J. Bradford DeLong's Blog, page 364

About one-fifth of western European cities saw a total ec...

About one-fifth of western European cities saw a total eclipse of the sun during medieval times. Those triggered cities were thereafter more likely to build public mechanical clocks early. And building a clock early boosts your population by a quarter across the centuries. This is either freakish statistical mischance, or a truly great thing: Lars Boerner and Battista Severgnini: Time for Growth: "This paper studies the impact of the early adoption of... the public mechanical clock...

...We avoid endogeneity by considering the relationship between the adoption of clocks with two sets of instruments: distance from the first adopters and the appearance of repeated solar eclipses. The latter instrument is motivated by the predecessor technologies of mechanical clocks, astronomic instruments that measured the course of heavenly bodies. We find significant growth rates between 1500 and 1700 in the range of 30 percentage points in early adoptor cities and areas...

#shouldread

Note to Self: I am pretty good at making sure Twitter doe...

Note to Self: I am pretty good at making sure Twitter does not seize my attention and hack my brain. But many other people are not. Platforms so that you can control aggregators.

How was it that Tim Berners-Lee's Open Web crushed the Walled Gardeners in the 1990s? And how have the Walled Gardeners made their comeback?

And what can be done?: Manton Reece (2014): Microblog Links: "Brent Simmons points to my post on microblogs and asks...

...Is the web we lost gone forever? Was it a brief golden age before the rise of Facebook and Twitter and The Algorithms of Engagement?

But he quickly follows with an alternate view: that it���s a blip and we���ll get back on track.

And that���s what I believe.

Instead of accepting a common opinion that Twitter is slowly replacing RSS readers, we should flip that around. What kind of changes could be made to RSS readers to embrace microblogging and make Twitter itself less important? Because once we do that, we get back control of our own short-form content and at the same time encourage open tools that will survive independent of whatever happens with Twitter and Facebook in the future...

#shouldread
#microblog
#deathofthenetfilmat11

Ten Years Ago Today: May 17, 2008

The Wall Street Journal works for its sources, not its readers: Susanne Craig: Lehman's Straight Shooter: "Finance Chief Callan Brings Cool Jolt of Confidence To Credit-Rattled Street.... After sifting through the numbers for nearly an hour, Ms. Callan coolly answered more than 20 analyst questions. Then she strode down to Lehman's bond-trading desk and high-fived trading executive Peter Hornick. Later that day, bond traders gave her a standing ovation, a Wall Street rite typically reserved for CEOs. Profit had plunged, yet Lehman shares surged 46%.... The 42-year-old Ms. Callan is emerging as a galvanizing force at Lehman and a finance chief who topples much of the conventional wisdom about CFOs. She also is the highest-ranking woman on Wall Street. Many Lehman insiders consider her among the contenders to become the firm's president someday. Unlike Lehman's two previous CFOs, Ms. Callan isn't an accountant and had never worked in the finance department. She embraces television, appearing frequently. She receives a slimmer daily financial summary than her predecessors, relying more on data from the trading-floor contacts built during her 13-year Lehman career...

 

In Grasping Reality:

True then; true now: After the Examination All Professors Are Sad: A Dialogue About Teaching the Wrong Thing: Looking back over my syllabus this semester, I realized that I spent five full weeks... teaching them the Solow growth model... [which] doesn't tell us anything first-order about the world���aside from post-WWII Japanese convergence from a bouncing-rubble B-29 testfield to a prosperous OECD economy.

Political Economy Major "Concentrations" at Berkeley: The highly-intelligent and industrious David Guarino writes: "A few practical constraints.... The fleeting accuracy of course names.... The shadow of regimes past.... The frantic irrationality of a first-week student..."

Philippe Sands: The Torture Memo: "The release of the March 2003 memo gave rise to a further raft of articles. A New York Times editorial described [John] Yoo���s continued employment at Berkeley as 'inexplicable'.... I strongly support academic freedom of expression, including the importance of exposing law students to competing approaches to legal issues. I also appreciate, as Dean Edley explains, that the standard that is to be applied for dismissal is a high one.... I have less sympathy, however, for Dean Edley���s assertion that: 'no argument about what [Yoo] did or didn���t facilitate, or about his special obligations as an attorney, makes his conduct morally equivalent to that of his nominal clients, Secretary Rumsfeld, et al., or comparable to the conduct of interrogators distant in time, rank and place'. Is that right? In our system of government, lawyers play a crucial role, as gatekeepers of legality and constitutionality. When the lawyers bend, when they fail to exercise independent and professional judgment, and when they become handmaidens to policymakers, they cross a line that raises the possibility of ethics violations and possibly even criminal violations..."

