I finally got around to picking up Julia Fox’s Jane Boleyn: The Infamous Lady Rochford, after having heard good things about the book. As far as I’m aware, it’s the first and only biography of Jane Parker. I was intrigued by and attracted to the book because for many years now I’ve been aware of the misconception that Jane Parker was the individual who witnessed against her husband, George Boleyn, and her sister-in-law, Queen Anne Boleyn, on the concocted charge of incest. Although there is no disputing that Jane Parker was an accessory to the adultery of Queen Catherine Howard, there is actually no evidence to suggest that she was involved in the downfall of the Boleyns: the aforementioned witness was never named and only identified, by Imperial ambassador Eustace Chapuys, as an unnamed lady, and could well have been the Countess of Worcester whose public and out-of-hand argument with her brother had provided some hearsay that had fuelled the invented charges, or Lady Wingfield. Indeed, there is evidence to suggest that Jane remained loyal to the family she had married into, writing to her imprisoned husband and pleading for clemency. As a result, I looked forwards to Julia Fox’s biography finally busting some haggard old myths about Jane.
The writing style is wonderfully smooth, the narrative style flowing and engaging. Indeed, Fox paints a real picture of events, and gets rather creatively imaginative on that front – to the point where I found myself genuinely enjoying the remarkably evocative portrait being painted, but I wonder whether such style would be considered professional for an academic non-fiction history. That may sound harsh, and I must admit I secretly love histories like this because they read so easily and they’re so marvellously evocative of a past age – which is no mean feat to capture – however, Fox often writes about how historical people would have thought and felt without any hint of evidence, and we just can’t know that without direct evidence. I had to caution my enthusiasm for the book as a result. Also, Fox unfortunately gets a pretty big fact wrong, which always sets me on my guard when reading histories. Fox refers to Henry Carey, the son of Mary Boleyn and either her husband William Carey or her lover King Henry VIII, as the first grandchild of Sir Thomas Boleyn and his wife Elizabeth Howard. Actually Catherine Carey was Mary Boleyn’s first child, and the first grandchild of Thomas and Elizabeth, however Fox doesn’t refer to her at all when discussing Mary Boleyn’s potential children by the king. This is a pretty big boo-boo, although I have seen worse. The problem is that when a non-fiction history author makes a mistake this big, one has to question how accurate the rest of the book, and their other works, are.
Fox provides a detailed portrait of Jane’s life, and in the epilogue thoroughly deconstructs the creation of the myth of Jane Parker as scapegoat for the downfall of the Boleyns. Whilst it is clear that the evidence is so patchy that we cannot definitively exonerate Jane, Fox points out that there is simply no evidence to suggest her involvement, and that later historians and biographers who created the myth of Jane as scapegoat did so based on unreliable or non-existent sources – unless they had access to unknown sources that are no longer available to us in the modern age. Moreover, Fox points out that there would have been no logic in Jane desiring to bring down her own husband and impoverish herself – there would have been other options available to her and George had their marriage been unhappy, such as separation, and there is an entire lack of evidence to suggest that it was unhappy. However, I didn’t feel that Fox spent enough time on why Jane became involved in Catherine Howard’s disastrous actions. She does suggest that perhaps Jane was placed in a difficult position – in the early stages of the courtship between Catherine and Culpepper there was no direct evidence that they had yet crossed a line and done anything wrong, and Jane was bound to obey and serve her mistress, and had she reported it a case may have arisen of Catherine’s word against hers, at a time when nothing damning had yet occurred and when Catherine was utterly beloved of her husband the king; however, by the time Catherine and Culpepper had gone too far, Catherine had used Jane as her intermediary far too many times for Jane to escape with complete innocence and without questions being asked about why she did not speak up sooner. Thus, postulates Fox, Jane may have made the fatal decision to keep quiet, desperately hoping that Catherine’s foolish actions would never come to light – and having no knowledge of Catherine’s misspent youth. It’s a fair point, I think, but that’s all Fox has to say about that, and I would have preferred that she had looked into that a little more, since it’s one of the major questions surrounding Jane, maybe have a go at postulating why she participated in the possible case of her not being forced into it.
I listened to this as an audiobook narrated by Julia Barrie. Barrie was a mixed bag as a narrator. I took to her immediately: generally speaking, Barrie has a smooth and engaging voice which really brings the fluid, evocative writing to life. However, her voices whenever quoting are somewhat put on, and she persistently mispronounced certain names and words.
All in all, a couple of minor negatives, but a worthy addition to my bookshelves and an important historical work.
8 out of 10.