"You can't learn anything talking 'cause you're just saying stuff you already know. You've got to be quiet to learn."
—Paintings from the Cave, P. 32
Gary Paulsen starts right off in this book by dealing with some heavy issues in the opening "Note from the Author". He mentions the dark nature of his own youth, and admits that when he was a kid it was only literature and dogs that allowed him to see the light of hope in his life just enough to give him reason to keep moving forward toward that day when he would be free of his parents and could begin building his own version of a life. More than just acknowledging the deprivations of his own childhood, though, Gary Paulsen talks about the times when kids who have come to listen to him speak at author events ask him hard questions about what one is supposed to do when home life gets so bad that there isn't any visible light at the other end of the tunnel, no reason to think that there's anything waiting up ahead but more shame and misery. As in the three short stories that make up Paintings from the Cave, Gary Paulsen doesn't try to answer these questions with glib sentiments of hopefulness that any kid out on the streets will see through in a New York minute. He recognizes that in many cases, when their lives are really, really bad, it's not enough to tell them that it's just a matter of marking time, waiting out the years to age eighteen so that they can finally embark on a journey to find their own destiny. When things are too bad to see even the next day, or the next week, years of suffering is too much to handle. No matter how earnestly one tells an abused and afflicted child to wait out the storm because there will be a better tomorrow arriving eventually, it doesn't fix the right now, this very moment when they need release from the horrors of their life more than they can even imagine needing anything else. Sometimes tomorrow is too long to wait for relief from the pain, whatever its cause, and this concept of emotional vulcanism is the driving force behind the three stories in Paintings from the Cave. With unsettling truthfulness has Gary Paulsen captured herein the stifling panic of being trapped in a disgusting word of filth and violence with no visible means of escape, yet he has also imbued the novellas with an unmistakable sense of hope that causes the narratives to float just when one would have thought they could do nothing but sink.
The three stories in Paintings from the Cave are all separate from each other, linked only by the theme of an abusive or neglectful childhood having been endured by the main characters, so I will talk about each story individually. I hardly would have expected Gary Paulsen to be an author whom I would compare to Robert Cormier (except, perhaps, for his chilling narrative style in The Rifle), but the first story, Man of the Iron Heads, just may be as close as I've seen anyone come to Cormier since the master, himself. There's no silver lining to all of the clouds in this story, that's for sure. Jake (or just "J") lives with a friend named Layla in a derelict apartment building in an unnamed city, rife with violence and drug dealing and all manner of illegal activity. Though J is only twelve and Layla fifteen, he has been cast as a sort of guard for his older friend, who can't get around the way she used to since she's been impregnated. There isn't really enough food for both of them and J knows that their lives are at risk every day from the gang leader called The Blade who hangs around with his guys in the building, but there's not much J can do to improve the situation.
That is, there's not much he can do until a serendipitous coincidence gives him a window into a vastly different life no more than ten feet outside his own infested apartment building, in the prosperous structure set up across the alley. With only a thin strip of asphalt and a fence separating them, these two different apartment facilities could hardly be less alike, the difference between life and death, peace and terror, relative affluence and screaming poverty. As J looks out the window at this place across the way, he sees a young person living on his own in one of the apartments, moving around heads made out of metal in his kitchen. When he notices J watching him, J is instantly on the alert for some kind of trap, knowing all about the gruesome tricks that the ruthless thugs in his world would pull to put him at their mercy. J isn't used to anyone offering to do anything for him unless there's some big payment to be made on the back end of the deal, some crucial tipping point that makes the offer completely unacceptable if he wants to keep his life intact. But this guy who lives across the alley is something different for J; there's no scheme to snatch J into the apartment where he'll never be seen again, no negotiations to sell his body for some small but necessary commodity. There is, however, a doorway to a life as different from the one Jake is living as the ritzy apartment complex on the other side of the fence is from the dangerous tenement that he calls home, a better life in which the creation of art—sculptures of heads, which is what the artist was moving around in his apartment when J saw him—can be a satisfying expression of one's innermost thoughts and desires. No violence, no shystering, nothing but the clay between one's fingers to help in the recreation of the meaningful images that are already in one's mind. After initially offering to help the artist across the street only as a way to make some quick cash for no risk, J is drawn into the artistic expression of sculpture, his long-suppressed creativity rising to life under the tutelage of a kind instructor who knows what he's doing. It's amazing to think of two so vastly different worlds located practically side by side to each other, the imperfect sphere of urban bachelorism shining like pure gold beside the raging putridity of the lawless ghetto, both shockingly unaware of what really happens on the other side just a few feet away. It's ten feet to home free, or to a hellish breakdown of all order, depending on the side of the fence on which one starts, but J and his artist friend have clasped hands figuratively above the fence, forgoing their dissimilarities to focus on the artistic bonds that draw them together. Redemption is just a stone's throw away for J.