After the Examination All Professors Are Sad: A Dialogue About Teaching the Wrong Thing: Hoisted from Ten Years Ago

True then; true now: After the Examination All Professors Are Sad: A Dialogue About Teaching the Wrong Thing: Looking back over my syllabus this semester, I realized that I spent five full weeks... teaching them the Solow growth model... [which] doesn't tell us anything first-order about the world���aside from post-WWII Japanese convergence from a bouncing-rubble B-29 testfield to a prosperous OECD economy...

Akhilleus: You look morose.

Glaukon: It's 99.9F degrees out.

Akhilleus: So you are thinking of Suzanne Vega?

Glaukon: No, the chocolate bar I keep in my backpack has melted all over my backup portable disk drive. But that's not why I am morose.

Akhilleus: So why are you morose then?

Glaukon: Because, looking back over my syllabus this semester, I realized that I spent five full weeks--one third of the semester--teaching them the Solow growth model...

Khelona: It's a fine model...

Glaukon: And yet when the rubber hits the road, it doesn't do us any good. It doesn't tell us anything first-order about the world--aside from post-WWII Japanese convergence from a bouncing-rubble B-29 testfield to a prosperous OECD economy.

Khelona: Actually, I don't think the Solow growth model explains that...

Glaukon: You don't?

Khelona: Post-WWII Japan converged to the OECD norm. And the Solow growth model has some convergence in it--if you start out really poor because your economy's capital stock has been turned into rubble or worse by B-29 strikes, you will grow fast because a low capital stock gives you a high social marginal product of investment and depreciation cannot be a drag on growth if there is no capital to depreciate. But these have always struck me as second- or third-order mechanisms in the story of post-WWII economic growth. Trade. Technology transfer. Institutional reform. The survival of the economic-mobilization components of the fascist Tojo dictatorship. The destruction of the other components of the fascist Tojo dictatorship. The ability of large firms to strike high-productivity bargain with their core workforces by shifting risks onto small-scale producer-suppliers and secondary-sector workers. The neocolonial origins of comparative development--that for Cold War-fighting reasons the U.S. was willing to cut Japan an enormous amount of slack in terms of market access that it was not willing to cut Mexico or Argentina or anyone else outside NATO. You know the story. You know the story better than I do.

Glaukon: Great! So now you've depressed me further--you have gotten me down from one example of the model at work telling us something interesting down to zero.

Zeno: I wouldn't be so depressed. It may be a small step, but it is a step, and steps add up...

Akhilleus: You are the wrong person to say that small steps add up!

Zeno: I have learned how to do limits properly in the past 2400 years...

Khelona: But it does provide a useful service: it is a tractable model that teaches students this mode of thought, and when you apply it to the world it teaches you that--with some caveats--capital accumulation is not the most important thing to study when you focus on growth...

Glaukon: So then why did I spend five weeks on it?

Akhilleus: Ummm... What did you teach, exactly?

Glaukon: This:

The Solow growth model: setup, balanced-growth equilibirum, convergence
Raw materials and natural resource scarcity in the Solow model
Endogenous population growth and the Malthusian equilibrium
Transition to modern economic growth: the invention of invention and innovation via the industrial research lab
Modes of organizing research and development:

State--distributing the R&D for free, and having a central bureaucratic process make the decision about what to work on
Nonprofits--distributing the R&D for free, and having a decentralized desire to win the tenure game make the decisions about what to work on
Private companies--intellectual property protection and selling the products of R&D, and having profit-seeking companies decide to work on what they can sell

The Great Divergence of the world economy from 1850-1975: western Europe and Pacific Asia but not much else have converged, U.S. now 30 times richer than Kenya
DeLong and Summers: equipment investment, high marginal product of investment as a reality or as a statistical illusion
Post-1975: China and India stand up; Africa falls behind
The golden rule and the "optimal" national savings rate
From the Solow model to the Ramsey model: more sophisticated takes at optimal savings rates

Khelona: Sounds like a smashing success to me...

Glaukon: But the bottom line is that we don't have good explanations at any deep level for why the U.S. today is and stays 30 times richer than Kenya.

