301-The Digital Photography Book-Scott Kelby-Tool-2006
Barack
2021/01/01
" The Digital Photography Book ", first published in the United States in 2006. It explores several important aspects of digital photography and studies on how to use the skills of digital photography professionals to take professional-quality photos.
Scott Kelby was born in the United States in 1960. He is a photographer and writer. He is the editor and publisher of " Photoshop User Magazine " and the co-founder and chairman of the National Association of Photoshop Professionals (NAPP). Representative works: " The Digital Photography Book ", " Digital Photography Killer Tips ", etc.
Table of Content
Chapter One. Pro Tips for Getting Really Sharp Photos
Chapter Two. Shooting Flowers Like a Pro
Chapter Three. Shooting Weddings Like a Pro
Chapter Four. Shooting Landscapes Like a Pro
Chapter Five. Shooting Sports Like a Pro
Chapter Six. Shooting People Like a Pro
Chapter Seven. Avoiding Problems Like a Pro
Chapter Eight. Taking Advantage of Digital Like a Pro
Chapter Nine. Taking Travel & City Life Shots Like a Pro
Chapter Ten. How to Print Like a Pro and Other Cool Stuff
“ Having photos that are sharp and in focus is so vitally important to pro photographers that they actually have coined a term for them. They call them "tack sharp." ”
In 1909, SLR cameras came out. As its price gradually decreases, it becomes more and more popular among the general population. Has a large number of fans all over the world. Photography has also become an art.
Since it is an art form, then a very important factor is that, to be able to ensure a prominent theme. This is the other type of art that is also very very clear. Literature required character image to be clear, the building required characteristics significantly, sculptures pay attention to a neat and tidiness. Then a picture should have prominent theme features.
" I've never seen a field where the equipment makes as big a difference as it does in photography. Don't get me wrong, hand Jay Maisel a point-and-shoot camera and he'll take point-and-shoot shots that could hang in a gallery, but the problem is we're not as good as Jay Maisel. ”
In different activities, the degree of influence of equipment is also different. For example, a special soldier holding a cold weapon may be able to defeat an ordinary person with a pistol. But for most ordinary people, their own strength may not be so high, so they need to use equipment to make up for their lack of strength.
“ TACK stands for Technically Accurate Cibachrome Kelvin (which refers to the color temperature of light in photographs), and SHARP stands for Shutter Hyperfocal At Refracted Polarization. ”
In digital photography, color, shutter, focal length, and aperture are very important indicators. Many of the techniques discussed in this book are based on these.
" So, while there are a number of things you'll need to do to get tack-sharp photos, the most important is shooting on a tripod. In fact, if there's one single thing that really separates the pros from the amateurs, it's that the pros always shoot on a tripod (even in daylight). ”
When shooting during the trip, I actually rarely use a tripod. Mainly it is troublesome, but when I took a hand-held shooting, I took a lot of photos that were discarded later. Thinking about it now, it is actually better to reduce the number of shots, but improve the quality of each shot.
" Pros will do the little things that most amateurs aren't willing to do; that's part of the reason their photos look like they do. Keeping the camera still and steady is a tripod's only job, but when it comes to tripods, some do a lot better job than others. ”
Professionals in various fields actually grew up from amateurs. The reason why they are professional and one step closer than amateurs is not only because they study theoretically and systematically, but also because they must also consider the details. They need to spend more time on points that amateurs do not pay attention to, and they need to pay attention to points that amateurs ignore.
Of course, this also means investing more energy and paying more. Not everyone has to become a professional. If it's just pure entertainment, it doesn't hurt to entertain in an amateur way. The key is to grasp this degree.
" Best of all, good ball heads keep your camera locked down tight to keep your camera from "creeping" (slowly sliding one way or the other) after you've set up your shot. Like tripods, a good ball head isn't cheap, but if you buy a good one, you'll fall in love with it. ”
Now more and more people use mobile phones to shoot, and the head of the design is also advancing with the times, there may be specifically designed for mobile phones head appeared. In fact, it also makes the threshold of shooting lower and lower, I think this is a good thing.
