Have” in Italian:

If you have to say “thank you” after receiving a gift, don’t forget about the extra emotion that Italians sprinkle on everything. Make sure to let your friends know that you’re very flattered that they thought of getting you something.

Italian people often quickly roll past “thank yous” to jump to the “you shouldn’t have” part of being grateful.

Non avresti dovuto (“you shouldn’t have”) or ma non avresti dovuto (“but you shouldn’t have”) are popular Italian expressions to react to receiving a gift. They are a way to say that the gift was unexpected and is gratefully received.

They are short for non avresti dovuto comprare niente (“you shouldn’t have bought anything”) or similar phrases.

The Noun “Thanks” in Italian: Ringraziamento

The noun “thanks” in Italian is ringraziamento, but it is most often used in plural form if you want to express gratitude: ringraziamenti. Using it to express thankfulness will turn the phrase into a formal, more polite one than if you just used grazie. They are generally used in written form or during speeches.

Here are two examples of a phrase using ringraziamenti.

I miei ringraziamenti - “All my gratitude.”Porgo i miei più sinceri ringraziamenti - “I offer you my sincerest thanks.”



The Verb “To Thank” in Italian: Ringraziare

The verb “to thank” in Italian is ringraziare.

(io) ringrazio
I thank


(tu) ringrazi
(singular informal) you thank


(lui/lei/Lei) ringrazia
he/she/(singular formal) you thank


(noi) ringraziamo
we thank


(voi) ringraziate
(plural) you thank


(loro) ringraziano
they thank

Native tip use the verb in case you cannot accept an invitation or a favor: Ti ringrazio (ma non posso), sarà per un’altra volta, which means “thank you (but I can’t), perhaps another time.

You can season the phrase with molto or tanto (“a lot”), moltissimo or tantissimo (“very much”), or davvero (“truly”).

How to Say “Thank You” in Italian, Formal Version: La Ringrazio

Although grazie and its derived phrases are suitable for both informal and formal situations, there are ways to sound even more polite when saying “thank you” in Italian.

One of them is by using the verb ringraziare and the pronoun lei, the formal singular “you”, which results in la ringrazio.

How to Say “Thank You” in Italian Slang: Ti Ringrazio un Sacco

Literally “thank you a bag”, ti ringrazio un sacco is an Italian slang way to say thank you.

Un sacco in Italian slang means “a lot”.

How to Say “Thankful” in Italian: Grato/a

The adjective grato (“thankful”) in Italian shares the same root as the verb ringraziare. The feminine version is grata, the masculine plural is grati, and the feminine plural is grate.

“To be grateful” in Italian is essere grato/a, a verb phrase at the origin of a common Italian expression of deep gratitude: Ti sono infinitamente grato/a (literally “I am infinitely grateful to you”). You can also say ti sono grato (“I am grateful to you.”)

Native tip: remember to change the pronoun in the previous phrase according to the person you’re addressing. With lei (formal singular second person), use Le sono grato/a. With voi (plural second person), use Vi sono grato/a.

How to Say “Thankfulness” in Italian: Gratitudine

The word gratitudine (“thankfulness”) in Italian shares the root of the words grazie and grato.

Some “thank you” Italian expressions that contain the word gratitudine are la tua gentilezza merita tutta la mia gratitudine (“your kindness deserves all my gratitude”) and come ti posso dimostrare la mia gratitudine? (“how can I show you my gratitude?”)

Italian Thank You Phrases

Thought that was it? Italians are very serious about being thankful, so here a few more Italian thank you phrases to enrich your vocabulary.

Choose one for each day of the week.

67 Practical Korean Phrases to Ace Your First Korean Conversation

Are you learning how to speak Korean and ready to have your first conversation? Then this is the perfect list of practical Korean phrases.

No fluff here! All the Korean words and phrases listed below are helpful phrases you’ll actually use when speaking Korean.

Here are basic Korean words to get you ready for your first conversation:

Basic Korean Words and Phrases



Hello: 안녕하세요 (annyeong haseyo)Yes: 네 (ne) or 예 (ye)No: 아니요 (aniyo)Maybe: 아마도 (amado)Please: 주세요 (juseyo)Thank you: 감사합니다 (gamsahamnida) or 고마워요 (gomawoyo)You’re welcome: 천만에요 (cheonmaneyo)Okay: 예 (ye) or 괜찮다 (gwaenchanhda)I’m sorry: 미안해요 (mianhaeyo)I don’t know: 몰라요 (mollayo)Excuse me (for apologies): 실례합니다 (sillyehamnida)Excuse me (for someone’s attention): 저기요 (jeogiyo)Good: 좋아요 (johayo) or 좋은 (joheun)Bad: 안좋아요 (anjohayo) or 나쁜 (nappeun)And: 과 (gwa) or 와 (wa) *See note below

*A note here about “and” in Korean: There are many ways to say “and”, but these two are the most standard. The two listed here are particles and change depending on the last sound of the word that comes before it.

You use 과 (gwa) if the word before it ends in a consonant. You use 와 (wa) if the word ends in a vowel.

This is common with many Korean particles.

Korean Greetings

Here are some of the most common greetings in Korean. You’ll notice that there are a few ways to say “goodbye”. That’s because depending on how you’re leaving, it changes slightly!

But if you ever forget, you can say annyeong. It’s more casual, but it will get the job done.

Hi: 안녕 (annyeong)Hello on the phone: 여보세요 (yeoboseyo)Good morning: 좋은아침이에요 (joeun achimieyo)How are you: 어떻게 지내세요? (eotteohge jinaeseyo) or 잘 지내요? (jal jinaeyo)Long time no see: 오랜만이에요 (oraenmanieyo)Bye: 안녕 (annyeong)Goodbye (to the person leaving when you’re staying): 안녕히 가세요 (annyeonghi gaseyo)Goodbye (when you’re leaving and the other person is staying): 안녕히 계세요 (annyeonghi gyeseyo)Take care: 잘가요 (jalgayo)Welcome (to a store or place): 환영합니다 (hwanyeonghamnida)

If you want to learn more ways to start a conversation in Korean? Check out this article about Korean greetings.

Common Korean Phrases for Everyday Life

You’ll run into these phrases all the time in Korean. Some even every time you eat!

Good luck: 화이팅 (hwaiting, literally: “fighting”) or 행운을 빕니다 (haengun-eul bimnida)Cheers: 건배 (geonbae)Amazing: 대박 (daebak)Have you eaten?: 밥 먹었어요? (bab meogeosseoyo?)Bon appetit: 잘 먹겠습니다 (jal meokgetseumnida)Thank you for this meal: 잘 먹었습니다 (jal meogeotseuminda)Congratulations: 축하해요 (chukahaeyo)No problem: 문제 없어요 (munje eopseoyo)Of course: 당연하죠 (dangyeonhajyo)Just one moment, please: 잠시만 기다려 주세요 (jamsiman gidaryeo juseyo)Sleep well: 잘 자요 (jal jayo)Get home safely: 안전하게 집에 가다 (anjeonhage jib-e gada)Don’t worry: 걱정 하지마 (geokjeong hajimaseyo)

We wrote even more Korean phrases for beginners and those preparing to travel to Korea, so check that out, too!

Survival Korean Phrases for Getting Around

These are the most helpful phrases for when you’re trying to get by in Korean!

