A Revolutionary War Novel For Young Readers
M.T. Anderson's novel, "The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing: Traitor to the Nation, Volume 1: the Pox Party" received the 2006 National Book Award for Young People's Literature. The book was written as a challenging contemporary read in a Gothic format that would appeal to high school students weary of standard literary fare. The book has also received a great deal of attention from adult readers and provoked varying responses, as shown by the reviews here on Amazon/Goodreads. I read the book for a book group. It might be possible to try to separate out the ways in which an adult might see the book differently from the high school audience for which the book was primarily intended. Similarly, the book could stimulate a discussion of the qualities in a book that make good reading for young people. I will for the most part avoid these issues here but focus instead on my own response to the book. I disliked it.
The book is set in Boston prior to and during the Revolutionary War. The title character came to America from Africa when his pregnant mother, a princess, was sold into slavery. Mother and son ultimately wind up in Boston in a mysterious situation. Octavian is unaware at first that he is a slave. Readers, of course, should be aware of the existence of slavery in the northern states during the revolutionary era.
Octavian and his mother, Cassiopeia, are at first blush not treated as ordinary slaves. They are held in a mysterious gothic-style house in a school called the "Novaglian College of Lucidity" founded on Enlightenment principles ostensibly to promote science. Cassiopeia is taught to play the harpsichord and young Octavian receives an excellent classical education consisting of, among other things, Latin and Greek and science. He is taught the violin which he plays beautifully. The faculty of the school are described as eccentrics and they are known by numbers such as 03-01 rather than by name. As the story progresses, Octavian learns the character of the school. He is punished frequently in the course of the work by severe beatings, tortures, and by the forced wearing of bizarre masks, adding to the Gothic quality of the story. Octavian's story becomes conjoined with the ongoing rebellion of the colonists against Britain, as shown by the Boston Tea Party. The title "The Pox Party" derives from an episode of the book in which various individuals, including Octavian and his mother, are quaranteed for inoculation against smallpox. The quarantine and inoculation was common in the era. The book shows Octavian fighting in the Revolutionary War. The novel comes to a dangling ending. Anderson wrote a sequel two years after this book.
The book is somewhat lengthy, but the chapters are short and it reads quickly. Anderson did his research, and the book captures well the style, speech patterns, dress, and basic history of revolutionary Boston. He also shows an appreciation of music. The book failed for me because it is ham-fisted, sophomoric, and overwritten. It does not, on its own terms, purport to offer a full balanced portrait of America during revolutionary times. The exaggerated, Gothic elements of the story themselves would preclude such a portrayal but the problem goes deeper. The book is a polemic aimed not only at the early American revolutionaries but at what the author sees as the contemporary United States as well. Perhaps the author meant the Gothic, iconoclastic, and moralizing elements of the story and the exaggerated depictions to provoke thought in young readers. For me, the book backfired.
It is presented as Goth, but the book is grossly unfair in its treatment of the Enlightenment and of science. The book may parody the excesses of what is sometimes called "scientism" but readers deserve a fuller account of Enlightenment, science, and their purposes. The "College of Lucidity" is parodied because it receives funding first from a wealthy Englishmen and later from wealthy businesses with the suggestion that it, and contemporary universities, are rather sadly lacking in objectivity in their teachings. The colonists and their revolution receive harsh treatment in the book. In addition to the admittedly dismal treatment of black people, the book stresses the intolerance and violence of the colonists towards Great Britain and towards their sympathizers in the colonies. The leaders of the revolution are depicted in the novel as motivated solely by commerce and by their commercial interests. They and their supporters have no higher goal than wanting people to go shopping, in another dig at contemporary American life. There is no hint in the novel of ideas that might have sparked a revolution or of any legitimate discontent with Britain. In sum, I thought the novel was deflationary in tone and took an unjustifiably negative view of revolution and its history.
In a note at the end of the book, the author describes his novel as "Gothic and fantastic in mood". He also acknowledges that his book should not be taken as a balanced historical account but that his presumably young readers should turn to reliable historical studies to understand the revolutionary era. Anderson writes:
"The issues of Loyalism and patriotism, populism and class, and of the role of race in the Revolution are tremendously complex, and readers interested in these questions should turn to histories of the period to learn more. Historical narratives, untied to a single fictional point of view, will inevitably render a fuller picture of the subtleties and nuances of the conflict than a fictionalized account such as this may do."
Anderson's advice to turn to a history for a judicious account is well taken. Unfortunately, the advice leaves open the question of the worth of reading a polemical, unbalanced historical novel of the type he has written. I have, in fact, read histories of the revolution and I didn't find this novel particularly instructive or entertaining. It says little for a novel if its only goal is to turn its readers to history for a thoughtful presentation. Americans of all ages need to relearn how to appreciate our country and its history.
Robin Friedman