" That way, when you press this button on the end of the cable, it takes the photo, but without you actually touching the shutter button on the camera itself. So, why is this such a big deal? It's because, believe it or not, when you press the shutter button on the camera, it makes the camera move just enough to keep your photos from being tack sharp. I know, it sounds like a little thing, but this one is bigger than it sounds. ”
Tripod, PTZ, wireless shutter that their role is to ensure the camera is in a fairly stable state at the time of the shooting, without interference from the outside world,
“ I know, you normally think of using this so you can run and get in the shot real quick, but think about what does the self-timer do? It takes the shot without you touching the camera, right? Right! ”
The purpose of using the time-lapse shooting function that comes with the camera is also to prevent shaking. Although compared to the hand-held camera shake, the shake caused by pressing the shutter is not so serious, it can still affect the picture quality will be.
“ If you're thinking of getting a cable release to reduce vibration, you're better off getting an electronic cable release rather than one that actually presses the shutter button with a plunger-style wire. ”
In order to reduce vibration, the infrared remote control is better than a wired remote control. Wireless makes shooting easier and more convenient and also improves the quality of photography.
" The next trick we're going to employ is mirror lock-up. What this essentially does is locks your camera's mirror in the up position, so when you take the shot, the mirror does not move until after the exposure is made limiting the movement inside your camera during the exposure and therefore giving you that much sharper a photo. ”
Locking the mirror is to reduce jitter from inside the camera, thereby further improving the sharpness of the photographic work, which is also a very detailed operation.
“ If you are shooting on a tripod with a Nikon VR lens, to get sharper images to turn the VR feature off (you do this right on the lens itself by turning the VR switch to the Off position). The non-technical explanation why is, these VR lenses look for vibration. If they don't find any, they'll go looking for it, and that looking for vibration when there is absolutely none can cause (you guessed it) some small vibration. ”
So in summary, if we use a tripod, there is no need to open the shock absorber on the lens. If we hold it by hand, we need to turn on the shock absorber. This is because when the camera itself is not vibrating, turning on this device may produce some kind of vibration, which may result in unsatisfactory results.
“ Another trick the pros use is, when possible, shoot at your lens' sharpest aperture. For most lenses, that is about two full stops smaller than wide open (so the f-stop number you use will go higher by two stops). For example, if you had an f/2.8 lens, the sharpest apertures for that lens would be f/5.6 and f/8 (two full stops down from 2.8). ”
The recommendation here is to use the maximum aperture allowed by the camera to shoot. The purpose should be to increase the amount of light entering, thereby shortening the exposure time, and making the possibility of vibration less likely.
“ Does buying a really good lens make that big a difference in sharpness? Absolutely! ”
If the investment on the SLR is gradually increased, the economic expenditure on the lens is a major item. I still have to do what I can according to my actual situation and invest gradually.
" When you're shooting on a tripod in dim or low light, don't increase your ISO (your digital equivalent of film speed). Keep your ISO at the lowest ISO setting your camera allows (ISO 200, 100, or 50, if your camera's ISO goes that low, as shown on the Nikon menu above) for the sharpest, clearest photos. ”
ISO stands for the International Standardization Organization. Here, it refers to the exposure rate. The higher the exposure rate, the less exposure time is required, but the noise may also increase.
F refers to the ratio of the lens aperture (clear aperture) to lens focal length. If the focal length of the lens is 50 mm, then f / 2.8 means 50 mm divided by 2.8, which is equal to 17.85 mm. This is the diameter of the aperture opening degree. In other words, the actual opening area radius is 8.925 mm, which is equal to approximately 250 mm ^2. Therefore, when the focal length of the lens is 50 mm, f / 2.8 means that the opening area of the aperture is 250 mm ^2.
“ Raising the ISO adds noise to your photos, and you don't want that (of course, if you're hand-holding and have no choice, like when shooting a wedding in the low lighting of a church, then increasing the ISO is a necessity, but when shooting on a tripod, avoid high ISOs like the plague you'll have cleaner, sharper images every time). ”
When the sensitivity is lowered, in order to get a clear picture, the exposure time must be increased. At this time, handheld shooting is almost impossible, because shaking will definitely occur.
