This is a solid informational survey of the history, current state, and potential future of Qanon, but it didn’t impress me too much as a book.
I’ve had a pretty strong personal fascination with Qanon since 2017, not as a believer, but as someone curious about religion, politics, sociology, and technology. It represents a hypermodern way of conceptualizing religion which, to my knowledge, has no real precedent. It seems to have started as a tongue-in-cheek alternate reality game, only to be accidentally taken seriously by people with limited exposure to the language and function of niche internet memes. Then, it spread via the algorithms of social media, forming a self-replicating kind of ideological singularity in which anyone’s speculation could quickly become canon. It was then coopted by opportunistic bad actors who saw its potential for financial and political grifting. In a matter of a few years, it became one of the dominant belief systems in contemporary American (and, to a lesser extent, global) politics, inspiring legislation, terrorism, and a total structural breakdown of information media. Many of its religious qualities definitely do fit into familiar categories: apocalyptic millennialism, prophecy, devotion to a God-King messiah, an in-group/out-group dichotomy, secret knowledge and lingo, the forcible estrangement of skeptical family and friends, the dehumanization of perceived enemies, etc. But its method of growth and the consequences thereof are utterly fascinating. Qanon thrives at the node of social media disinformation, far-right political radicalization, alternative medicine, social alienation, and existential despair. It has, despite not really having a leader and mutating on its own currents, become so simultaneously mainstreamed and obfuscated that many people believe in its tenets despite not even knowing where they come from or what they imply.
I knew of the author and was looking forward to this book, but I was surprised by its relatively shallow analysis and slightly amateurish writing style. The best parts of the book are the middle chapters, where the author explores zoomed-in human interest stories, specialized facets of the belief system, or major historical shifts in the movement. The introduction and conclusion are both pretty weak, though. The early sections really struggle to get off the ground, with a weird habit of repeating the same point in several sentences in a row, sometimes even with the same words in a different order. It feels like the author put in placeholder sentences so he could choose the best one, then forget to edit them out. Then, after a greatly improved middle of the book, it wraps itself up quickly with a portentous warning and a plea to our government to take this stuff seriously. This is all to say that the book feels like a parade of interesting facts and anecdotes in recent history without much to say about the big picture. It cites, from time to time, sociologists, historians, religious scholars, social media experts, psychologists, and political scientists, but it doesn’t really dive deeply into any of those fields.
I also don’t love the dismissive tone the author sometimes uses when describing believers. He pays lip service to the emotional and social states that drive people towards communities like Qanon, but he also frequently uses words like “weirdo,” “oddball,” “gullible,” and “kook.” This isn’t to say there aren’t some funny aspects of Qanon. The constant stream of prophecies that haven’t come true, for example. And it isn’t to say that there aren’t plenty of cynical, amoral scumbags willing to profit off vulnerable believers, consequences be damned. Those people absolutely deserve public contempt. But I believe we all have the capacity to be drawn into a cult, scam, gang, or extremist sect. We just have to be in a fragile place in our lives with a need we can’t fill on our own, and someone has to come along with an offer to join a community of special, uniquely empowered people who will accept us just as we are and validate our contempt for the people we think have wronged us. I think everyone in the world is victimized to some extent by Qanon, but I think the believers are the first in line to be hurt. And I’m not sure this book, as written, shares that perspective.
It's a good resource for the curious, but I think much better books will be written about Qanon in the coming years.