Do you speak English? 영어하세요? (yeongeo haseyo)Do you speak Korean? 한국어하세요? (hangugeo haseyo)I understand: 이해해요 (ihae haeyo)I don’t understand: 이해 못 해요 (ihae mos haeyo)What did you say? 뭐라고 했어? (mworago haesseo)Can you speak slowly please?: 천천히 말 해주세요 cheoncheonhi mal hae juseyo)Please repeat: 반복하세요 (banbog haseyo)Please write it down: 적어주세요 (jeogeo juseyo)I speak a little Korean: 한국어를 조금한다 (hangugeo-leul jogeumhanda)What does this mean? 이것은 무엇을 의미 하는가? (igeoseun mueos-eul uimi haneunga)What is _ in Korean? _ 한국말로 뭐예요? (hangugmallo mwoyeyo)How much is it? 얼마에요? (eolmayeyo)Where is _?: _ 어디에 있어요 (eodie isseyo)Where is the bathroom?: 화장실은 어디에 있어요? (hwajangsireun eodie isseyo?)Over there: 저기 (jeogi)Straight: 직진 (jigjin)Right: 오른쪽 (oleunjjok)Left: 왼쪽 (oenjjok)Can you help me please?: 도와 줄수있으세요? (dowa julsu isseuseyo)



Basic Korean Phrases for Conversation

You’ll need to know how to ask some simple questions for your first conversation. These are a great place to start:

What’s your name?: 이름이 뭐예요? (ireum-i mwoyeyo)My name is…: 제 이름은… (je ileum-eun)Nice to meet you: 반갑습니다 (bangapseubnida)Where are you from? 어디에서 왔어요? (eodieseo wasseoyo)I’m from…: …에서 왔어요 (eseo wasseoyo)How old are you?: 몇 살이에요? (myeot sarieyo)I’m _ years old: 살이에요 (sarieyo)What’s your job?: 직업이 뭐에요? (jigeobi mweoeyo)Where do you work?: 어디에서 일합니까? (eodieseo ilhamnikka)What are your hobbies?: 취미가 뭐니? (chwimiga mwoni)And you?: 그리고 너? (geuligo neo)Have a nice day: 좋은 하루 보내세요 (joheun haru bonaeseyo)



Practical Steps to Having Your First Conversation in Korean

Now that you’ve seen the best Korean phrases and words to learn for your first conversation, it’s time to prepare!

Having your first Korean conversation can be super nerve-wracking. But the whole point of learning the language is to speak and have conversations with new people, right?

So we have to work past our nerves and do the thing!

That said, the best way to get over your nerves?

Come prepared.

I’ve listed some of my favorite tips for getting through your first Korean language exchange. If you do these things, you’ll feel way more confident!

I’ve also included extra resources for each tip, so you can continue to learn Korean and grow your skills.

Learn the Core 100 Korean Words

In every language, there are about 100 words that make up around 50% of all spoken speech.

Crazy, isn’t it?

A lot of these words are small, connecting words like “the” and “in” in English. But there are many common nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs we use all the time. Korean is no different.

So check out this article to learn the 100 core Korean words you need to know.

Keep in mind though, that it’s also important to learn words relevant to you, specifically. That’s where our next tip comes in.

Create a Korean Script

Take a look at the phrases above we already covered. Let’s say you asked someone what their hobbies are. Then they asked, “What about you?”

Well, do you know how to say your hobbies in Korean?

If not, then it’s time to make a script!

Write out how you think your conversation may go. Script your answers, so when you’re asked questions, you know how to respond. Like this:

“What are your hobbies?” 취미가 뭐니? chwimiga mwoni

“I like to play guitar and watch Star Wars.” 기타를 연주하고 스타 워즈를 보는 것을 좋아해요. gita-leul yeonjuhago seuta wojeu-leul boneun geoseul johahaeyo

If you think the conversation may dig deeper into that topic, take it even further:

“Cool! I love Star Wars, too. Which Episode is your favorite?” 대박! 나도 스타 워즈를 좋아해요. 가장 좋아하는 에피소드는 뭐니? Daebak! Nado seuta wojeu-leul johahaeyo. Gajang johaha-neun episode-neun mwoni?

“I really love Episode 5: Empire Strikes Back. I didn’t like the latest movie, The Rise of Skywalker.” Empire Strikes Back을 정말 좋아합니다. 최신 영화 The Rise of Skywalker가 마음에 좋아하지 않아요. Empire Strikes Back-eul jeongmal johahaeyo. Choesin yeonghwa The Rise of Skywalker-ga maeume johahaji anhayo.

(I’m not speaking from personal preference or anything…)

Boom.

You know how to talk about things you care about during your conversation!

Here are some more tips for creating a language exchange script and how to find a partner.

Start Speaking Korean from Day One

Next step? Start speaking. Today. Right now.

You’ve got this list of phrases. You’re working on your Korean script. Now start saying them out loud and often. Repeat them every day.

Get used to how Korean sounds are formed with your mouth and how they sound rolling off your tongue.

Depending on your native language, that can be quite a change. So to prevent stumbling in-person, get used to saying the things you want to say.

Speaking from day one is the whole basis of our language learning method here at Fluent in 3 Months, and that’s because it works.

Check out more tips for how to speak in your target language.

Master Your Korean Pronunciation

Now that you’re speaking, you’ll need to work on your pronunciation.

Korean pronunciation is a bit different from English and other European languages. It takes some getting used to. It takes even more practice to listen and understand.

The best way to master your Korean pronunciation is to listen often and repeat always.

My favorite way to do that is with KoreanClass101. It’s the best Korean podcast out there, with all kinds of lessons to help you learn Korean fast. They even have lessons on pronunciation.

You can pop in your headphones, and practice repeating while cleaning the house. Or play it in the car during your commute.

The key is getting used to how Korean sounds, learning to understand what is spoken and getting comfortable saying it yourself.

Check out KoreanClass101 here to work on your pronunciation.

Learn How to Read Korean Hangul

Wait… why learn how to read Korean if your goal is to speak?

Well, it’s because the romanization of Korean words is not consistent. If you base the sound on how it’s romanized, you’ll most likely mispronounce the word.

That’s where hangul comes in. If you know how to read hangul, you’ll be able to pronounce Korean better.

You aren’t trying to make Korean fit the limited sounds in English. Instead, you’re learning it as it’s designed to sound.

Besides, when you can read hangul, you can get into all kinds of amazing Korean resources with ease. That’s where the fun really starts!

This is a handy guide to learn Hangul fast. You can also check out these tips to make learning Korean easy.

Ace Your First Conversation with These Korean Phrases

Now you’re ready to have conversations in Korean. Way to go!

Any helpful Korean phrases I’m missing on this list? Leave me a comment and let me know!

The post 67 Practical Korean Phrases to Ace Your First Korean Conversation appeared first on Fluent in 3 months - Language Hacking and Travel Tips.

How to Use Reflexive Verbs in Spanish – Easy-to-Follow Guide with Reflexive Verbs List

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Do you need help learning how to use reflexive verbs in Spanish? You’ve come to the right place.

In this post, you’ll find:

an explanation of what reflexive verbs are and how to use reflexive verbs in Spanisha list of common reflexive verbs in SpanishSpanish reflexive verbs conjugationexamples of Spanish sentences with reflexive verbsthe Spanish reflexive pronouns

Wait! Don’t run away just yet. Reflexive verbs aren’t some alien concept or the strange cousin of the subjunctive tense. In fact, if you know a few words in basic Spanish, you probably already know at least one reflexive verb.

Not convinced? Let me show you.

¡Hola! Me llamo Benny. (“Hi! I’m Benny.”)

You probably didn’t need the translation, did you? And if you already know the verb llamarse, then you already know a reflexive verb.

See? It’s not rocket science. And I’ll keep things simple with easy explanations like this through the whole post.

So, jump onto the spaceship! Direction: Planet “Reflexive Verbs, Spanish Version.”

¡Vamos! (“Let’s go!”)

Reflexive Verbs in Spanish: What Is a Reflexive Verb?

While we’re on our way to this foreign planet, let me explain what we’ll have to deal with once we land.

Reflexive verbs are those whose subject and direct object are the same person.

