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318 pages, Kindle Edition
First published February 1, 2014
Pieces of a Man is the title of a song by Gil Scott-Heron from his 1971 album of the same name, and it is an apt title for this biography, which spans Scott-Heron’s life from his birth in 1949 to his untimely death in 2011.
In serviceable but rather lacklustre prose, Marcus Baram takes the reader through all the stages of Gil Scott-Heron’s life in chronological order. Scott-Heron was born in Chicago, but soon moved to Jackson, Tennessee, where he was raised by his maternal grandmother until her death in 1960. In 1962, Scott-Heron was one of three black students who integrated an all-white high school in Jackson. We follow Scott-Heron through his adolescence in the Bronx, his college days at Lincoln University (his hero Langston Hughes’s alma mater), where we encounter his beginnings as a poet, songwriter, and singer.
In 1970, Scott-Heron’s first album, Small Talk at 125th and Lenox, was released on Flying Dutchman records. The album includes one of his best-known songs, “The Revolution Will Not Be Televised.” Considered a significant precursor to hip-hop, it comments on the need for diverse representation in media—a vital and popular topic nowadays. Way ahead of his time, Scott-Heron was talking about this almost fifty years ago! “Gil felt that most critics missed the point of the song—it was less about condemning commercialism and more about criticizing cultural racism, how black people viewed the TV shows they watched, which didn’t include their views, let alone their faces.” (p. 82)
Long before the term “woke” came into contemporary parlance, Scott-Heron explored the concept in “The Revolution Will Not Be Televised.” He talked about the meaning of the song to PBS, “You have to change your mind before you change the way you’re living and the way you move. The thing that’s going to change people is something that no one will ever be able to capture on film, it will just be something that you see and all of a sudden you realize that I’m on the wrong page, or I’m on the right page but I’m on the wrong note. And I’ve got to get in sync with everyone else to understand what is going on in this country.” (p. 83) In other words, the first step to social change is in our minds, in the way we perceive the world.
This album was followed by a decade of influential records featuring mix of blues, jazz, soul, and spoken-word poetry, many of which were created in collaboration with pianist and flautist Brian Jackson. Scott-Heron’s fiery, politically-conscious lyrics are tempered by his wit and his empathy for the poor, the dispossessed, the forgotten, the marginalized. Two of his most famous songs talk about addiction: “Home is Where the Hatred Is” and “The Bottle.” These two songs are not your average anti-drug songs thanks to Scott-Heron’s ability to empathize with the illness of addiction: “Gil says he wrote [Home is Where the Hatred Is] in the first person, rather than the third, to avoid making it sound accusatory. ‘If you do things in the first person, then even people with those kinds of problems can look at them because you’re not talking about them. You’re talking about yourself. They can look at themselves by looking at you.’” (p. 88)
The final portion of the book deals with Scott-Heron’s own long struggle with drug addiction, which led to serious health problems, prison time, and his death at age 62. Baram treats Scott-Heron’s addiction with compassion. The last chapters of the book are truly heartbreaking.
An enormous amount of research went into writing this biography. In addition to listening to all of Scott-Heron’s music, reading his writing, and reading over a hundred articles cited in the selected bibliography, it is apparent that Baram conducted a huge number of interviews with Scott-Heron’s former schoolmates, bandmates and fellow musicians, lovers, friends, and family members. Baram’s background as a journalist shows in the depth and quantity of research that went into writing this book. That said, this biography really lacks a sense of character. When you listen to Gil Scott-Heron’s music, his searing intelligence, righteous anger, and originality practically grab you by the throat. Clearly, he must have been a fascinating character. Unfortunately, Baram’s biography fails to bring him fully to life. If you want to learn more about Gil Scott-Heron, listen to his music.