Edward de Bono was a Maltese physician, author, inventor, and consultant. He is best known as the originator of the term lateral thinking (structured creativity) and the leading proponent of the deliberate teaching of thinking in schools.
DeBono is busy blaming the ills of the world on our being stuck with the thinking of the ancient Greeks ( his gang of 3 - Plato; Socrates; Aristotle.) He is a century too late. (Popper’s Open Society & it’s enemies)
This book doesn’t add any new tools to our thinking but adds a list of his previous tools as recommended solutions to his imagined problems. He has developed a technology of thinking in the past, but seems to have little more to offer on the basis of this book. He is ignorant of development in western thinking over the past century or more.
For example - Fuzzy Logic ; Korzybski - author of « science and sanity »; Weinberg and systems theory; Gregory Bateson’s « steps to an ecology of mind ». DeBono appears to have no knowledge of these, and so cannot build on them.
He makes a plea for our education system to teach creativity rather than / as well as critical thinking - but apparently without any knowledge of constructivist paedagogy Theory. (E.g. Moore method of teaching university maths.)
His one idea in the book seems to be to be comfortable with ambiguity by holding contradictory ideas together without judging. Probably not enough to damn Plato on!
From my dad's shelve; going to talk to him this weekend about it.
There is a ton of overlap in each chapter which makes it feel repetitive, but that's part of the suggested rationality. In a post-truth society, the chapters about truth are almost more relevant than the proposed method.
The book is a statement of the author, it does not link to any literature or includes other opinions than the ancient ones.
Interestingly, some parts resonate very well and I hope it's going to be a great conversation with my dad. Might update.
Parallel thinking is author Edward de Bono's term for "laying down ideas alongside each other." In parallel thinking, people accept any idea put forward without criticizing its value to the problem at hand. You just lay out all ideas “in parallel.” Afterwards, the individual thinker or group evaluates the benefits, appropriateness, risks, and alternatives. De Bono's "six thinking hats" method, described briefly in this book (and in detail in his book by that title) guides the process.
“Six thinking hats" forms the foundation of this book's premise which is our traditional western paradigm of "critical thinking" or “dialectic” (argument, refutation) cannot solve modern problems. "Analysis and judgement" are insufficient, de Bono asserts. The key problem lies in the fact that critical thinking does not address innovation. Our fast-changing society requires a new approach that is inclusive, non-judgmental, and creative. De Bono says that concepts like "constructive thinking" and "creative thinking." are more robust. He explores those in this book.
Other reviewers note a good deal of repetition. Many chapters refer to the "gang of three" (Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle) whose writings describe the beginnings of the traditional thinking process that is in almost universal use in western society. The repetition serves a purpose, although I agree it is a bit much. That purpose stems from context, and each instance of “repetition” is actually a starting point or reference point for a chapter’s specific theme. Repeating that allusion did not impede my enjoyment of the book.
One concept in this book really struck me as valuable. The idea that wisdom comes with age is nearly universal. In contrast, De Bono asserts that wisdom can be learned and taught. You don't have to live to Methuselah's age to become wise. How? De Bono contrasts wisdom with cleverness. Problem-solvers are clever. The problem-solver, whether individual or group, discusses a problem from all angles at once, discards what supposedly “won't work” to zero-in on “what might work,.” i.e the “solution.” Failure is common. Argument and hurt feelings are the norm. Too often the process is messy, ego-driven, and time-consuming.
Against this, the processes of parallel thinking, lateral thinking (structured creativity), and the six thinking hats method generate a variety of possibilities that often lead more efficiently to a consciously-designed way forward. How does this increase wisdom? De Bono says that the act of considering multiple possibilities in depth, prior to throwing some out on shallow grounds, expands one's "creative experience" within a given problem category. The result is a greater repertoire of concepts about possibilities. Such is the basis of wisdom.
In summary, this book could use revision to make it a bit more readable. Even so, Parallel Thinking is a worthwhile read for people interested in better thinking. If I were recommending books by Edward de Bono (author of 65 or more books), this would not be first on the list. Yet it expands and adds value to the topics of Lateral Thinking, Six Thinking Hats, and other unique de Bono concepts. I rate it four stars.
This is a wonderful book to learn about problem solving for people working in all verticals. The author explicitly describes the flaws of western thinking starting right from historic perspective, and the current problems with it.
