First published sixty years ago while food rationing was still in force, Elizabeth David used this book to introduce to the nation’s bland palate, ingredients and recipes previously undiscovered in postwar Britain. Many people of that era had never experienced anything other than British cooking – meat, two veg and a nice steamed pudding. She starts by setting the record ‘Those who care to look for it will find the justification of France’s culinary reputation in the provinces, at the riverside inns, in unknown cafés...in sea port bistros...and nowadays in cafés routiers, the lorry-drivers’ restaurants. In such places the most interesting food of France is to be found.’ From having lived with a French family while studying over there, she was able to bring firsthand knowledge to this short yet concise guide to provincial French cooking.
She starts with a chapter on the Batterie de Cuisine. But it’s the collection of regional recipes that follow that made this book such a treat for 1950s Britain; divided into sections on soups, fish, eggs, luncheon, supper and family dishes, meat, poultry, game, vegetables, salads, sauces and sweets, she gives an entertaining and informative introduction to each.
French Country Cooking reveals the immense diversity of the cuisine through recipes that range from a primitive peasant soup of the Basque country to the refined Lyonnaise dish of Poulet à la Crème. To those used to the traditional format of recipe writing the book will come as something of a surprise since Elizabeth David weaves the ingredients into the methods complete with details of the region, tradition and people. Elizabeth David’s acclaimed writings are often cited as an inspiration by many of today’s leading chefs, as well as home cooks, and are essential to any serious cookery book collection.
Born Elizabeth Gwynne, she was of mixed English and Irish ancestry, and came from a rather grand background, growing up in the 17th-century Sussex manor house, Wootton Manor. Her parents were Rupert Gwynne, Conservative MP for Eastbourne, and the Hon. Stella Ridley, who came from a distinguished Northumberland family. They had three other daughters.
She studied Literature and History at the Sorbonne, living with a French family for two years, which led to her love of France and of food. At the age of 19, she was given her first cookery book, The Gentle Art of Cookery by Hilda Leyel, who wrote of her love with the food of the East. "If I had been given a standard Mrs Beeton instead of Mrs Leyel's wonderful recipes," she said, "I would probably never have learned to cook."
Gwynne had an adventurous early life, leaving home to become an actress. She left England in 1939, when she was twenty-five, and bought a boat with her married lover Charles Gibson-Cowan intending to travel around the Mediterranean. The onset of World War II interrupted this plan, and they had to flee the German occupation of France. They left Antibes for Corsica and then on to Italy where the boat was impounded; they arrived on the day Italy declared war on Britain. Eventually deported to Greece, living on the Greek island of Syros for a period, Gwynne learnt about Greek food and spent time with high bohemians such as the writer Lawrence Durrell. When the Germans invaded Greece they fled to Crete where they were rescued by the British and evacuated to Egypt, where she lived firstly in Alexandria and later in Cairo. There Gwynne started work for the Ministry of Information, split from Gibson-Cowan, and eventually took on a marriage of convenience, more or less as her aunt, Violet Gordon-Woodhouse, had done. This gave her a measure of respectability but Lieutenant-Colonel Tony David was a man whom she did not ultimately respect, and their relationship ended soon after an eight month posting in India. She had many lovers in ensuing years.
On her return to London in 1946, David began to write articles on cooking, and in 1949 the publisher John Lehmann offered her a £100 advance for Book of Mediterranean Food, the start of a dazzling writing career. David spent eight months researching Italian food in Venice, Tuscany and Capri. This resulted in Italian Food in 1954, with illustrations by Renato Guttuso, which was famously described by Evelyn Waugh in The Sunday Times as one of the two books which had given him the most pleasure that year.
Many of the ingredients were unknown in England when the books were first published, as shortages and rationing continued for many years after the end of the war, and David had to suggest looking for olive oil in pharmacies where it was sold for treating earache. Within a decade, ingredients such as aubergines, saffron and pasta began to appear in shops, thanks in no small part to David's books. David gained fame, respect and high status and advised many chefs and companies. In November 1965, she opened her own shop devoted to cookery in Pimlico, London. She wrote articles for Vogue magazine, one of the first in the genre of food-travel.
In 1963, when she was 49, she suffered a cerebral hemorrhage, possibly related to her heavy drinking. Although she recovered, it affected her sense of taste and her libido.
I inherited this book from my mother, who died in 1993; It has sat on my shelf unopened all of these years. I decided to read it based on reading “My Cookbook Crushes”, an essay by the great Nora Ephron, republished in a recent issue of The New Yorker.
In the essay, Ms Ephron mentions “The Flavour of France”. I wondered whether this was the same French cookbook sitting in my kitchen.
Alas, it was not, but I decided to read French Country Cooking as a way of connecting with my mother. Based on the price printed on the cover (3/6), and the publication date (1959), I am guessing my mother purchased this Penguin Handbook edition while we were living in London.
Ms. David begins the book with a chapter listing the equipment one must have in one’s kitchen. She recommend a long-handled copper sauté pan, one of which I inherited from my mother. Ms. David lists where to buy the equipment, and I can easily picture my mother hopping down to these same shops, list in hand.
I do not recall any of the recipes from my childhood, but I am now eager to try some of them to see if my taste buds have hidden memories.
I wish I had this book when I was starting my cooking self-education - it would have made it so much easier. David has this way with explaining peculiarities that allows you to sit back and absorb all the knowledge you need. No wonder she's referred to as the Britain's First Lady of Food!
The recipes are easy to follow and there is a wide range of them which allows the novice to choose according to their level of experience. And the anecdotes in between make it so much more enjoyable!
Had we been friends we would have been very close, I'd have explained that she'd been an influence throughout my 30 year cooking career, strangely she made me a Francophile before actually visiting France! These recipes aren't always easy but as I read this book and watched the newest series of masterchef I was struck by how the dishes were plagiarised from the celebrity chefs of today....these great recipes are the true exhibition of classic cookery...and would be the basis of delicious 'plates of food' should contemporary cooks remember the whole-hearted and passionate Ms David.
Nobody who has any pretensions about cooking can be without this, and many of her others. But yet again my original paperback is dwarfed by the current edition. Is it just to use up more trees?
I enjoyed reading this, but something tells me I won't be making many recipes from it. Especially not the plovers or woodcock. I've not seen plovers in my local Waitrose recently....