Akhilleus: Or, rather, that we have good explanations but they are historians', political scientists', and sociologists' explanations--not explanations in which a facility with the differential calculus is terribly helpful and thus not explanations instrumentally useful to a sect of academics who want to use their facility with the differential calculus to impose a form of hegemonic domination over social science in general.

Glaukon: And we can say that you will grow fast if you have lots of research and deveiopment--both your own and also do a good job of transferring technology in from outside. But we can't say how much is optimal. Or how it should be organized. Or what legal system should underpin it. We have to decide whether R&D is going to be done by centralized government bureaucracies and freely distributed, by guildmasters working at nonprofits on projects they think of as intellectually interesting and then freely distributed, or by profit-seeking companies with some degree of intellectual property protection giving them monopoly power. But we can't say anything coherent and convincing about what the mix should beand what the degree of intellectual property protection should be.

Akhilleus: But surely there is value in being confused about the issue at a higher and more sophisticated level...

Khelona: I agree: too arrive at the point where you can say that these are the most important issues to think about is a very important achievement...

Thrasymakhos: Especially if it leads immediately to higher funding levels for universities...

British governance appears at least as bad today as Ameri...

British governance appears at least as bad today as American governance even though they are not helmed by an unstable and corrupt kleptocrat: Simon Wren-Lewis: Delusions of National Power: "Inevitable that the UK would stay in the Customs Union (CU) and the Single Market (SM)...

...That the UK would go ahead and impose a hard border and forsake any deal with the EU, or that a border would be created in the Irish Sea would not be approved by a majority in parliament. If the UK had a strong bargaining position, it could perhaps persuade the EU to compromise over how much of the Single Market it needed to be part of (the Jersey option), but... the UK gave up any bargaining strength it had when it triggered Article 50.... It is easy to imagine where these delusions of power come from. After all, despite what Brexiters say, the UK did have considerable influence in the EU when it was a member....

The more interesting question... is why these delusions continue when the reality of the UK���s powerlessness becomes obvious.... I can think of two answers.... Ideological blindness... obvious in the case of the Brexiters, but I think you can also see it elsewhere.... Specific dynamics created by the referendum. Leave votes were in part predicated on an illusion... [that] the UK would not be worse off because the EU would be desperate to accede to our demands.... Politician[s]... find it very hard to go back to the 52% and say your beliefs were delusions.... It is very hard for an elected politician to confront English nationalism... exploited and distorted��in my view by a deeply corrupt press.... There is one way out that will spare politicians��� blushes and revitalise the economy, and that is to hold a referendum on the final deal where the economic costs of the deal are clearly spelt out.

Some Fairly-Recent Must- and Should-Reads...

From the University of Oregon, Mark Thoma's Economists' View continues to be the single best link aggregator in economic policy and theoretical economics: read him, and the things he links to, and in addition read:

If you do not make the Economic Policy Institute one of your trusted information intermediaries, you are doing it wrong. Badly wrong.

I can't help it. Every time I see a 60 plus male from the South or the Midwest, I cannot help but think: "There goes an easily grifted moron!" The strong that has to be rolled uphill to keep Trumpland from falling further behind the rest of the country is very large and heavy: Paul Krugman: What���s the Matter With Trumpland?: "Regional convergence in per-capita incomes has stopped dead. And the relative economic decline of lagging regions has been accompanied by growing social problems...

I agree with Noah Smith that a lot of interesting work is being done in academic economics���even in macro. I agree with the Economist that academic economists are more-or-less neutralized at best in the public sphere, with bad actors, bad methodology, and bad ideologues drowning out information. I agree that economics should do a much better job of policing its own internal community and standing within it via what my colleague Alan Auerbach calls "obloquy". I agree that economics should do a much better job of managing its discursive modes, in both empirical and theoretical work. But I do wish the Economist would turn its microscope on what purports to be economic journalism more: Noah Smith: OK, so The Economist has an ongoing series of articles about the shortcomings of the economics profession: "https://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21740403-first-series-columns-professions-shortcomings-economists...

The awesomely smart and industrious Chye-Ching Huang of the CBPP praises Greg Leiserson's must-read guide to understanding last December's tax bill. There was space for a growth-promoting corporate tax cut that did not widen income inequality that much. That space was occupied, instead, by something that manages to increase inequality sharply while reducing projected national income���three steps backward for equitable growth.

