Imagine trying to explain the plot of The Black Gang to a person with a sketchy knowledge of early twentieth century history. It is a book written in the 1920s about a secret gang that works outside the law, rounding up left-wing agitators. The gang has a particular hatred for foreigners and Jews, and they make sure that prominent enemies ‘disappear’.
“Ah,” says the friend thoughtfully, “It’s a book about the SS in Germany.” I shake my head, and explain that the organisation, named after the black outfits they wear, are not Germans. “Then you must be talking about Mussolini’s blackshirts,” interrupts my friend. I again shake my head, and explain that this book is set in Britain and deals with the beloved English hero and leader of the gang, Bulldog Drummond.
If the politics of Bulldog Drummond, the first book to feature Sapper’s eponymous hero, were dubious, then they are nothing compared to The Black Gang, a sequel that leaves a bad taste in the mouth. Once more Drummond does battle with his arch-nemesis, Peterson, and a number of dubious ideas are cloaked in a veil of frivolous badinage.
I said in my review of Bulldog Drummond that our hero treats the whole adventure as a bit of sport. This is true, though to a slightly lesser degree, in The Black Gang. Drummond takes an amused pleasure in rounding up and intimidating left-wing agitators, and his Wooster-esque language prevents us from taking him too seriously.
The extent to which Drummond treats this as some kind of upper-class game is shown in a scene where Drummond has a conversation with a nasty Russian operative, and it ends with Drummond applying a little corporal punishment to his enemy. He could kill Zaboleff or seek information from him, but he would rather treat Johnny Foreigner to a good kick in the pants.
At the end of the book Drummond agrees to dismantle the gang when the game is up, but he considers doing so earlier because his feeble enemies are no longer affording him any fun. What makes the difference is the presence of another master player, Carl Peterson, which increases the challenge for Drummond.
Peterson is a ruthless operator who seeks to undermine British labour to help his foreign business friends. However he is also essentially a game player, albeit one who plays by different rules than Drummond. We see this on more than one occasion where Peterson could easily have killed his enemy, but instead wastes time with more elaborate plans that give Drummond time to escape.
It is hard not to scoff at these two doltish antagonists who could have ended their duel of wits (such as they are) a lot sooner. This would not be as bad if there was not a risk to the lives of other people involved here. The longer Peterson stays alive, the more innocent people he can kill. However, Drummond never has to worry about making any great sacrifices, as his friends remain safe throughout.
There are only two moments when the gravity of the situation seems to hit home with Drummond. The first is when his burglar ally is murdered by a bomb thrown by one of Peterson’s lackeys. Drummond is annoyed by this, but does not spend too much time grieving the death of his crooked friend.
The second occasion is a rare serious moment where Peterson intends to murder Drummond’s wife in a brutal manner. When Drummond gets the upper hand, he nearly chokes the life out of Peterson and his wife has to intervene. At no point during either incident however is there any sense that Drummond’s schoolboy adventurism may be putting his loved ones at risk, and this is not a factor in his decision to disband the Black Gang. We can be sure that in the next book he will be taking on a new sporting adventure with the same cheerful disregard of the potential cost to those around him.
Insofar as Sapper has any serious intent, it is to expose the evils of Bolshevism. Sapper was disgusted by the murder of the Tsarist royal family, and this is alluded to in the book. Of course Sapper sees the issue in black and white, as he always does. The murder of the royal family was certainly an ugly affair, but the Tsar was no benign leader, and he presided over a cruel and authoritarian state.
When we look at the characteristics that Sapper applies to his left-wing enemies, we hear the same tired stereotypes that are used by conservatives today. We are told that they are envious of the rich, told this by people who have no understanding of want, and who have more money than they can ever hope to spend. We are told that left-wing people have poor hygiene, this by people who have never lacked access to instant hot and clean water. We are told that left-wing working-class supporters are money-obsessed, this coming from people who never had to worry about feeding or clothing their families.
Indeed I find it hard to believe that Sapper spent any time in the company of people with left-wing values. He seems determined to hold onto his pristine prejudices in which everybody who wishes to change society is actuated by vile or selfish motives. This demonising of his enemies ensures that the reader is never allowed to sympathise with any other viewpoint than that of Sapper's proto-fascist bully hero. You do not have to be a socialist to find Sapper’s presentation of the issues unfair or repugnant.
Worst of all, the left-wing agitators include a good many foreigners and Jews, something that is anathema to the jingoistic Drummond. Indeed the whole movement may be funded by foreigners who want to see Britain weakened economically. Sapper makes a good deal of the ‘foreign’ nature of many of Drummond’s enemies. In one scene Drummond is more anxious to get his hands on Fritz, the German man who tries to murder him, than he is on the British accomplice. This ends with Drummond gleefully murdering Fritz. Drummond attributes this to the other man showing some appreciation of his car, but why does Sapper not allow the foreign villain to appreciate Drummond’s car instead?
A similar spitefulness is shown towards Jewish agitators. At the beginning of the book, the Black Gang descend on a meeting of troublemakers. They allow the craven British members to leave unharmed, but they flog two Jewish members with a cat o’ nine tails. Again another reason is given for Drummond’s ill-treatment of the Jews. He says he does not care for their method of livelihood. It is not clear what this is, but a later allusion to White Slave Traffic would suggest that they are pimps. Well this may be a reason for giving them a flogging, but why do the only pimps in the room just happen to be the only Jews in the room?
Is Drummond a Fascist? His methods are certainly those employed by Fascists – terrorising his enemies, incarcerating them and employing violence. He holds similar opinions to Fascists – a supremacist interpretation of nationalism, combined with a hatred for foreigners and Jews. However the Black Gang are not the same as the Black Shirts. They imprison their enemies for a short spell, but only kill in self-defence. They see themselves as working against criminals in ways that the police cannot do, and they are willing to cheerfully disband when their aims are complete. They are not a private army. Drummond and his friends are Fascistic on a tiny scale, but they do not seek to create a permanent Fascist militia in Britain.
The Black Gang is better-written than Bulldog Drummond. It has a better storyline, and there are one or two moments that finally offer a more serious challenge to our hero. However it is still a carelessly-written work of pulp fiction. It seeks to spread reprehensible ideas, and it advocates ugly methods for dealing with those people whom its author does not like.