“Looking For Lorraine: The Radiant and Radical Life of Lorraine Hansberry” (2018) is a superb fact filled biographical work that explores the life of this famous playwright, activist, intellectual and feminist artist- writer. Although Lorraine (LH) was widely recognized and celebrated when her award winning play “A Raisin In The Sun” (1959) appeared on Broadway, author Imani Perry clearly illustrated there were many things previously unknown in LH’s short and extraordinary life, and this is the first significant book of her life written in decades. Imani Perry PhD is the Hughes-Rogers Professor of African American Studies at Princeton University; and has earned multiple degrees from Yale and Harvard University.
Lorraine Hansberry (1930-1965) was the youngest of four children born in a middle class South side Chicago family. Their lives would drastically change with her parent’s purchase of a home in a white neighborhood. Confronted by angry white mobs, a brick would be thrown through their window, narrowly missing Lorraine. LH father, Carl, a real estate developer, would file (and win) a housing discrimination case that would be heard by the Supreme Court (1940’s). Lorraine’s mother was also active in the Republican Party. Clearly these events and her parent’s actions and views would be the foundation that shaped LH’s young life to be politically, socially and publically engaged regarding African-American culture and causes.
Declining to attend a favored or recommended black college, Lorraine attended the University of Wisconsin, Madison where she was soon fully accepted by white students. While in college, she developed her interest for art, theater, and progressive politics that supported civil rights. Mentored by Langston Hughes and W.E.B. Du Bois, she briefly studied in Mexico, and attended an illegal political conference in Uruguay, South America. LH accepted the fact that her life would be subjected to U.S. government monitoring and surveillance. In 1952, her passport was confiscated and revoked by government officials.
The marriage of LH to Robert Nemiroff (m.1952-1964) no doubt, raised a lot of eyebrows! RN was a white, Jewish intellectual, songwriter and playwright and a grad student at NYU-- where the couple had met at a protest rally. LH acknowledged her love for him, yet her consuming desire to be a writer and artist would always be her first priority. RN unconditionally accepted, loved, and financially supported his wife despite the complexities and conditions that quietly defined their marriage. RN was with Lorraine when she passed away, and insured her legacy by carefully preserving and filing her papers, correspondence, and all writing that is held in a Harlem, NY archive.
The notable friendships of LH with literary intellectual James Baldwin (1924-1987) and singer-entertainer Nina Simone (1933-2003) was described by Perry as “The Trinity”. It was interesting to see how the acceptance and support of these friends influenced (black) cultural commentary, news media, writing and music in the 1960’s. While LH remained lesser known, Perry observed that Baldwin and Simone were black American icons—celebrated in films, documentaries, books and recordings. In the future, she is hoping LH will be more publically acknowledged and recognized.
In 1963, LH was invited to NYC by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy to participate in a (historical) panel of influential intellectuals to discuss the social racial unrest in Birmingham, Alabama. This meeting (arranged by James Baldwin) undoubtedly influenced policies that led to the Civil Rights Act (1964).
It was noticeable that Perry avoided speculative writing about LH's close personal and intimate relationships, and referenced LH's own writing, plays, short stories etc. to tell her story instead. This must have been challenging -- as LH was a (closeted) lesbian, which in 1950’s-60’s homosexuality was unacceptable in the black American community. As a radical outspoken black feminist, socialist and Marxist; LH would need her marriage and her husband’s unwavering support for her own security and safety. Overall, Perry has presented the life and times of LH with a tremendous amount of dignity and respect. In addition, Perry has written: May We Forever Stand (2018) – More Beautiful Than Terrible (2011) – Prophets of The Hood (2004).