The excellent John Schmitt used to work at WCEG: Josh Bivens, Lawrence Mishel, and John Schmitt: It���s not just monopoly and monopsony: How market power has affected American wages: "Concentration adversely affect[s] wages at a point in time... [has] grown over time... [but cannot] by itself explain a significant portion of the change in wage trends in recent decades.... Market concentration is not the only source of power���particularly employer power.... Even unchanged employer power... can play a role in growing wage suppression and inequality if it is accompanied by a collapse of workers��� market power..."

Nick Bunker provides an excellent tweetstorm on the issues involved in thinking about slack, wage growth, unemployment, and employment. He also mourns for the pre-twitter bite web: "remember blogposts? Those were cool!" It is certainly the case that Twitter has devoted zero���nay, less than zero���effort to building tools for curating tweet call-and-response episodes into anything that Plato would recognize as a dialogue...

The extremely thoughtful Miles Kimball highlights my very brief talk about who the market works for from last fall's INET conference in Edinburgh...

Increasingly it looks to me like a career-interruption and child-raising penalty, as if institutions designed to figure out which men are committed to the job and are thus worth paying to keep are misapplied to women. Alan Greenspan a generation and a half ago saw a market opportunity for his forecasting firm to get more productive workers for the salary dollar. But it looks as though he was and is a substantial exception: Sarah Jane Glynn: Gender wage inequality: What we know and how we can fix it: "Women are still severely limited by gender pay inequality.... Close to half of all currently employed workers (46.7 percent), yet... average earnings of... full time, year round is 80.5 percent of men..."

Ralph Atkins and David Crow: Top Novartis lawyer quits after payments to Trump aide: "Felix Ehrat to ���take personal responsibility��� for agreement with Michael Cohen.... Mr Jimenez said. 'We should have considered the reputational risk over the financial risk, and we should have just ended the contract right then, pretty much no matter what it was going to cost us. But we didn���t do that'..."

Remember?:

Morgan Gstalter: McConnell: Midterms could be 'a Category 3, 4 or 5' storm for GOP: "'We know the wind is going to be in our face. We don���t know whether it���s going to be a Category 3, 4 or 5'...

Matthew Yglesias: "The highbrow intellectual leaders of the modern conservative movement explicitly conceptualized it as a white nationalist undertaking. Trump is true to this legacy and his intra-movement critics are the innovators...

Eight years of Governor Sam Brownback has seen Kansas lose 8% of its jobs relative to the national average. Now Kansas is Ground Zero for Trump's trade war. Joshua Green: Chinese Sorghum Tariffs Will Hit Hard in Trump-friendly Kansas: "Trump���s Trade War Hits Another Red State: What���s the matter with Kansas? It���ll be hardest hit by new Chinese tariffs...

Will Wilkinson: The DACA and immigration debates are about whether Latinos are ���real Americans���: "Challenging the idea that Latino Americans can be truly American undercuts the very idea of America...

Just when you think the mainstream media could not sink any lower into misogyny and stupidity, it's the Atlantic Monthly!: Scott Lemieux: Are you provoked yet?: "Both James Bennet and Fred Hiatt have been asked to hold David Bradley���s beer...

Ezra Klein: @ezraklein on Twitter: "I don���t know what the [New York] Times should���ve done with Thrush. But I watched the efforts to plant oppo and smear @lkmcgann in the aftermath of her reporting. Anyone who thinks coming forward with these experiences is easy, even now, is wrong. I am beyond proud to be her colleague..."

Yes, this is as bad a violation of academic standards as it looks: Henry Farrell: The public choice of public choice: "Now this... 'financial ties to the Charles Koch Foundation... [but] George Mason University has cited its academic independence.

The Brexiters never had a plan for what they would do if they won the referendum. And they still do not have a plan. I do not see a road other than "transitional" arrangements that keep things as they are without the UK having any voice in Brussels���"transitional" arrangements that will keep getting indefinitely extended: Robert Hutton: Stuck In the Middle: These Are Theresa May's Four Brexit Options: "Her inner Brexit Cabinet has rejected her proposed customs relationship with the European Union...

Gabrielle Coppola: Trump���s TPP Pullout May Have Cost Missouri Its Harley Factory: "Harley-Davidson Inc.���s chief executive officer said he may have kept a plant open in Missouri if the U.S. had stayed in the Trans-Pacific Partnership, the free-trade agreement that President Donald Trump withdrew from last year...