Let’s kick grammar out of the hatch for a second and translate that into everyday “earth person” language: with reflexive verbs, the doer of the action and the receiver of the action are the same.

Still sounds like Martian? Let’s simplify it even more with an example: “I wash myself.”

As you can see in this sentence, the subject (“I”) realizes the action (“wash”) which is received by “myself”... The same person who’s doing the action.

How would that look like in Spanish? Let’s use the same verb we used as the English example, Me lavo, for this explanation.

First thing, remember subject pronouns (like “I” or “you”) are rarely used in Spanish. They are implied in the tense of the verb. As you can see, there is no subject pronoun in the above sentence, but I’ll include it to make the explanation clearer. This leaves us with Yo me lavo.

In Yo me lavo, the subject pronoun is yo (“I”), the action is lavar (“wash”), and the reflexive pronoun is me (“myself”).

Can you spot the differences with the English verb phrase? I have a few to tell you about.

How to Use Reflexive Verbs in Spanish

Unlike English, the reflexive pronoun comes before the verb in Spanish. And this is not the only weird thing about reflexive pronouns.

Spanish reflexive verbs include a reflexive pronoun in infinitive mode: se.

Se works as a suffix and is attached to the verb. It’s the only way you have to identify a reflexive verb when it is in infinitive mode.
Many Spanish reflexive verbs become different verbs when used without their reflexive pronoun. Look at the example I gave you in the introduction: llamarse (“to be called”) becomes llamar (“to call”).

We have no time for more elaboration. One of the signals in the cockpit has just come to life, warning us that we’re getting close to our destination. We better speed things up and prepare for landing.

The first process we have to activate is the knowledge of Spanish reflexive pronouns.

Spanish Reflexive Pronouns

Can you remember the 13 Spanish subject pronouns from your first Spanish astronaut drills? There are almost twice as many of them as there are English subject pronouns.

yo
I


tú
you, informal singular


vos
you, informal singular in som Latin American countries


él / ella / usted
he / she / you, formal singular


nosotros / nosotras
we, masculine / we, feminine


vosotros / vosotras
you, informal plural only in Spain, masculine / you, feminine


ellos / ellas / ustedes
they, masculine / they, feminine / you, plural

But everything changes with reflexive pronouns. For once, English has the most. In fact, there are seven English reflexive pronouns while Spanish only has five of them.

Spanish subject pronouns
Spanish reflexive pronouns
English reflexive pronouns




yo
me*
myself


tú / vos
te
yourself (informal)


él / ella / usted
se
himself/herself/yourself (formal)


nosotros / nosotras
nos
ourselves


vosotros / vosotras
os
yourselves (informal, exclusively used in Spain)


ellos / ellas / ustedes
se
themselves/yourselves (formal in Spain, standard in Latin America)

Which is good, because it’s easier for you to learn and remember them.

When Do You Use Reflexive Verbs in Spanish?

Successful landing! Before we open the hatch, let’s review the rules that apply in this new world.

Make sure you remember the following facts.

Spanish Direct Object Pronouns and Indirect Object Pronouns Aren’t the Same as Spanish Reflexive Pronouns

Some Spanish direct object and indirect object pronouns look and sound as the Spanish reflexive pronouns. Don’t let that confuse you!

Reflexive pronouns
Direct object pronouns
Indirect object pronouns




me
me ("me")
me ("me / to me / for me")


te
te ("you")
te ("you / to you / for you")


se
lo ("him / it / you") / *la ("her / it / you")
les ("him, her, you / to him, her, you / for him, her, you")


nos
nos ("us")
nos ("us / to us / for us")


os
os ("you")
os ("you / to you / for you")


se
los / las ("them / you")
les ("them, you / to them, you / for them, you")

Don’t mistake verb phrases that include a direct pronoun for reflexive verbs!

Examples:

Yo la llamo Ana porque es su nombre (“I call her Ana because it’s her name.”) → Verb phrase with a direct object pronounYo les llamo por teléfono todos los días (“I call them on the phone every day”) → Verb phrase with an indirect object pronounYo me llamo Benny → Reflexive verb

Remember: with reflexive verbs, the subject pronoun and the receiver of the action are the same person/thing.

I talk more about Spanish pronouns right here, so click away if you’d like more explanations.

English and Spanish Do Not Work the Same Way

Spanish reflexive verbs do not always translate to reflexive verbs in English. English reflexive verbs are not always an appropriate translation of Spanish reflexive verbs.

Examples:

Me llamo Benny - “My name is Benny.” There is no reflexive verb in this sentence.Me recuerdo - This phrase is generally used as “I remember” and not “I remember myself”.



To Be Reflexive or Not to Be Reflexive?

Some Spanish verbs have interchangeable reflexive and non-reflexive forms. They carry the same meaning.

Examples:

Yo recuerdo esto - “I remember that.”Yo me recuerdo esto - “I remember that.”

These are rare, but don’t be surprised if you come across one during future expeditions.

There Are Many Spanish Reflexive Verbs

There are many more reflexive verbs in Spanish than there are in English. Plus, many commonly used Spanish verbs are reflexive. Think of the verbs irse (“to go”), dormirse (“to sleep”), and vestirse (“to dress oneself”).

Alright, we’re ready to leave the spaceship for exploration! Before you jump down, remember to take your map: “Reflexive Verbs, Spanish List”.

A List of Common Reflexive Verbs in Spanish

Ready to navigate your way around common reflexive verbs terrain?? Great, let me hand you the map.

Spanish verb group
Spanish reflexive verb
English translation




3
aburrirse
to be bored, get bored


1
acercarse
to come closer


1
acordarse
to remember


1
alegrarse
to rejoice


2
atreverse
to dare


1
bañarse
to bath


1
casarse
to get married


1
comprarse
to buy (something) for oneself


2
creerse
to believe, to believe oneself


1
darse
to give oneself


3
decirse
to tell oneself


1
dedicarse
to dedicate oneself


1
despertarse
to wake up, to stand up


3
dormirse
to sleep, to fall asleep


1
ducharse
to take a shower


1
encontrarse
to find oneself


1
enfermarse
to get sick


1
enterarse
to learn, to find out


1
fijarse
to realize


1
hablarse
to talk to oneself


2
hacerse
to make oneself, to act


1
imaginarse
to imagine


3
irse
to go, to go away


1
lavarse
to wash oneself


1
levantarse
to wake up, to stand up


1
llamarse
to be named


2
meterse
to put oneself, to get, to mess around


1
olvidarse
to forget


1
peinarse
to brush or groom one's hair


2
ponerse
to put oneself, to become


1
preguntarse
to ask oneself


1
preocuparse
to be procupied


1
quedarse
to stay, to remain


3
referirse
to refer oneself


3
reirse
to laugh


1
sentarse
to sit


3
sentirse
to feel


2
verse
to see oneself, to look


3
vestirse
to dress oneself

As you can see, there are 39 different Spanish reflexive verbs in this list. Our next step is to explore their conjugation.

The thing is... They don’t all conjugate in the same way. But don’t worry! The Fluent in 3 Months team thought of everything before sending our mission to this planet. I know how to make the conjugation easier for you to grasp.

Reflexive Conjugation, Spanish Edition

First of all, let me reassure you: we are not going to meddle with fancy tenses (subjunctive who?). As this is our first exploration mission on this planet, we’ll take it slow and only talk about the present tense.

Now let’s get on with it.

There are three groups of verbs in Spanish:

first group, with verbs that end in -arsecond group, with verbs that end in -erthird group, with verbs that end in -ir

The purpose of a group is to gather all the verbs that conjugate in the same way: verb root + defined group conjugation.

But some verbs do not follow this pattern: they either change their root or the whole verb altogether. I will point them out and conjugate them.

Present Tense Conjugation of Spanish Reflexive Verbs, -ar Verbs

All the -ar verbs marked conjugate like acercarse...

