James Monroe (April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831), is perhaps the least know founding father, also the fourth and last Virginian (founding father) to become President of the United States, but his service to his country is both long and varied.
Monroe was an officer (major) in the Continental Army, lt. colonel in the Virginia militia, and a Virginia delegate during the ratification process of the Constitution. In 1790, the Virginia state legislature sent him to the U. S. senate. In 1794 he was sent to France as U. S. ambassador and would serve as governor of Virginia between 1799 and 1802. In 1802 Monroe was again sent to France by Thomas Jefferson to broker a deal that would more than double the size of the United States and secure the Mississippi River as America’s commercial lifeline. In 1803 he was sent to Great Britain again as the U. S. ambassador; a job he would perform until 1807. As president, James Madison made Monroe Secretary of State, largely due to Monroe’s earlier experiences in France and Britain. In 1812, when the war with Britain was going badly, President Madison called on Monroe to become the Secretary of War. In the 1816 Presidential election, Monroe won a landslide victory over his rival Rufus King. Monroe’s presidency was described as the “Era of Good Feeling.”
In an agreement with Spain, the United States was ceded Florida in exchange for all claims to Texas. In 1836 (five years after Monroe’s death) Texas won its independence from Mexico. It can thus be noted that the U. S. didn’t break their agreement with Spain. After Monroe’s two terms as president, be didn’t retire and live the rest of his life on the laurels of achievement but continued to serve his country as a delegate to Virginia’s Constitutional Convention (1829-1830). As the author of the Monroe Doctrine and a firm believer in Manifest Destiny, James Monroe should be remembered as one of the true shapers of the United States of today.
James Monroe, like his fellow Virginian, friend, and presidential predecessors, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, died on America’s birthday (July 4, 1831, Adams and Jefferson in 1826). This is purely coincidental, but nevertheless an interesting bit of trivia.
This is yet another book in a very entertaining, inspiring, and informative series published by Hourly History. Like the others, it gives the reader a bird’s eye view of a great life in history. It is not meant to stand alone but rather to serve as an inspiration to dig deeper into history and discover all that is not revealed in this brief narrative.