Some Fairly-Recent Links:

Thomas Philippon: Finance vs. Wal-Mart: Why are Financial Services so Expensive?
Sean Illing: Did Trump���s lawyer obstruct justice by floating pardons? 11 experts weigh in. - Vox: "Trump���s lawyer secretly floated pardons for Manafort and Flynn. He might have crossed a line..."
Gerard Roland: THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF YINGYI QIAN AND CHENGGANG XU TO ECONOMIC SCIENCE
Yingyi Qian
Ariel Kalil: Child development and parental engagement in rich and poor households
Paul Krugman: Putting the Ex-Con in Conservatism: "Massey Energy... Don Blankenship... sent to prison for conspiring to violate mine safety standards... appears to have a real chance at becoming the Republican candidate for senator from West Virginia.... G.O.P. politicians tend disproportionately to be con men (and in some cases, con women).... And the party���s base consists disproportionately of the easily conned..."
Anki
Ben A. Barres: Does gender matter?: "The suggestion that women are not advancing in science because of innate inability is being taken seriously by some high-profile academics. Ben A. Barres explains what is wrong with the hypothesis..."
Information Is Beautiful: Rhetological Fallacies���A list of Logical Fallacies & Rhetorical Devices with examples
Val Dusek: SOCIOBIOLOGY SANITIZED: THE EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY AND GENIC SELECTIONISM DEBATES: "Hereditarians suffered the embarrassment of the exposure of the later twin studies of Sir Cyril Burt as likely frauds.... Thomas Bouchard and colleagues... accounts of his research in all major news magazines and papers in the US... introduced a segment on telepathy among twins for the TV show Unsolved Mysteries.... Evolutionary psychologists such as Pinker (who contrast themselves with humanists by touting their own devotion to lawful
Wikipedia: Zhao Ziyang
Library Guides at UC Berkeley:

Jim Church: Introduction - GPP 115: Global Poverty: "Challenges and Hopes in the New Millennium: Introduction..."
Jim Church: Philanthrocapitalism - GPP 115: Global Poverty - Challenges and Hopes in the New Millennium - Library Guides at UC Berkeley: "Challenges and Hopes in the New Millennium: Philanthrocapitalism..."

Wall Street Journal Editorial Board: Punishing America First: "Trump to Iowa: You���ll have to suffer while I force Xi Jinping to give in: Donald Trump and his advisers spent much of Friday telling everyone that the U.S. is not in a trade war with China, but investors weren���t buying it..."
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta: Interest Rate Rule Utility

Wikipedia: Taylor rule
Jared Bernstein (2016): Important new findings on inflation and unemployment from the new ERP
John Williams: Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco | Three Questions on R-star: "Low r-star is a global phenomenon, is likely to be very persistent, and is not confined only to safe assets..."

Ken White: The Search of Trump Lawyer Michael Cohen's Office: What We Can Infer Immediately
Becoming Human: Artificial Intelligence Magazine
Rowan Langford: Stats Models vs SKLearn for Linear Regression
Statsmodels Examples
Allen Downey: Probably Overthinking It