Acercarse - "to get closer"

me acerco
I get closer


(with tú) *te acercas
you get closer


(with *vos*) *te acercás
you get closer


se acerca
he / she / it gets closer / you get closer


nos acercamos
we get closer


os acercáis
you get closer


se acercan
they / you get closer

… except:

Acordarse - "to remember"

me acuerdo
I remember


(with tú) te acuerdas
you remember


(with vos) te acordás
you remember


se acuerda
he / she / it remembers / you remember


nos acordamos
we remember


os acordáis
you remember


se acuerdan
they / you remember

Darse - "to give oneself"

Note: Darse is usually used in darse cuenta (“to realize”). Cuenta is a noun and doesn’t need conjugation.

me doy
I give myself


te das
you give yourself


se da
he gives himself / she gives herself / it gives itself / you give yourself


nos damos
we give ourselves


os dais
you give yourselves


se dan
they give themselves / you give yourselves

Despertarse - “to wake up”

me despierto
I wake up


(with tú) te despiertas
you wake up


(with vos) te despertás
you wake up


se despierta
he / she / it wakes up / you wake up


nos despertamos
we wake up


os despertáis
you wake up


se despiertan
they wake up / you wake up

Encontrarse - “to find oneself”

me encuentro
I find myself


(with tú) te encuentras
you find yourself


(with vos) te encontrás
you find yourself


se encuentra
he finds himself / she finds herself / it finds itself / you find yourself


nos encontramos
we find ourselves


os encontráis
you find yourselves


se encuentran
they find themselves / you find yourselves

Sentarse - “to sit”

me siento
I sit


(with *tú*) *te sientas
you sit


(with *vos*) *te sentás
you sit


se sienta
he / she / it sits / you sit


nos sentamos
we sit


os sentáis
you sit


se sientan
they / you sit







Present Tense Conjugation of Spanish Reflexive Verbs, -er Verbs

All the verbs marked as belonging to the -er group of Spanish verbs conjugate like atreverse...

Atreverse - "to dare"

me atrevo
I dare


(with *tú*) *te atreves
you dare


(with *vos*) *te atrevés
you dare


se atreve
he / she / it dares / you dare


nos atrevemos
we dare


os atrevéis
you dare


se atreven
they / you dare

… except:

Hacerse - “to make oneself, to act”

Note: The only irregularity with hacerse is the root of the verb at the first person singular. The rest of the conjugation follows the normal second group pattern.

me hago
I make myself


(with tú) te haces
you make yourself


(with vos) te hacés
you make yourself


se hace
he makes himself / she makes herself / it makes itself / you make yourself


nos hacemos
we make ourselves


os hacéis
you make yourselves


se hacen
they make themselves / you make yourselves

Ponerse - “to become, to put oneself, to put on, to start”

me pongo
I become


(with tú) te pones
you become


(with vos) te ponés
you become


se pone
he / she / it becomes / you become


nos ponemos
we become


os ponéis
you become


se ponen
they / you become







Present Tense Conjugation of Spanish Reflexive Verbs, -ir Verbs

Funnily enough, almost none of the third group of verbs follow the verb root + defined group conjugation formula. Here are their different conjugations for -ir verbs.

Aburrirse - “to be bored, to get bored”

me aburro
I am bored


(with tú) te aburres
you are bored


(with vos) te aburrís
you are bored


se aburre
he / she / it is bored / you are bored


nos aburrimos
we are bored


os aburrís
you are bored


se aburren
they / you are bored

Decirse - "to tell oneself"

me digo
I tell myself


(with tú) te dices
I tell myself


(with vos) te decís
you tell yourself


se dice
he tells himself / she tells herself / it tells itself / you tell yourself


nos decimos
we tell ourselves


os decís
you tell yourselves


se dicen
they tell themselves / you tell yourselves

Dormirse - “to sleep, to fall asleep”

me duermo
I fall asleep


(with tú) te duermes
you fall asleep


(with vos) te dormís
you fall asleep


se duerme
he / she / it falls asleep / you fall asleep


nos dormimos
we fall asleep


os dormís
you fall asleep


se duermen
they / you fall asleep

Irse - “to leave, to go”

irse ("to go")


me voy
I go


te vas
you go


se va
he / she / it goes / you go


nos vamos
we go


os vais
you go


se van
they / you go

Referirse (a) - “to refer (to)”

me refiero
I refer


(with *tú*) *te refieres
you refer


(with *vos*) *te referís
you refer


se refiere
he / she / it refers / you refer


nos referimos
we refer


os referís
you refer


se refieren
they / you refer

Reírse - “to laugh, to make fun”

me río
I laugh'


(with tú) te ríes
you laugh


(with vos) te reís
you laugh


se ríe
he / she / it laughs / you laugh


nos reímos
we laugh


os reís
you laugh


se ríen
they / you laugh

Sentirse - “to feel”

me siento
I feel


(with tú) te sientes
you feel


(with vos) te sentís
you feel


se siente
he / she / it feels / you feel


nos sentimos
we feel


os sentís
you feel


se sienten
they / you feel

Vestirse - “to dress”

me visto
I dress myself


(with tú) te vistes
you dress yourself


(with vos) te vestís
you dress yourself


se viste
he dresses himself / she dresses herself / it dresses itself / you dress yourself


nos vestimos
we dress ourselves


os vestís
you dress yourselves


se visten
they dress themselves / you dress yourselves







If You Still Need Help With Reflexive Verbs in Spanish

Mission accomplished! We have samples to take home for further study. Time to reactivate the reactors and enjoy the ride back.

However... Are you serious about becoming fluent in Spanish? Then you will need more expeditions to the Spanish reflexive verbs planet. Let me tell you about the best spaceships to board.

The first is the Spanish Uncovered course. My fellow language-adventurer Olly Richards leads your journey to an intermediate Spanish-speaker level. To do so, he explores the world of reflexive verbs and much more. Find more information about the course in Elizabeth's review.

Secondly, check my list of the best resources for Spanish learning. They’re galactically good and will help you improve your Spanish on many levels.

Ahora Nos Decimos “Hasta Pronto” - “Now, We Tell Each Other See You Soon”

Smooth landing on Earth!

It’s time for you to run to your friends and boast about the discoveries you made. Be kind though, not everyone had the chance to go on spacial Spanish adventures

22 Things I Learned about Russian Culture from 6 Years Living in Russia

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After six years of living in Russia, I learned a lot about Russian culture.

Whether you’re learning Russian, planning to visit Russia, or just curious about the country, it’s good to know about the culture.

I want to give you an “insider’s view” of Russian culture, so this article is written from the perspective of a native English speaker who has spent years living in Russia after falling in love with the country.

I’m hoping that the details of Russian culture facts and Russian customs I share will open your eyes to the Russian way of life, and will help you fall in love with Russia, too.

Oh, and if you want to speak a little Russian, I’ll also share some useful phrases and vocabulary connected to each topic.

Let’s get started. Удачи (udachi), good luck!

What is Russia Like?

Probably the most famous observation on Russia by a foreigner remains former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill’s remark of Russia being “a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma”, but don’t let this put you off!

In reality, modern Russia has a lot in common with the West, and comes with an incredible level of personal hospitality should you start making Russian friends.

What is Russia Known for?

Russia has made some incredible contributions to the world, from Mendeleev’s Periodic Table of the Elements to Google co-founder Sergei Brin’s technical wizadry.

Further back in time, Russia was also the first country to put a man in space and has also contributed to world literature through greats such as Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoyevsky.