Release from captivity just couldn't come that easily for J, though. As the doors of his imagination open to a fascinating world that could actually hold some promise for a penniless kid without parents, the far-reaching influence of The Blade's gang zeroes in on J, and worse, on Layla, who is still pregnant with the child that keeps her from fleeing as quickly as J. In a night of devastating and irrevocable actions, the crude disregard for the beauty of life by those on one side of the fence, contrasted with the artistic vision that has been awakening from its dormancy inside of J, clash in a thunderous cacophony that will jar anyone down to their marrow. Sometimes things don't turn out the way they should. Sometimes lives are winked out in an instant and can't be revived, death comes creeping so silently that one never even feels its presence until it has pounced, and a lifetime of dreams are snuffed out like the flame of a single candle in a dark night, extinguished into the nothingness of absolute darkness. In chillingly Cormier-like fashion, Gary Paulsen brings the story to a close that will resound in the hearts of readers for a very long time, unforgettable and deeply sobering for the reality that it so uncompromisingly presents.
In Jo-Jo the Dog-Faced Girl, the middle of the three novellas, we're introduced to Jo, who left her biological family a long time ago. There was too much drinking and abuse for her to survive at home much longer, but she wasn't fated to permanently be without a family. Over time, she adopts stray dogs to keep as her companions, and they are better to her by far than her family ever would have been. To Jo, dogs are infinitely better than people; they don't try to hurt her, they don't ask questions about the life she has chosen and try to get her back living with people, and they never attempt to conceal anything they're feeling from her. Dogs are the ideal companion for Jo, the only friends she ever wanted, until the day that brings a girl named Rose across their path as they're out walking. Rose isn't like the other kids that Jo has observed at school; she's quiet, honest and doesn't ask too many personal questions. Jo has never seen the need to add any humans to her canine circle of friends, but the dogs like Rose, and for reasons that she can't yet fully explain, Jo likes her, too. Though the dogs may still be the ideal companions for Jo after the abuse she endured at the hands of her parents, the only humans with whom she had ever lived, perhaps there's still a little bit of elasticity left in her willingness to give a human a chance to befriend her.
But even as Rose becomes a part of the group, and Jo sees that not all people are dumb, mean and unable to really listen, there's an inherent expiration date on the new friendship that neither Jo nor Rose can do anything to prevent. Sometimes when a missing piece of the puzzle falls into place, a piece that you didn't even recognize was missing from the larger picture until you had it in your hand and were able to get a feel for it, that piece is suddenly confiscated in a way that couldn't have been foreseen. But how can one then go back to the picture as it was before, when the need for that missing piece wasn't even on one's radar, and think as before that the puzzle is complete and doesn't need anything extra? The path of the future is always a crooked one, winding and cutting and making shear drop-offs without warning so that there's no way of looking ahead and seeing where it might take you, but a severe jolt up ahead, even if one sees it coming and dreads the impact, doesn't have to lessen what one has right now and can still enjoy before the moment that will change it all. For Jo, her dogs know all about this, knew the uncertainty of the future with Rose before its reality ever dawned on Jo, and it's the dogs who can help them draw together and figure out what happens next. As has been the case for most of her life, the dogs will always be there for Jo. As she, herself, says: "They never hurt anyone and they know everything there is about love and all they want is to help us not be alone and scared. They never give up."