Think Stats
Think Bayes
Think Python
Think Complexity

Manton Reece: Micro.blog
Gravatar: Globally Recognized Avatars
Jo Marie Scaglia: Caffetteria
raindrop drop top
Martha Stewart: Peel-and-Eat Shrimp
Augie's Montreal Deli: "Served on Metropolis Bakery Deli Rye Bread, with Uncle���s Famous Pickles, and choice of yellow or spicy brown mustard..."
Katie McDonough: Jezebel Regrets Its Decision to Hire Cannibal Witch as Writer-at-Large: "..."
Steve M.: THERE'S NO REASON TO LISTEN TO CONSERVATIVE THINKERS, BUT EDITORS WANT THEM MORE THAN EVER: "The mainstream media has spent so many years insisting that... the extremism of talk radio and Fox, Gingrichian bomb-throwing, the Bush push for the Iraq War, torture, disastrously hands-off financial regulation, and disenfranchisement of non-whites, and then Sarah Palin, the Tea Party, and the norm-shattering GOP Congress of the Obama years... was fine. Surely it'll be fine again..."
TidBITS: Everything You Need to Know about the TidBITS 2018 Infrastructure
Marion Laboure et al.: The Rise of Silicon China: "Key features of Chinese history and culture have put it in a position to become the global leader in artificial-intelligence technologies, surpassing even the tech giants of Silicon Valley..."
Sara Benincasa: Better Headlines For A WaPo WASP
A Waspy Chick: How Come Jewish Men Keep Breaking Up With Me?
Emma Adler: The Man Without a Brain
Michael Wolff: : "Brilliantly reported and astoundingly fresh, Fire and Fury shows us how and why Donald Trump has become the king of discord and disunion..."
Ian Millhiser: The Supreme Court was itching to strike down a partisan gerrymander today, but has no idea how: "There are almost certainly five votes to strike down Maryland's gerrymander, but there's no clarity about how the Court will do it..."
Orsetta Causa and Mikkel Hermansen: Income redistribution through taxes and transfers: "Taxes and transfers are less effective at reducing inequality today than they were in the mid-1990s. This drop in effectiveness has largely been driven by declining cash transfers, with a smaller, more heterogeneous role for personal income taxes..."
Joseph MacKay and Christopher David LaRoche: Why Is There No Reactionary International Theory?: "A field that ignores reaction as such may be blind to reactionary political practice. This blindness in turn weakens the responses scholars can offer..."
Sushi Japanese Restaurant Kui Shin Bo
J. Kenji Lopez-Alt: Okonomiyaki (Japanese Cabbage Pancake) Recipe: "The shredded or chopped cabbage in the base is a given, but beyond that, you can add whatever you'd like to the batter. Once you've got a few Japanese staples in your pantry (all of which have a shelf life of forever), making it at home is cheap, quick, easy, and filling..."
Gideon Rachman: Donald Trump, Vladimir Putin and the Lure of the Strongman
Robert Shiller (2017): Narrative Economics: "The human brain has always been highly tuned towards narratives, whether factual or not, to justify ongoing actions...

Comment of the Day: Graydon: Understanding Karl Marx: "Th...

Comment of the Day: Graydon: Understanding Karl Marx: "The thing -- well, a thing, and I think an important thing still generally missed -- Marx missed was the metallic cartridge. From ~1860 through 1914, the decisive aspect of your military campaign was 'how many riflemen, how well fed, and how well trained?'...

...After that it was "how many artillery shells (and all necessary accouterments) can your industry produce?" from 1915 through about 1960.

In both cases, you need voluntary mass mobilization for your nation-state to survive. You have to change your society to get it; you have to do whatever it takes to make capitalism behave, because if you don't, you lose, and losing wars stopped being recoverable around then, too. The oligarchy was very clear it couldn't hope to survive losing.

Sometime around 1970, voluntary mass mobilization stopped being important. The constraints on capitalism start to fail around 1980. There's absolutely no sign there's anything out there that's going to function as a means to put them back. (Certainly not in time!)

Remember that morals have nothing to do with anything; it's "how well does this get copies of itself into the future?", and naked capitalism -- all the surplus is mine! -- is simple, readily produces fanatical adherents, and produces a world view in which no act resulting in the permanent possession of money is or can be wrong. (To the point where we're seeing a successful push to transform the nation state's role into that of a guarantor of currency and nothing else.) It's extraordinarily good at getting copies into the future.

Marx was wrong about a whole lot and hopelessly tangled up in an essentially creationist worldview and magical expectations, but capitalism being inherently and inescapably bad was not one of Marx's mistakes...

Note to Self: Human intelligence can be thought of in thr...

Note to Self: Human intelligence can be thought of in three ways: we are rational beings, we are rationalizing beings, and we are debating and consensus-forming beings...

Caffeine...

My real problem is that my normal daily cycle is about 23 hours. So the last hour or two before going to sleep is a zero for any purpose. So I���m always tempted to just go to bed, and hope I will have extra energy to recoup the following morning. And so I wake up too early and find myself suffering from bio rhythm upset.

I do not know what to do to get out of this���except for drinking lots of coffee in the evening. But I want to preserve the effect of coffee on my attention span for serious emergencies.

I am stuck...

Remembering Suzanne Scotchmer: Delong Morning Coffee Podcast

Those of us who do digital economics owe Suzanne Scotchman a lot as we stand on her gigantic shoulders. Those of us who seek a free and equal society are deeply indebted to Suzanne along other dimensions as well...

Remembering Suzanne Scotchmer

Thx to Wavelength and the very interesting micro.blog http://help.micro.blog/2018/microcasting/ http://delong.micro.blog/2018/04/21/suzanne.html

Text: http://www.bradford-delong.com/2018/03/suzanne-scotchmer.html