How Russian Names Work

Each Russian first name can have a large range of diminutive forms. Got a friend called Alexander? You may hear him referred to as Sasha, Sanya or even Sashenka in conversation. And if you’re talking to someone significantly older than you, or to someone in a position of authority (e.g. your boss) you may also hear their first name and patronymic used. Russian splits ‘you’ into formal and informal (ты [ty] with friends вы (vy)] with people you don’t know or need to respect).

Introductions: How to Greet People in Russian

For breaking the ice, the phrase давайте познакомимся (davayte poznakomimsya) or ‘let’s get to know each other’ will always come in useful. Men generally shake hands with other men on meeting, while men shaking hands with women is a little uncommon outside of business. For a few more introductory phrases, this article on 15 Ways to Say “Hello” in Russian will be well worth your time.

Do Russian People Speak English?

Compared to most European countries, English is not very widely spoken in Russia. That said, younger Russians are more likely to have a basic grasp of English.

Despite this, many English words have made it into modern Russian, from юзать (yuzat’, “to use’”) to бизнес ланч (biznes lanch, “business lunch”). If you’re at a loose end, try asking Здесь кто-нибудь говорит по-английски? (Zdes’ kto-nibud’ govorit po-angliyski?, “Does anyone here speak English?”)

House Rules in Russian Culture

When entering a Russian house, going barefoot is definitely a no-no. You’ll be provided with тапочки (tapochki) or slippers to change into. Bring a small gift for your host (a bottle of wine or dessert will do just fine).

If alcohol is offered, you may need to propose a toast. Try the following: Я желаю вам счастья/крепкого здоровья/любви! (Ya zhelayu vam shastya/krepkovo zdorov’ya/lybvi!, “I wish you happiness/excellent health/love!”) Stronger drinks are followed with закуски (zakuski), such as pickles, огурцы (ogurtsy). If you need to refuse a drink, the phrase “I don’t drink” - Я не пью алкоголь (Ya ne p’yu alkogol’) should come in handy.

Superstitions in Russian Culture

Don’t whistle indoors, as according to Russian traditions it’s a sure-fire way to lose money. If you’re unmarried, sitting at the corner of a table will mean you’ll stay single, and shaking hands through the front door, порог (porog) should be avoided due to bad luck.

Making Small Talk in Russian

You may get asked questions in Russia that seem a little invasive, such as:

“Are you married?”: вы женаты (vy zhenaty?, asking a man) or вы замужем? (vy zamuzhem?, asking a woman)“Why not?”: Почему нет? (pochemu nyet?)“What’s your salary?”: Какая у вас зарплата? (kakaya u vas zarplata?)



Gender Roles in Russian Culture

Russian gender roles are generally more traditional and set in stone than those of other European countries, with women expected to marry and have children early and men expected to do most physical tasks.

Getting Around in Russian Cities

In Moscow, public transport is entirely card-based. In other cities, you’ll find a network of minibuses or маршрутки is often your quickest way to get around. They won’t stop at every point along the way, so you’ll need to get the attention of the driver with: Остановитесь пожалуйста! (Octanovites’ pozhaluista!, “please stop”) to get out. Men should be ready to give up their seat to the elderly or to women when on public transport. If things get a little crowded on the metro, you’ll often be asked: вы выходите на следующей? (vy vykhodite na sleduyushey?, “getting out at the next stop?”)

Long-distance Travel in Russia

If you need to travel to another city, a long-distance train or поезд (poezd) is on the cards. You’ll probably be the only foreigner on the train, so don’t be surprised if this generates a bit of interest! Other passengers are often quite talkative, and may even share food with you.

If you’re travelling overnight, remember to return your bed linen or постель (postel’) to the end of the carriage just before arrival. Each carriage has its own attendant, called the проводник (provodnik, male attendant) or проводница (provodnitsa, female attendant) who will take your tickets and manage any issues on the journey.

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Russian Food Culture

When summer arrives, Russian parks are filled with the scent of шашлык (shashlyk, meat on a skewer). Many areas have public мангалы (mangaly) or barbeque grills available, so you can turn up with your own coal, invite your friends and get cooking.

When in a restaurant with friends, splitting the bill is standard, but if it’s a date, men should pay. Ask the waiter or waitress for the bill using the phrase счет пожалуйста (shot pozhaluista).

Russian Weddings - You Should Go!

If you ever get the chance to attend a Russian wedding, you’ll be in for an incredible day.

Truly the highlight of Russian celebrations, wedding festivities will usually start out at the ЗАГС (ZAGS), or registry office, take a tour around the city for photos at local landmarks and proceed to a restaurant for the afternoon/evening.

You’ll hear attendees chanting горько! (gorko!) spontaneously throughout the day, meaning ‘bitter’ which is a cue for the couple to kiss, supposedly to sweeten the atmosphere. It’s usually customary to give money to the couple as a gift.

Birthdays in Russian Culture

For close friends and family, it’s customary to give them a short phone call with your best wishes on their birthday. Try the following: Желаю тебе счастя/отличного здоровья/много денег (zhelayu teb’ya shastya/otlichnovo zdorov’ya/mnoga deneg, “I wish you happiness/excellent health/a lot of money”).

If you’re invited to a restaurant for a birthday, the host may well pay. Bring a gift for the person celebrating. Don’t forget to use the short phrase: c днем рождения! (s dnyom rozhdeniya!, “happy birthday!’”).

The Russian Sauna

If you get the chance to visit a Russian sauna or баня (banya), you’re in for a good time!

Public saunas will be separated into men’s and women’s sections, and the general expectation is that you’ll wear nothing but your birthday suit.

There will be a cold water pool that you can use to cool down in between steam sessions, and attendees hit each other lightly with веники (veniki, “birch branches”) to improve circulation. You can wish others a good steam session with the common phase: С легким паром (s lyokhkim parom)!

Russia’s Soviet Heritage

While Russia’s Soviet past is slowly slipping away, traces of the Советский Союз (Sovetskiy Soyuz) or Soviet Union can be seen everywhere you go in both statues and architectural styles. Older Russians are often fond of the Soviet times, and you’ll hear stories begin with: Во времена Советского Союза... (Vo vryemyena Sovyetskovo Soyuza..., “During the Soviet Union”).

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Ice Skating in Russia

If you’re lucky enough to be out in winter, try your hand at ice skating. Outdoor rinks are common, and VDNKh (ВДНХ) in Moscow is home to Europe’s largest skating rink. You’ll be able to hire коньки (kon’ki) or skates if you don’t have your own.

Russian Beliefs and Faith

Russian belief is mostly founded on the Orthodox faith, with Islam and other faiths also represented. Russian cultural beliefs are also drawn from other sources such as superstitions, суеверия (sueveriya) and folklore.

Park Life in Russian Culture

If you live in a big city, where can you go to relax on the weekend? The park, of course!

The most famous of these has to be Gorky Park (Парк Горкого) where you can hire a bike, roller skate or just grab a coffee and set off for a stroll. Another popular outdoor space is the courtyard, or двор (dvor) next to most apartment blocks that are a hive of activity, often with a playground for kids and a few benches where residents sit and talk.

Russian Values

Russian culture today has a huge Western influence, with Russian lifestyle particularly among younger citizens having a similar iPhone-sporting and Instagram-snapping character to others their age worldwide. Yet a “family first” attitude still prevails, with sons and daughters often living with their parents until marriage, and sometimes afterward, as shown by the proverb Вся семья вместе, так и душа на месте (Vsya syem’ya vmyestye, tak i dusha na myeste, “When the family is together, the soul feels good”).

International Women’s Day is a Big Deal

While you may have heard of International Women’s Day, you may not have realised that it’s a pretty big day in Russia! If you’re a man, it’s time to pick up flowers for the women in your life! The male equivalent Defender of the Fatherland Day, on 23rd of February, is less celebrated, but still out there.