Parallel thinking is something that we should all train ourselves to use and engage in, since the potential of creative thinking/possibilities/alternative ideas is enormous.
The book becomes too repetitive in between, and sometimes becomes a drag to read. But through these little flaws of the book, one can learn revolutionary ideas of problem solving!
This is a great book on how to think in a parallel fashion or in a non-traditional way. Western thinking is failing because it wasn't designed to deal with change. Traditional thinking (the gang of 3), is concerned with search and discovery. Parallel thinking is concerned with design and creation. This book gives a history of traditional thinking from Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle which the author refers to as the gang of 3. We need to put that sort of thinking to rest and look forward. Avanti!
A number of chapters discuss the gang of 3 and you'll learn how it came to be. Socrates and Plato created order out of chaos by making truth absolute. Did you know that Plato was a fascist? This thinking led to Naziism and Marxism. Plato wrote about Socrates, not Socrates himself. We're talking 469-399BC. This thinking focused on ethics, justice, love, politics, and morality. Prior to the gang were Sophists-Greek foreigners who used oral persuasion.
The essence of the Socratic Method was to clear out errors, confusion, and false assumptions rather than bringing forward better ideas. It was adversarial and not productive, but for lawyers. Parallel thinking lays down ideas alongside other ideas, it's a design process. The Six Hats method is discussed in chapter 10. You've got different color hats that help you explore the subject at hand. It eliminates the need for argument.
As for Plato's truth it's based on what is, not on what can be. The chapter on shooting vs. fishing explains how to direct attention to the issue. Putting things into boxes is a bad idea but it's used by skilled lawyers. Another concept is water logic vs. rock logic. Go 'to' or flow, as opposed to a rock sitting there, what is. Allow contradictory views to exist in parallel and then design a way forward. Stay away from absolutes, change your wording.
We've been obsessed with what is, not with what can be. We need to get out of the past and focus on new ideas. Creativity involves a willingness to challenge, to take risks, to be provocative, so step outside the judgments that are a summary of past experience. In the parallel thinking method, contradictions are fully accepted, emphasis is on possibilities. It's different than brainstorming. It's 'maybe so', creative, and generative. Traditional thinking isn't action oriented. Business schools don't turn out the best thinkers because they focus on what is, not what can be.
We need a change mindset. In sum, traditional thinking is judgmental-it is or is not, it's either true or false, either/or, right/wrong. It's righteous, arrogant, and intolerant of plurality. It elevates critical intelligence which is the single greatest mistake and the basis of our culture and schools/universities. Parallel thinking uses design, it's a way forward, a possibility, and uses cooperation. It includes terms such a usually, by and large, sometimes. It's action, not description.
Thinking needs to be taught in schools which includes design, constructive and creative thinking.
More people need to know about this and get some serious changes in our schools starting with kids. It is a great way forward in our constantly changing times!
Parallel thinking adalah satu plihan yang dianjurkan oleh De Bono dalam mengatasi kekurangan 'Western Thinking' yang dipelopori oleh Socrates, Plato, Aristotle. Western thinking ni sebenarnya adalah kaedah pemikiran yang kita gunakan sekarang ni. Menggunakan analisis untuk buat judgement.De bono bukan sahaja mengkritik Western Thinking yang dianggap ketinggalan dan tidak releven untuk semua situasi tetapi beliau menyediakan satu pilihan baru iaitu Parallel thinking. Terdapat 38 bab dalam buku ni yang menceritakan perbezan antara parallel thinking dan juga western thinking yang menggunakan Socratic method. Kalau kau pernah baca buku tulisan Plato tentang dialog-dialog socrates, kalau dalam BM ada Mampusnya Socrates meneguk racun mungkin kau akan dapat gambaran yang lagi jelas tentang Socratic Method yang dijelaskan De Bono.
Aku tertarik dengan parallel thinking sebab dia lebih luas dan tidak membuktikan betul salah dalam mencari kesimpulan tetapi lebih berfokus kepada kebarangkalian. Kalau ikut dari sudut kehidupan seharian penggunaan parallel ni agak sukar sebab memerlukan masa dan penelitian yang lama menyebabkan ramai yang lebih gemar untuk memilih traditional thinking yang lebih berfokus, seperti membuang yang salah untuk mendapatkan yang betul. Namun, menurut De Bono terdapat dalam satu-satu keadaan yang mana wujud pertindihan antara yang salah dan yang betul dan memungkinkan keputusan yang diambil tidak tepat dan tidak sesuai.