" Well, the next time you're hand-holding in less than optimal light, and you're concerned that you might not get a tack-sharp image, try a trick the pros use in this sticky situation switch to continuous shooting (burst) mode and hold down the shutter release to take a burst of photos instead of just one or two. Chances are at least one of those dozen or so photos is going to be tack sharp, and if it's an important shot, it can often save the day. "
If you are in a situation where you really have to hold shooting, you can consider using continuous shooting mode. In this way, there is a certain probability that at least one available photo will be obtained.
“ For people: Amount 150%, Radius 1, Threshold 10 For cityscapes, urban photography, or travel: Amount 65%, Radius 3, Threshold 2 For general everyday use: Amount 85%, Radius 1, Threshold 4 ”
Given here, it is the post-photo sharpening parameter when dealing with these parameters is more of an experience to talk about it, may not have a very clear reason. It may just be because these parameters can achieve a better sharpening effect in most cases, and make people look more comfortable.
“ It's designed to give you extra stability and sharper shots while hand-holding your camera by wrapping your camera strap around your arm (just above the elbow), then wrapping it around the outside of your wrist (as shown above) and pulling the strap pretty tight, which makes your camera more stable in your hand. ”
Practice here, it is the camera strap wrapped around the arm to be fixed, so the purpose is to allow the arm may play a similar role in the bracket so that the camera shakes a little less obvious. But in general, this is not stable enough, especially when the exposure time may reach a few seconds.
" If you want to create flower shots with some serious visual interest, you have to shoot them from an angle we don't see every day. That usually means not shooting down on them, and instead of getting down low and shooting them from their level. "
This is actually a matter of perspective. On the same subject, different people may have different angles and different effects. Not only this involves experience, but also one's own aesthetic taste.
“ A macro lens (just called "macro" for short) lets you get a 1:1 view of your subject and reveal flowers in a way that only macros can. A macro lens has a very shallow depth of field so much so that when photographing a rose, the petals in the front can be in focus and the petals at the back of the rose can be out of focus. ”
The macro lens is mainly used for shooting close objects because its focal length is very short, so when shooting, the focal length control must be very careful. And macro lens actually is the details of lucidity demonstrated.
“ Shoot in aperture priority mode and use the smallest number f-stop your lens will allow (in this case, on this particular lens, it was f/5.6) to keep the flower in focus but the background out of focus. ”
Most ordinary players may choose the automatic mode, but for some of the more advanced photographers is, the AV mode, aperture priority mode is probably more appropriate. The abbreviation of AV is the Aperture value. When the photographer has actively selected the aperture value and set the shutter speed, the camera's exposure time will be automatically adjusted.
“ It's called the Canon Close-Up Lens (even though it's from Canon, you can get a version that screws onto a Nikon lens. It's the only thing I know of from Canon that's designed for Nikon cameras. I use the Canon Close-Up Lens 500D to attach to my 70200mm Nikon VR lens [it's 77mm], and it works wonders). ”
What I understand is that this refers to the close-up circle, which is actually added between the body and the lens. Although it is a little troublesome in operation, it is cheaper than buying a new lens.
“ One of the most dramatic compositions for shooting flowers is to position a single flower on a black background. ”
Because the purpose of shooting, in order to focus on the target we were shooting, so the goal behind to put a solid color board, used to mask other debris, is a good choice. As for why black was chosen, I think it might be because the color of the flower itself is already very bright, so I chose black to avoid overwhelming people.
“ Instead of waiting for a rainy day to shoot, take a little spray bottle with you, fill it with water, and spray the flowers with water yourself. ”
When shooting flowers, you can use a spray bottle to spray some water drops on them, so that the flowers will be more charming. This little suggestion is good.
“ Another popular look for a flower photographer is to shoot on a white background. ”
In addition to choosing black as the background, you can also choose to use white as the background. Its purpose is also to reduce interference and conflict in the background.