Literature and Russian Art

The Russian soul is often expressed through the country’s rich canon of literature. The best known are Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky. More modern writers worth checking out include Viktor Pelevin and Lyudmila Ulitskaya. The Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow is considered the home of Russian art and is well worth a visit.

I hope this article has furnished you with a few Russian facts to inspire your learning, and don’t forget to check out 50+ Incredible Russian Listening Resources to continue sharpening your Russian skills!

The post 22 Things I Learned about Russian Culture from 6 Years Living in Russia appeared first on Fluent in 3 months - Language Hacking and Travel Tips.

3 Language Lessons I Learned on my First Visit to France

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I was sitting on a plane for a 4-hour flight from home. My sister and I were traveling for the first time to France. I was ready to speak French with anyone. I was eager to (parler la langue de Molière*.

From Fluent in 3 Months and Benny, I learned you can create an immersion environment at home. You can be exposed to a language just like being abroad while traveling. For me, traveling to France was my final exam.

For about a year I had prepared for that moment. I chose to stay away from classrooms and universities to learn French. Instead, I took private lessons with tutors online. I listened to podcasts. I talked to language exchange partners. But after all that preparation, I wasn't completely ready. I still had some lessons to learn about languages and travel. These are the three lessons I learned about languages during my first trip to France.

Lesson 1: Don't Fall into the Temptation of Speaking English

After a short stop in Barcelona, I was in a tram with my sister crossing the Pont de Pierre in Bordeaux, France. It was our first day in France! I was holding my cell phone with Google Maps open. I wanted to make sure we were on the right tram and going in the right direction.

Down the bridge, the tram suddenly stopped. Everybody started to get off the tram. I asked a couple of locals next to us what was happening. It was the last stop that day.

We were kilometers away from our hotel. It was at least a 15-minute walk. When we got off the tram, the locals we’d chatted with asked us if we knew our way to the hotel and they offered to take us there.

I was surprised and worried. The guy asked us to meet them on the next street. We started to walk to our hotel anyways.

They kindly took us to our hotel. I tried to break the ice and start some small talk to show our gratitude. But, there was one small thing. They talked in English all the way to the hotel. I kept answering all their questions in French. It was a bilingual conversation.

This is the first lesson I learned. When you travel and connect with locals, you want to practice your target language. And, they want to practice their target language too. Most of the time, conversations end up being in English. Don't think they're rude or your level isn't advanced enough. Appreciate the fact they want to make you feel comfortable speaking in your own language. Just keep speaking your target language. Don't fall into the temptation of speaking in English.

If you find yourself in a situation like this one, you can use these phrases:

Désolé, je voudrais parler francais. Je suis ici pour améliorer mon français. - “Sorry, I would like to speak French. I'm here to improve my French”J'ai besoin de pratiquer mon français. On peut parler en français? - “I need to practice my French. Can we speak in French?”



Lesson 2: Learn Vocabulary to Suit Your Needs (Or, How I Created a Security Alert at a French Airport!)

During our trip, we were at the airport near Bordeaux. After a 40-minute ride from Bordeaux, we were ready to head to our next destination. Our stay in France wasn't over yet. We arrived on time at the airport, and we didn't have to rush to find our gate.

At this point, I was used to taking off my shoes and belt, and emptying my pockets. While I went through security, getting my backpack scanned, the officer asked: carte d'embarquement!. I was shocked. I couldn't understand those words. If my brain would have been a computer, it would have returned "file not found". He continued to ask carte d'embarquement...carte d'embarquement. I had no idea what he was asking for. I was about to raise suspicions because of how nervous I was.

Then, I guessed he was asking me for my boarding pass. It's obvious now. I felt embarrassed later when he asked me if I spoke French. I couldn't make my way through security. But, a few minutes before, I was talking to the taxi driver without any effort on our way to the airport.

This situation taught me the second lesson. Learn vocabulary to suit your needs. I didn't prepare to board a flight. In fact, I didn't study any vocabulary related to airports at all. I could talk about the news and books I had read. I could share about my country with my language partners. But I couldn't make it through security at the airport.

If you're an au pair, you would need different vocabulary than a businessman or a tourist. If you're a tourist, you will need to learn how to call your hotel to change your reservation or order a typical dish at a restaurant. (These days, you can use an app for these situations, but this isn't the point). Create your own phrasebook for the situations you will likely find during your travels.

Make sure to use flashcards or space repetition apps like Anki to continuously review your vocabulary. Please, don't forget to learn how to answer to an officer at security or customs asking for your boarding pass.

Here are four handy phrases you can use at customs:

*Je vais rester seulement pendant une semaine en France.” - “I'm staying for only one week in France.”“Voici mon billet d'avion et ma réservation d'hôtel.” - “Here's my ticket and my hotel reservation.”J'ai ma carte d'embarquement dans mon portable. - “I have my boarding pass on my cell phone.”J'ai une carte de crédit et 300 euros en espèces. - “I have a traveller's card and 300 euros in cash.”



Lesson 3: Mistakes are Progress - Embrace it When Locals Correct Your Language Skills

After enjoying a great time, my travels were coming to an end. This time, we were again at the airport heading back home. We arrived so early that we couldn't get into the waiting room. Our flight was the last one of the day. I was hungry so I walked around to find a place to eat.

With a few euros left in my pocket, I was looking for une formule. Maybe a sandwich and a canned soda. I found only one cafe still open. This cafe offered une formule with desert included. The waitress pointed in the menu all the options she still had available. I wanted to check if all the desserts on the shelf were included in the options she told me. So I asked: n'importe quoi?. I meant: any dessert?. Then the waitress corrected me: n'importe quel. I had no choice but to accept the correction, repeat the question with the correction and say thanks. I just had a free language lesson.

Mistakes are part of the learning process. In fact, mistakes are progress. A toddler falls down so many times before walking. He isn't afraid of failing. He gets up and tries again. Don't be afraid of making mistakes. Nobody is going to make fun of you or your mistakes. Take every interaction with locals as a learning opportunity. Often you will find they are kind and willing to help. Most locals will appreciate the fact you're learning their language.

While ordering at cafes, you can use these three phrases:

Je peux régler par carte? Voici ma carte et mon passport. - “Can I pay with a credit card? Here it's my card and my passport.”Vous avez quelque formule pour le petit déjeuner? - “Do you have any options/combo for breakfast?”Je vais prendre un américain et un déca, sil vous plait. - “I'll have an American and a decaffeinated coffee, please.”



Travel is Addictive!

Traveling and languages are addictive. Once you start, you can’t stop.

Traveling can change our lives. And our experiences with languages, too. Being abroad pushes your target language to its limits. The next time you travel to learn or practice a language, take advantage of total immersion. Turn on the TV while you stay in the hotel, pay attention to conversations around you. Enjoy every moment surrounded by your language.

My sister learned a couple of French words: salut, bonjour, au revoir and lait. She had the chance to use those words. Especially lait (“milk”) every day at breakfast.

If you go to Bordeaux, chances are you will find that nice couple in the tram, too. Say “hi” to them from me and continue to speak in French.

Happy language learning!

The post 3 Language Lessons I Learned on my First Visit to France appeared first on Fluent in 3 months - Language Hacking and Travel Tips.

How to Say “Sleep” in Spanish

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There are two main words for sleep in Spanish:

Sueño is the noun for “sleep” in Spanish.Dormir is the verb “to sleep” in Spanish.

So:

“I like sleep” in Spanish is me gusta sueño.“I like to sleep” in Spanish is me gusta dormir.

It’s also worth knowing that the word for “nap” in Spanish is siesta.

And that’s the basics!

But… there is so much more to learn about sleep in Spanish.

