This memoir, written by an American nurse who served with the United States army for a year during the Vietnam War, chronicles her experience and the devastating effect it had on her sense of patriotic duty, her personal health and her future after she arrived home.
The beginning section of the book details DeVanter’s life growing up in a suburban Washington DC home with four sisters in a Catholic family. She obtained her diploma at the Mercy Hospital School of Nursing in 1968 and towards the end of her training attended a presentation on nursing in Vietnam. She and her girlfriend signed up for a year, determined to fulfil their patriotic duty to their country and take care of the young men injured in the fighting. She completed basic training at an army base in Texas in 1969 and traveled to Vietnam where she served a year as a surgical nurse in an evacuation hospital in a combat heavy province called Pleiku. Over that year her perception of the war was dramatically changed. She no longer saw the war as American’s fight for democracy, but as a senseless massacre of young American men and an unwanted, unwelcome intrusion into the lives of the Vietnamese people.
DeVanter describes her experience as an idealistic young nurse, dropped into the hellhole of a hospital near the dangerous Cambodian border with an endless stream of bodies of young men blown apart on the battle field. She presents it in graphic detail, describing the constant flow of blood, the endless gore, the earth-shattering noise, the ever-present fatigue and the fear they themselves could be hit at any time, all producing an acutely stressful environment. Nurses and physicians used alcohol, drugs and sex to ease the horror of what they saw in the operating room and the trauma and confusion that constantly surrounded them. DeVanter’s experience of nursing a young boy whose face had been blown away, is an image that still haunted her years after she returned home. She describes incidents of euthanasia, the smell of decomposing bodies wrapped in plastic bags in the morgue and the gut-wrenching experience of a young man crying for an overdose of morphine to end his suffering.
The medical and nursing staff were often on their feet twenty-four hours a day and there were times when they operated under the influence of drugs and alcohol. Their idealism quickly spiraled downwards as they questioned what they were doing, why they were there and why every day they faced young men and children ripped to pieces. In detailing her experience, she uses the letters that flowed back and forth between her and her family to capture the effect that year had on her life.
The last part of her book deals with DeVanter’s return home and her attempts to go back to a normal life. However, like many others returning from Vietnam, her transition was hampered by flashbacks, crying jags, and nightmares. They received little support either from the government or from their communities. DeVanter descended into an unstable personal life, a downward spiral of alcohol and drugs and a life on welfare and food stamps. She tried therapy but was unable to talk about her experience in Vietnam.
DeVanter’s breakthrough came after visiting a friend on Long Island in New York in 1979. During the night she awoke to the sound of sirens, the same sounds that had alerted her to rocket and mortar attacks in Vietnam. She got out of bed, crawled along the floor to the to the living room and then out of the house. The incident led her to a post traumatic stress therapy program called “Walking Through Vietnam” and as part of her therapy she began recording her memories and wrote this book.
Initially the book was well received, especially by nurses who served in Vietnam and connected with her story. Others, now feeling more comfortable about sharing their experiences, came forward and did so as well. But things shifted dramatically when Sally Field’s production company under Columbia Films planned a film based on this book. Many, including nurses who had also served, were concerned about how this would shape the public’s perceptions of military women’s experience in Vietnam. Although many agreed with her narrative, there were some who did not, insisting DeVanter had exaggerated events. They did not deny drug, alcohol and partying were part of the environment, but not to the extent that Devanter portrayed. They insisted they had never seen doctors and nurses under the influence working in the operating rooms and felt the book maligned their own experiences in Vietnam.
One of DeVanter’s most persistent critics was Patricia Walsh, a nurse who served in Da Nang. She was not against DeVanter writing about her personal experience but was against that experience being interpreted as the experience of all nurses in Vietnam. She did not want DeVanter’s record to ruin the image of nursing or for American families to believe the family member they lost in the war died because of the care of intoxicated exhausted staff. Walsh founded an organization called Nurses Against Misrepresentation (NAM) to deny negative portrayals of nurses in Vietnam, to protest the book being made into a film and pressure Columbia pictures to cancel the film. Which they did, citing script problems.
This is a heart-breaking story of a young woman who served her country but lost her patriotism, her health and her future to that experience. It shows the scars left on the military assigned to combat zones after living a life growing up in peace in America. They return home to experience a difficult transition to normal life, but it will never be what it was before they left for their tour of duty.
As an aside, a few years after this book was published, a TV series called China Beach (1988-91) was created with a lead character based partially on Lynda DeVanter’s experience. Also to be noted was that Lynda was diagnosed with systemic collagen vascular disease, a condition she attributed to exposure to the defoliant agent orange the US army used in Vietnam. She died in November of 2002 at the early age of fifty-five.
This is a not a comfortable read, but it is an important one.