In the third novella, Erik's Rules, we're introduced to a couple of brothers who, like Jo in her story, have run away from abusive parents. Jamie and his older brother, Erik, have had to stay one step ahead of the law ever since they ditched their parents. It's a lot safer living on the streets than it would be trying to continue on at home, but now life is an endless stream of hard work for Erik, who at age seventeen is responsible for all of his little brother's needs and can't afford to take even one day off a week from his three daily jobs. It takes smarts to live as Erik and Jamie do, Jamie still going to school but always having to be on the alert that someone might be on to his home situation. Though he wants to make it so that they don't have to steal or cheat to survive, Erik has had to manipulate a number of official information sources to protect their tenuous arrangement, including buying a fake driver's license so that the whole deal doesn't collapse if he's ever pulled over by the police. Their car is technically stolen, too, swiped from their mother's boyfriend, but he's not likely to raise the alarm on a hunk of junk that was illegally owned, so they're probably fairly safe on that end.
Drawing has always been the way that Jamie releases the raw emotions that build up inside of him, spilling out in black and white so that they don't come out in less appropriate ways. Drawing, and watching the dogs being walked at the dog park, which one day leads him to meet a man named Greg with a fistful of dogs on leashes who seems very interested in Jamie's artwork. Erik has warned Jamie countless times about staying away from troublesome individuals who could do him more harm than even their parents, but Greg seems trustworthy. Seeing the quality of Jamie's drawings, particularly the sharp imagery of his renderings of the dogs, Greg offers him a job sketching the canine residents at the shelter where he works, which he hopes will be much better in representing the personalities of the dogs than the lackluster photographs that he's been using. Jamie knows that the extra money would be a huge help to him and his brother, but what he doesn't know is that when Greg figures out the truth about how the brothers are living, there may be something even more significant that he can do to be of aid to them. Homeless life, bouncing from one temporary shelter to another all the time with little respite, could be over for Jamie and Erik if all goes well. And there's one more thing that Greg can contribute to their arrangement, if they're willing to take a chance on someone very important.
While some of Erik's Rules, sprinkled throughout the text of the story, appear limited chiefly to life on the run, all of them have at least some application to regular life, able to teach us something valuable that we may have known but not quite fully understood. Still, it's not one of Erik's rules, but an observation made by Jamie about homeless life, that sticks out most in my mind: "Quick fixes are the only thing I've got these days." I've never been homeless, but I sure know what it's like to feel like the solutions I think up to my problems are nothing but an unending series of quick fixes, stopgap measures that do nothing to permanently address the issues even as they keep it together for one more day. I guess that's how life tends to go, the possibility for perfection in anything becoming just a distant memory as one settles more and more for the imperfection of band-aid solutions. It's not ideal, but it's not necessarily a bad thing, and at the end of the day sometimes that's all that matters.
To me, the story that really seems to stand out as different from the other two is the first one, Man of the Iron Heads. Its intensity has a completely different feel; while I would never think to compare the other two novellas to the work of Robert Cormier, the elements of the first story that brought that comparison to mind for me were impossible to miss. Jo-Jo the Dog-Faced Girl and Erik's Rules have a more hopeful spirit about them than Man of the Iron Heads, but there's little doubt in my mind that the first novella is the best of the bunch, and its effect on me will last much longer than that of the other two. While sometimes brutal and often disturbing, the stories in this collection are remarkably realistic, never sacrificing the grittiness of authentic narrative for a feel-good ending if it doesn't fit. I'm always amazed by how good Gary Paulsen's writing consistently tends to be despite the fact that he has written hundreds of books, somehow not sacrificing quality of ideas for quantity of material, and Paintings from the Cave is another fine work that deserves mention on the same level as some of his classics. I would give it three and a half stars.