So, if you want to learn:

How to use the verb dormir (“to sleep”) in different Spanish sentences (e.g. I sleep, you slept, they are sleeping)The difference between the noun and the verb for “sleep” in SpanishHow to say “I’m sleepy”, “I’m tired”, “go to sleep” and “sleep well” in SpanishThe words for “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star” in SpanishHow to ask "Did you sleep well?" in SpanishSpanish expressions related to sleep (e.g. "to sleep like a baby")How to make snoring sounds in SpanishSpanish podcasts to learn Spanish while you sleepAnd even how to book a hotel room in Spanish (for sleeping, of course!)

...then read on, and I’ll explain it all.

Plus I’ll share way more about how to talk about sleep in Spanish. It’s basically a “how to talk about sleep in Spanish 101” guide.

“But why learn sleep-related vocabulary?” you may wonder.

The answer is simple! Sleeping is one of our primary needs, so it is often at the core of human preoccupations. If you’re going to visit a Spanish-speaking country, you will have to find a place to sleep. If you plan on interacting with Hispanics, the topic might pop up in phrases like “I couldn’t sleep last night!” or “I’m going to sleep early, today.” And these are only a few reasons!

Luckily, I’m here to help you become familiar with all the Spanish sleep talk.

Oh, and stay awake until the end, because I’ve put together two special bonuses that are waiting for you! One is a short but essential guide of vocabulary words to book hotel rooms in Spanish (for sleeping, of course!) and the other is a list of tips to learn Spanish while you sleep.

Sounds interesting, right? If you are a fan of your pillow as much as I am of mine, you are going to love this post.

Easy Korean Numbers: Counting in Korean from 1 – 100+

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Learning how to count in Korean is easy. And after this lesson, you’ll be a master with Korean numbers! But I see you’re itching to get started, so let’s dive right in with Korean numbers 1 - 10:

1: 일 (il)2: 이 (i)3: 삼 (sam)4: 사 (sa)5: 오 (o)6: 육 (yuk)7: 칠 (chil)8: 팔 (pal)9: 구 (gu)10: 십 (sip)



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That’s your quick answer. But keep reading, because there’s actually two ways to count in Korean: the Sino-Korean number system and the Native Korean number system.

We’ve got a lot of material to cover, so here’s what you can expect:

Numbers in Korean 1 - 10: Counting in Korean with Sino and Native Korean NumbersNumbers in Korean 10 - 20Numbers in Korean 1 - 100 (with a chart!)Large Korean Numbers: 1 - 1 Trillion!Korean Ordinal NumbersKorean Days of the MonthKorean Counters: How to Count Objects in KoreanHow to Say “Number” in Korean + Helpful VocabLucky Numbers in Korean

Learning Korean numbers and counting will help you level up your Korean skills and speak with ease. After all, we use numbers in most conversations! So while it’s a lot to learn, it’s easy to pick up and remember because you’ll use it often.

By the way, I highly suggest you learn how to read Korean hangul before getting started. It will help immensely with your pronunciation.

Ready to dive in? Let’s go!

Numbers in Korean 1- 10: Counting in Korean

Let’s start with the basics, Korean numbers 1 through 10. After all, these are the numbers you’ll use most often. Whether you’re asking for a table for two or asking for “one of those please,” we often use smaller numbers in everyday life.

So if you’re pressed for time, or just trying to apply the 80/20 rule of vocab, these are the Korean number words you’ll use the most.

The only challenging part? There are two Korean writing systems: Sino-Korean numbers and Native Korean numbers.

(If you’ve studied Japanese before, this may not surprise you. Japanese numbers are the same way.)

Why two systems?

Well, China influenced the writing systems of both Japanese and Korean. Both languages originally used Chinese characters, but then created their own native writing systems: Korean hangul and Japanese kana.

Despite coming up with their own way of writing, they both kept Chinese characters. You see this with hanja (Chinese characters) in Korean.

So, let’s first look at the China System.

Korean Numbers: Sino

The Sino-Korean Numbers, also known as the China System, are what we looked at already:

1: 일 (il)2: 이 (i)3: 삼 (sam)4: 사 (sa)5: 오 (o)6: 육 (yuk)7: 칠 (chil)8: 팔 (pal)9: 구 (gu)10: 십 (sip)

I like using mnemonics to memorize vocabulary, and it’s easy to do here.

For instance, in Korean, 일 (il) can mean “one” or “work.” I remember it by saying, “I’ll work at one o’clock today.” See? “I’ll” is like il, and I’ve included both vocabulary words. Win!

You can also stack them in the same mnemonic sentence: “Oh, yuck. Chill, pal, you’re spitting when you talk. Try counting to calm down… That’s it… 5, 6, 7, 8...” The first four words sound like the Korean words for 5, 6, 7, and 8. I created a distinct image: A guy who’s super angry, he’s spitting while he talks. So, I tell him to count to 10 to cool his jets.

You’ll use the Sino-Korean number system for things like counting money, math, measurements, the names of the months, and phone numbers. It’s also used to talk about time in days, weeks, or years, but not the hour/time on the clock.

Korean Numbers: Native

Now let’s learn the Korea System of numbers. From 1 - 10, it’s:

1: 하나 (hana, but is usually shortened to 한 or han)2: 둘 (dul)3: 셋 (set)4: 넷 (net)5: 다섯 (daseot)6: 여섯 (yeoseot)7: 일곱 (ilgop)8: 여덟 (yeodeol)9: 아홉 (ahop)10: 열 (yeol)



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You can use mnemonics here, too. For example, “I set 3 plates on the table.”

If you know other languages, you can use those to help with mnemonics, too! Hana in Korean means “one”, but “hana” in Japanese means “flower.” I remember it by thinking “hana hana: one flower!”

Find what works for you and take some time here. Memorizing these 10 in both systems will help you with every other number going forward!

The Native Korean numbers are used to talk about the hour in time (but not days, months, or years), age, and counting things and people. In fact, that’s its primary purpose: counting things.

You’ll use this system of numbers most with Korean words called “counters.” They help count different categories of objects or things, like people, books, or cars. We’ll talk about that in a bit.

Numbers in Korean 10 - 20

Counting from 10 to 20 is easy. In Korean, numbers are “stacked” onto each other to create larger numbers. You start with the “tens” number and then add the “ones”. This goes for both counting systems. Here’s an example:

Sino: 십 (sip, “10”) + 일 (il, “one”) = 십일 (sibil, “eleven”)

Native: 열 (yeol, “10”) + 하나 (hana, “one”) = 열하나 (yeolhana)

Based on that, how do you think you make 12?

You’re right, it’s 십 (sip, “10”) + 이 (i, “2”) = 십이 (sibi, “12”). Or, in Native Korean, 열 (yeol, “10”) + 둘 (dul, “2”) = 열둘 (yeoldul, “12”).

In the Sino system, once you get to the next “ten” - which would be 20 -- you stack the “ones” number in front of the “tens”. So it becomes “two tens.”

Sino: 이 (i, “2”) + 십 (sip, “10”) = 이십 (isip, “20”)

But, this changes in the Native Korean system. Instead, “20” becomes 스물 (seumul). You still stack the numbers between the “tens” the same way. But like in English with “twenty, thirty, forty,” each “tens” word changes in Native Korean, too.

Numbers in Korean, a chart of 1 - 100:

In Sino-Korean numbers, we do this same stacking method all the way up to 100. So the only new word you need to learn to count to 100 is, well, 100!

백 (baek) means “100” in Korean. And from this point forward, you would only use Sino-Korean numbers. After 99, Native Korean numbers are no longer in use, so you don’t need to know them.

Anyway, here’s the numbers 1 - 100 in the Sino-Korean system:

[Sino-Korean Numbers Chart]

Now let’s wrap up the Native Korean numbers. As we discussed, you can still stack the “ones” to the “tens.” But we still need to know all the “tens” vocab! So here they are, 10 - 90:

10: 열 (yeol)20: 스물 (seumul)30: 서른 (seoreun)40: 마흔 (maheun)50: 쉰 (swin)60: 예순 (yesun)70: 일흔 (ilheun)80: 여든 (yeodeun)90: 아흔 (aheun)

You won’t hear these too often, but the most common use would be to tell someone your age.

