“This is the Earth at a time when the dinosaurs roamed -- a lush and fertile planet. A piece of rock just six miles wide changed all that. It hit with the force of 10,000 nuclear weapons. A trillion tons of dirt and rock hurtled into the atmosphere, creating a suffocating blanket of dust, the sun was powerless to penetrate for a thousand years…” -- Armageddon
The abrupt extinction of dinosaurs is one of the most popularized topics in paleontology. Why, after all, did the very last dynasties as a final point end in overall extinction?
In reality, however, the dinosaurs' history encloses the drama of much more than a single death. They suffered three or four key catastrophes during their elongated prevalence, each one thinning the ranks of the entire clan. And after each such fall, they recouped their evolutionary fate, rising again to fill the terrestrial system with yet another wave of new species and families of species.
The final complete extermination did not come until 65 million years ago, at what geologists label the "Time of Great Dying," the grandest evolutionary catastrophe of all time.
This book is the tale of how Earth historians uncovered the evidence for one great catastrophe in the Earth's past—the collision of a huge rock that fell from outer space 65 million years ago, excavating a gargantuan crater in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico and causing such riot to the environment that a broad variety of plants and animals perished forever.
The most celebrated of the victims in this cataclysm was the great carnivorous dinosaur, Tyrannosaurus rex.
The legend of the impact and the extinction it caused is striking and horrendous, although the passage of 65 million years makes it seem contentedly remote. But running parallel to the historical account of the event itself is the very human story of how Earth historians discovered the rock record of the great impact and learned to read and interpret the evidence.
This book tells the story of challenge by a few geologists to what their science had long believed to be true, of stern defense of the traditional view by other geologists, of conflict and friendship, of adventure in distant places, of painstaking measurements in the laboratory, of bewilderment and discovery, and of the general effort by scientists from many countries to resolve a fascinating conundrum.
Alvarez has divided his book into seven chapters:
1. Armageddon
2. Ex Libro Lapidum Historia Mundi
3. Gradualist versus Catastrophist
4. Iridium
5. The Search for the Impact Site
6. The Crater of Doom
7. The World after Chicxulub
This book, in particular is also the chronicle of how geology and the other disciplines which study the Earth have emerged as fully mature sciences, distinguished by their intrinsically interdisciplinary nature, by the complexity of their subject matter, and by the obvious requirement to move from reductionistic to holistic science in order to achieve their central goal of understanding the Earth.
Through the 20th century, physics and chemistry, and recently molecular biology, have made giant strides in understanding Nature by the analytical approach—by reducing problems to their original components and studying these components in isolation. In the 21st century, science will be in a position to begin putting the pieces together, in order to seek a synthetic or holistic understanding of Nature.
The Earth sciences are inherently synthetic and are therefore uniquely placed to lead this development. The story of research on impacts and mass extinctions illustrates in detail how this can happen.
This book is meant for the layman and the serious reader alike.
“Picture a day sixty-five million years ago! On the morning of that day, Tyrannosaurus rex stood at the apex of creation. But by nightfall a gigantic comet or asteroid, as big as Mount Everest, had slammed into the Yucatan Peninsula. The explosion on impact, which took less time than it takes to read this paragraph, was equivalent to the detonation of a hundred million hydrogen bombs. It produced a cloud of rolling debris that blackened the sky for months as well as other geologic disasters—and triggered the demise of T Rex….”
We know what happened for the most part because Walter Alvarez—synthesizing the findings of experts from a variety of scientific fields—has written a gripping story of the decades-long search for the cause of the dinosaur’s extinction.
The best thing about Alvarez’s book is the ease with which the narrative progresses. It is extremely picturesque. The reader would almost live a movie throughout the 200 odd pages of the tome.
Grab a copy if you choose.