Kaedah parallel juga berfokus kepada pembentukan sesuatu yang baru berbanding mengkategorikan sesuatu bagi melahirkan sebuah keputusan. Menurut De Bono, pengkategorian menyebabkan pemikiran kita terikat dan tindakan yang dihasilkan tidak melahirkan satu penyelesaian yang baru tetapi mengulangkan apa yang telah ada sebelum ini. Cuma persoalannya adalah apabila wujud situasi yang perkara yang sedia ada tidak mampu untuk menyelesaikan dengan tepat permasalahan atau keadaan yang wujud maka parallel thinking adalah berfungsi di sini.
De bono tidak bertujuan menghapus terus pemikiran Socratic method tetapi menyediakan pilihan yang lain dan mencadangkan agar keduanya digunakan secara bersama, dan tidak bergantung kepada pemikiran yang lama sahaja bagi melahirkan idea-idea baru dan menghadapi cabaran perkembangan dunia yang pesat.
This book is a critique of critical thinking, an exploration of thinking in general, and also lays out some of the author's own ideas and systems to improve the way we think and address some of the flaws identified by the author in modern systems.
The author begins with an analysis of critical thinking. While critical thinking has its place, it is not enough to form new ideas. Doing that requires active skills in creating, constructing, and designing new ideas, yet these are skills we rarely develop. It is not enough to be against things, we also need to be constructive. Yet we often use critical thinking to establish our superiority over an idea - because it isn't hard to find flaws in an idea - and pointing them out makes us 'better' than the idea.
The author notes that traditional thinking, as defined by the gang of three - Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, is centered around a search for truth. It is based on judgement and classification, of assigning things to boxes. The problem with doing so is that it is limiting - once you judge something into a box, you fail to recognise the world of possiblities outside the box that may yet apply to that thing. Judgement and classification leaves out possibility and potential. Possibilities are ways forward, while certainties are stagnation. 'What can be' is always more interesting than 'what is'.
The author's solutions to these problems is the system of parallel thinking, and this occupies the last third of the book. While interesting, it failed to captivate me like the rest of the book did. Overall I recommend this book for its provocative ideas and bold statements - it certainly got me thinking!
Great book for anyone who want's to understand the edward de bono system of thinking and his ideas on new way of thinking then what was present the greek 3 gang (Aristotle, Plato and Scorates ) he introduces reference to other works which one can refer to which is handy in case one want's to understand the ideas in depth. One ca pick up this book select one system to evaluate his ideas or solve problems by some the the thinking systems given in the book. The book however does not go in depth as what is written for specific system but gives enough overview over few mains that one can pick and use like the proactive thinking where one uses "po" prefix to sentences which seem illogical and build ideas over there to solve some problem another really helpful is the six thinking hats where instead of group discussions and arguments we think over a idea/problem and analyse it parallely by putting it in different perspectives and generate more ideas on it.
This book got me thinking about thinking. I really enjoyed learning about the context on how the western thinking came to be. Indian education system is largely based on critical thinking, analysis, memory so i could see the downsides such as how non-supportive the thinking instruments are for progress
Is judgement and constant criticism of ideas really helping in progress ? Is western thinking really suitable for all kinds of situations ? Am i thinking for change or just to prove i am right(ego) ?
I am left thinking about these. The book does give few techniques to incorporate parallel thinking.
Although i do not agree traditional thinking is bad. I do want to see how parallel thinking helps in progress. If there was a casestudy explaining the uses of different methods. It would have been easy to understand
There is a lot of repetition and background on early greek philosophy
Overall a fun book which introduced me to new ideas
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Mới đầu đọc thì có vẻ hấp dẫn vì lần đầu tiên thấy có một tác giả phản bác kịch liệt Socrates - một trong ba đại triết gia cổ đại - về lối tư duy nhị nguyên và ưa phản đề bằng câu hỏi tu từ.
Tác giả đề nghị phương pháp tư duy song song chấp nhận đồng thời các giả thuyết và đáp án, để từ đó phát triển thành giải pháp lý tưởng nhứt.
Tuy nhiên càng về sau tác giả càng viết lan man, dàn trải.