Now here’s the chart of 1 - 99 in the Native Korean system:

[Native Korean Numbers Chart]

Large Korean Numbers: 1 - 1 Trillion!

Now, the number stacking method to create numbers 11-99 works past 100, too. It’s how we can create all the numbers up to 999:

156: 백오 십육 (baek-o sibyuk)489: 사백 팔십 구 (sabaek palsibgu)950: 구백 오십 (gubaek osib)

So, we only need to know the next big number to keep going up to a trillion! Here they are:

1,000: 천 (cheon)10,000: 만 (man)100,000: 십만 (simman)1,000,000: 백만 (baekman)10,000,000: 천만 (cheonman)100,000,000: 일억 (ireok)1,000,000,000: 십억 (sibeok)1,000,000,000,000: 일조 (iljo)

As you can see, from 10,000, smaller numbers start getting added in front of man to make larger numbers.

Simman is just 10 + 10,000, or 10 x 10,000, which makes 100,000. The same is true for baekman which combines 100 + 10,000.

Basically, once you hit 10,000, you start counting in 10,000’s instead of 1,000’s like you do in English.

But notice you don’t need 일 (il, “one”) for these words, except once you hit one trillion. That’s because the word itself explains it.

This is because how Koreans break up their large numbers doesn’t quite match how we do it in English. But don’t worry about that too much! You’ll get used to it naturally as you count in Korean.

You may think you won’t have much need for these larger numbers, but actually, Korean won (원 in hangul) is very small compared to the dollar or euro. For instance, $1 US dollar equals roughly ₩1,180 Korean won. So, you’ll actually see these numbers quite often.

Zero in Korean

There are two ways to say “zero” in Korean. One is 영 (yeong) and the other is 공 (gong). Why two ways? Well, it’s like in English. We often say “oh” or “zero.”

In Korean, they use them very similarly. Where you might say “oh” in English - like in Korean phone numbers - you would use 공 (gong).

But 영 (yeong) is used when you would need to say “zero,” like in math problems.

Korean Ordinal Numbers

We use Native Korean numbers when using ordinal numbers like “first,” “second,” and “third.”

The ordinal number counter word is 번째 (beonjjae). It gets added to the end of each number. But the first four ordinal numbers are a bit different.

“First” changes from 헌 (han, “one”) to 첫 (cheos) and adds the counter 번째 (beonjjae). So “first” in Korean is 첫번째 (cheosbeonjjae).

“Second”, “third”, and “fourth” in Korea use the Native Korean words for “two”, “three”, and “four” but drop the bottom hangul character:

둘 (dul, “two”) → 두번째 (dubeonjjae, “second”) 셋 (set) → 세번째 (sebeonjjae, “third”) 넷 (net) → 네번째 (nebeonjjae, “fourth”)

But, after that, you say the number as normal and add -번째 (beonjjae) to the end. So “fifth” would be 다섯번째 (daseosbeonjjae).

Months and Days in Korean

Now that you know how to count in Korean, learning the days of the month in Korean will be a cinch.

That’s because the months are just the Sino number + the word for month, which is 월 (wol). Take a look:

January: 일월 (irwol)February: 이월 (iwol)March: 섬월 (samwol)April: 서월 (sawol)May: 오월 (owol)June: 유월 (yuwol)July: 칠월 (chirwol)August: 팔월 (parwol)September: 구시월 (guwol)October: 시월 (siwol)November: 십일월 (sibirwol)December: 십이월 (sibiwol)

A quick note here: You’ll usually use the Arabic numeral for the month, such as 1월 instead of 일월. They’re both said *irwol. But to how the months use the number words, I included the hangul instead.*

There two notable changes though: June and October. These two months drop their last consonant to make it easier to pronounce the word.

To say the day, you’ll need to know a couple more words: 년 (nyeon, “year”) and 일 (il, “day”). So if you want to say the date is August 26th, 2020, you’d say 이천이십년 팔월 이십육일 (icheon isibnyeon parwol isib yuk-il). Using Arabic numbers, it’s written like: 2020년 8월 26일.

Notice that in Korean, the year comes first, then the month and day: 2020/08/26.

Korean Counters: How to Count Objects in Korean

In Korean, they have specific words used to count different object categories. These words are called counters.

These counters are used with the Native Korean numbers.

Counters can seem pretty strange to a native English speaker because they’re so many more in Korean than English. But we do use them in English, too. Words like a bundle of hay or a stack of books are similar counters.

In Korean, 개 (gae) is the most common and general counter. You can use it for most non-living things, especially if you don’t know what counter you should be using.

Here are a few other common counters:

For people: 명 (myeong)For animals: 마리 (mari)For books: 권 (gwon)For cars, vehicles, and machinery: 대 (dae)For age: 살 (sal)For paper: 장 (jang)For slices: 조각 (jogak)For time/hours: 시 (si)

So how do you use these counters?

When saying how many of something there are, you say the noun + the Native Korean number + the counter. It looks like this:

빵 한 조각 ppang han jogak “One slice of bread”

딸기일곱개 ttalgi ilgobgae “Seven strawberries”

넷명 net myeong “Four people”

How to Say “Number” in Korean + Helpful Vocab

“Number” in Korean is 숫자 (sutja). It refers to numbers as figures or numerals. So you can’t use it for “numbers” as in a phone number. That would be 번호 (beonho).

Sometimes you may find yourself trying to do simple math in Korean, like when counting money or making change. Here are some words to know:

Math: 수학 (suhak)Plus: 더하기 (deohagi)Minus: 빼기 (ppaegi)Multiply: 곱하기 (gophagi)Divide: 나누기 (nanugi)Point: 소수점 (sosujeom)Half: 반 (ban)Equals: 와 같다 (wa gatda)Total: 총액 (chong-aek)



Lucky Numbers in Korean

Korean superstitions are pretty unique (and this is a great list of many of them!). And like in other countries, they have Korean lucky numbers… and unlucky numbers.

Lucky numbers in Korea are 3, 7, 8, and 9.

3 is a lucky number because of its practicality. It’s related to hard work and generally thought to provide balance.

8 is considered to be a lucky number for wealth, luck, and happiness. Some people may plan important business meetings on the 8th, or even pick the 8th of the month as their wedding day for good luck.

9 is also a lucky number in Korea (whereas it’s an unlucky number in Japan). That’s because it sounds like the word for “long-lasting” in Chinese. So like with 8, this is a popular number to pick for wedding dates, business meetings, or anything important that you want to last.

Like in Chinese and Japanese, the number “4” is a bad number because it’s like the word for “death” in Chinese. It’s avoided whenever possible. Sometimes you’ll see buildings without a 4th floor, for example. And like “Friday the 13th”, some view the 4th of the month to be unlucky, too.

Learning How to Count in Korean is Easy!

See, mastering Korean numbers isn’t so bad. Even considering there are two systems, they’re easy to memorize. I hope you used mnemonics to help the words stick!

Now try putting them to use. One of my favorite tricks for learning numbers is to count down with the microwave when I cook food. Since I have to count backward, it helps me avoid rote memorization and it’s simple to include in my day.

How can you start practicing your numbers? Can you count to 10 in Korean when you’re mad? Or practice telling time in Korean?

The more you use it, the easier it gets!

And why not try learning how to say hello in Korean or watching some addicting Korean TV shows?

Study hard! 화이팅! (hwaiting, “fighting!” or “do your best!”)

The post Easy Korean Numbers: Counting in Korean from 1 – 100+ appeared first on Fluent in 3 months - Language Hacking and Travel Tips.