The Rest of the ‘Little Dieter Needs to Fly’ Story
Since January of 2023, in my reading and film viewing, I’ve made a point of exploring truths about the Vietnam War that, as a journalist myself, still seem to hold important lessons for me. For example, I’m still working my way through the Library of America two-volume set, “Reporting Vietnam.” I’ve gone back and watched several documentaries about Vietnam, including Ken Burns’ remarkably thorough series for PBS. One of the truths that journalists must accept as foundational to our vocation is: We’re writing the “first draft of history” without benefit of reflection.
In this journey, I decided to explore the trio of stories about Dieter Dengler (1938-2001), who became famous for his heroic escape from a North Vietnamese-run prisoner of war camp in Laos. In experiencing all three versions of Dieter’s story, I see that “first draft of history” lesson loud and clear.
After Dieter’s escape in 1966, I can remember the initial American news stories. Later, the famous documentary filmmaker Werner Herzog produced a feature-length version of Dieter’s life story, called “Little Dieter Needs to Fly.” When I first saw that film in 1997, I was astonished. Beyond the harrowing escape that I already knew about, Dieter’s narration in the film explains that his passion for flying began in his own childhood. He was living in Germany during the War in a small town that rarely saw any action. Then, one night, a U.S. warplane flew past his childhood home in Germany. Watching that fearsome war machine firing at targets in his hometown, he became obsessed with the seemingly superhuman power of pilots. He was determined to fly like that aviator he saw speeding past his window. However, as he grew into his late teens, he realized that post-war Germany had no air force. Dieter’s decision to immigrate to the U.S. with almost no money, living for a while as a homeless person, and his bumpy road toward becoming a U.S. Navy pilot is a story just as dramatic as the other amazing chapters of his life. Once he finally achieved that goal in the mid 1960s, he was sent to Vietnam, where pilots were needed every day. Then, he had the bad luck to be shot down over enemy-controlled territory on his first foray in the war. The fact that he managed to survive repeated torture and a near-starvation diet while in captivity was due to his excellent physical shape as well as his resilient spirit. It’s that indomitable spirit that drove him to attempt an almost impossible escape. Even after his successful return, Dieter continued to cheat death for years as a test pilot, during which he crashed four more times!
This entire saga is so dramatic that both Dieter and Werner Herzog agreed, after they finished their documentary, to develop a full-scale feature film. The result was the 2006 release of Herzog’s production, “Rescue Dawn,” starring Christian Bale as Dieter and Steve Zahn as Dieter’s real-life friend in captivity, Duane Martin.
The three versions of Dieter’s story each have their own strengths. “Rescue Dawn” was shot in Thailand in territory almost identical to the Laotian site of the original prisoner of war camp. This movie is the most vivid and dramatically paced of all the versions from the jungle locations to the soaring final scene of Dieter’s return to his aircraft carrier.
The “Little Dieter” documentary is narrated by Dieter himself and he’s such a compelling storyteller that you just can’t stop watching once the documentary starts. We see the evidence supporting some of the more surprising scenes in “Rescue Dawn.” For example, Dieter demonstrates how it was possible for him to unlock handcuffs and he shows how he learned to start a fire with dried bamboo even without matches. We also clearly see signs of the deep trauma Dieter carried with him every day of his life.
Then, this “Hero Found” biography, published in 2010 by Harper, is the mother lode. One reason is that Bruce Henderson wrote this book after the tragic ending of Dieter’s life in 2001 so it’s his entire life story. That final chapter could not have been included in the 1997 documentary and, due to Herzog’s dramatic choices, was not included in the 2006 film. I won’t “spoil” the conclusion, except to say that it does seem to be a logical conclusion of Dieter’s life.
Even after the two movies, I found this to be a real “page turner.” The book has the ring of authenticity on several levels. First, we find almost word-for-word narration from Dieter about milestones in his life that he shared earlier in the documentary film. So, we know Henderson closely followed Dieter’s own autobiographical account. Then, Henderson provides a lot of background for scenes that appear as quickie plot points in the films. For example, in “Rescue Dawn,” we see almost nothing of Dieter with friends aboard his aircraft carrier before the fateful flight in which he was captured. In the book, Henderson paints a fuller picture of how Dieter struggled to become a pilot and what he loved about serving in the U.S. Navy as a pilot. Dieter’s almost naïve devotion to his new “American” sense of duty is more fully explained in the biography, including much more about the ways in which pilots were trained to operate in combat.
Finally, the family of Dieter’s fellow prisoner, Eugene “Gene” DeBruin, objected to his portrayal in “Rescue Dawn,” a complaint that was valid and that Werner Herzog later acknowledged as a flaw in the fictionalized version. In the movie, Gene comes across almost as Dieter’s enemy, when in fact he was a beloved colleague. Henderson is far more accurate in explaining Gene’s decisions during the dramatic escape.
My 5-star recommendation of this book comes along with a strong recommendation that readers find and watch both film versions as well.