Người dịch thêm tựa phụ "Cuộc cách mạng thay đổi tư duy để trở nên vượt trội trong thời đại mới" bị lố, vượt quá tầm những gì De Bono đề cập.
Trong sách, tác giả bận chỉ trích lối tư duy phải-trái-đúng-sai của phương Tây do ảnh hưởng từ Socrates hơn là sáng tạo ra công cụ mới để hỗ trợ tư duy hiệu quả. Đúng là hồi trước De Bono có phát triển ra công cụ "Sáu cái nón" nhưng nó đã quá cũ. Đọc cuốn này, có cảm tưởng tư duy phương Tây không phát triển gì nhiều trong hơn một thế kỷ qua(?).
Mặc dầu vậy, những ai mới nhập môn triết học phương Tây hoặc muốn đọc thêm về tư duy phản biện vẫn có thể tìm thấy một số lập luận đáng tham khảo trong đây.
el libro trata extensamente sobre el por qué pensamos hoy en nuestro esquema mental común donde muchas veces pretendemos dividir todo en un sistema binario: bueno o malo, aceptable o inaceptable, en acuerdo o en desacuerdo. este esquema disminuye considerablemente las posibilidades de construcción colectiva que abre el no oponerse de entrada a las ideas si no más bien construir sobre ellas, diseñando en lugar de estar intentando descubrir verdades absolutas. después de esta larga explicación introduce las bases de su pensamiento lateral y citando sus libros donde desarrolla más el método que propone. le sobran unas 50 páginas que creo son repetitivas pero los conceptos expuestos abren la mente
I had always had problems with absolutes. Taking a side on an issue. Debates, where you are given a "side" to defend. This book narrows down on maybe one reason for my discomfort. I think the author presents ideas that can bring about a major shift in world. The writing is repetitive. It is a small book which can be comfortably finished in a week. But like I said, it's repetitive, so a reading marathon is pointless. I would suggest reading a few pages at a time, really think about the ideas, and it will take a considerable amount of time, because it analogou to trying to think in a different language.
Str. 26/27 - Na primer moramo sklepati (po Platonu), da je nekje resnica - čeprav so sofisti, Platonovi sodobniki, verjeli, da česa takega ni in da je resnica je nekaj, o čemer so nekoga prepričali. To, kar se nam zdi danes očitno, je očitno LE ZATO, KJER SMO TAKO INDOKTRINIRANI s Platonovimi idejami.
Str. 28- Trazimah v Platonovi Državi trdi, da je morala le vzvišena beseda, ki se uporablja za prekrivanje interesov močnejše skupine v družbi.
Str. 47- Pri prepiru se ljudje vklopljejo, nato pa postanejo ujetniki položaja.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
It did change my way of wanting to look at things, instead of judging too early on reliability and practicability of different approaches to problems. The author wants us to break free of our traditional ways of thinking, that we seek to move forward from the options rather than shutting them down too early which, would not bring any more progress. He did offer us ways to break free. However, throughout the book he kept giving emphasis on importances of us to look past traditional ways of thinking which I get it but somehow, it appeared to be dull and redundant at later parts.
Failed the 100-page test, though I continued to speed read the remaining chapters as the idea of the book seemed interesting. Overall I lost interest, this due to its dullness. I can see the point, and respect the writer for his brilliant understanding of philosophy and the dichotomy of philosophers and their visions. There is a place for this book. Just not on my shelf.
A great first read that highlights how the way we think has been created. A difficult concept to swallow for those that think that "we have always thought this way" as a society. Enlightening read that makes sense of how the early philosophers of their time shaped our general thinking in societys today. Exciting to think of what the future holds and the way that our 'style' and habits of thinking effect future generations. Loved this read.
Great book to learn new thinking methods and apply them into your daily work. Instead of excluding the ideas by critisizing them, we lay them parallel to each other and look what we can do with them and where can they lead us further. It is a great hint how to boost your creativity and design thinking, which is not much emphasized these days. The book is too repetitive in some parts, which is why I gave it 3 starts. The idea behind is great and worth considering.
A really interesting premise behond the book. De Bono tries to get away from the Socratic method (where destruction of ideas is often prized more than formulating the idea itself). Makes you think....
Great book. I love how he talks about the intelligence trap. How people who are intelligent can often defend a position and become so entrenched they cannot be reached. It also good to hole two thoughts at the same time. Someone can be a terrorist and a freedom fighter.