4/15/20: Read this with my spring 2020 Growing Up class. Maybe a regrettable topic in this time of severe mental health challenges within the isolation and other madnesses of Covid 2020.
Original review: As I approach the El every day the first thing that greets me is the suicide hotline posters. They’re everywhere as the suicide rates go up. I grew up in the sixties and in the seventies I worked a suicide hotline, I worked in a psych hospital where I recall as vividly as five minutes ago several suicide attempts, and some completions. Family members, too. You never quite get over it, all the emotions, rage, sorrow, the mystification.
I had three sisters, and I lived in this girl-centric home, slumber parties, make-up, frizzy combs, lotions, girl books and whispers, and I never even dated until my senior year in high school. Girls were a mystery to me and I was stymied about how to approach them, I on Mars, they on Venus.
I first read Jeffery Eugenides’ The Virgin Suicides in 1993 when it came out; this time I read it with some students in a kind of small seminar on Growing Up novels. I thought then and think now that it is one of the great novels. It features a narrator with a first person plural pronoun, a group of boys obsessed with a group of five sisters, in Grosse Point, north of Detroit, in the mid sixties; its ending is given away in the first sentence. Or in the title, actually, so the question is not so much what happened but why, and the answers the boys, now men, come up with are not definitive.
This is the story unnamed boys—and later, men—tell of Cecilia, Lux, Bonnie, Mary and Therese: “all lace and ruffle, bursting with their fructifying flesh” (but this is from the boys’ perspective, that male gaze, remember; how the girls see themselves remains a mystery to the boys). For the boys these girls seem the sum of the catalogue they compile of their artifacts: “a room full of crumpled panties, of stuffed animals hugged to death, a crucifix draped with a brassier, of gauzy chambers of canopied beds, and of the effluvia of so many girls becoming women together in the same cramped space.”
The tone here is sometimes black comedy, boys obsessed about girls, haha, but who cares, we know that, yet the story heads deeper into a consideration of what we can actually know about anyone else. In this case, a group of boys are curious about the natures of five girls who are cooped up in a house primarily by their mother. Why are they what they seem to be? Can they know them? The short answer is no. This question of why is also relevant in this book to those who commit suicide. Why? And we’ll never know for sure. Well, you get to decide, but Eugenides will not make it easy for you. In the process of their investigation, the boys/men gather evidence into various “exhibits” to try and determine who these girls really are,
“. . . drifting in slow motion past us, while we pretended we hadn’t been looking at them at all, that we didn’t know they existed.”
In the process one boy not in the geeky narrator group, a kind of James Dean sex god, Trip Fontaine, a boy that many girls seem to obsess about, actually asks Lux out and successfully navigates a(n ultimately disastrous) prom date, after which things get progressively worse, more repressive. So there is a touch of sex and unrequited love and all the emotions pertaining to that, in gothic teen fashion, all Wuthering Heights-ish driven mad by desire, that’s in here. But it is not clichéd, and the narrators are not grossly (at least primarily) sex-obsessed about the girls: “. . . we thought if we kept looking hard enough we might begin to understand what they were feeling and who they were.”
Throughout the book, various people pose explanations, theories for why the girls do what they do:
“Capitalism has resulted in material well-being but spiritual bankruptcy.”
“The seeds of death get lost in the mess that God made us.”
“Added to their loveliness was a new mysterious suffering, perfectly silent, visible in the blue puffiness beneath their eyes or the way they would sometimes stop in mid-stride, look down, and shake their heads as though disagreeing with life.”
“What lingered after them was not life, which always overcomes natural death, but the most trivial list of mundane facts: a clock ticking on a wall, a room dim at noon, and the outrageousness of a human being thinking only of herself.”
“We realized that the version of the world they rendered for us was not the world they really believed in. . .”
“She wanted out of that decorating scheme.”
“With most people suicide is like Russian roulette. Only one chamber has a bullet. With the Lisbon girls, the gun was loaded. A bullet for family abuse. A bullet for genetic predisposition. A bullet for historical malaise. A bullet for inevitable momentum. The two other bullets are impossible to name, but that doesn't mean the chambers were empty.”
“The repression of sexual urges” {and I have to say I recalled at this point the news—as I recall it—that in the seventies the greatest concentration of stds occurred in ones of the places with the most churches, Zeeland, MI close to where I grew up. We—that collective male we--thought of that as sadly hilarious.]
“. . . the destruction of Lux’s rock records. . .”
“. . the bland uniformity of that place. . .”
“Basically what we have here is a dreamer. Somebody out of touch with reality. When she jumped, she probably thought she'd fly.”
“Don't waste your time on life.”
Maybe the why has to do with a loosely gothic frame for the story; in the inevitably tragic demise of the family (this is never hidden from us, so can’t constitute a spoiler to reveal), the madness of adolescence is central; as with Jane Eyre, there are “madwomen” upstairs, and as in Poe’s “The Fall of the House of Usher,” the very house they live in begins to collapse in ruin and decay. Dutch Elm Disease, fish flies, the rich smells of decay are everywhere even as the girls are largely confined indoors. The girls seem from the beginning like ghosts.
But in the end, in this investigation, this inquiry, mystery alone remains; the girls, as girls, as humans, are unknowable to the boys:
“In the end we had the pieces of the puzzle, but no matter how we put them together, gaps remained, oddly shaped emptinesses mapped by what surrounded them, like countries we couldn't name.”
The boys seem wisest when they just stand amazed or bewildered or not knowing, as in speaking of:
“. . . her inexplicable heart.”
“All wisdom ends in paradox.”
“I don’t know what you’re feeling. I won’t even pretend.”
“It didn't matter in the end how old they had been, or that they were girls, but only that we had loved them, and that they hadn't heard us calling, still do not hear us, up here in the tree house, with our thinning hair and soft bellies, calling them out of those rooms where they went to be alone for all time, alone in suicide, which is deeper than death, and where we will never find the pieces to put them back together.”
In the end, The Virgin Suicides is about our ultimate unknowability from each other, boys from girls, girls from boys, humans from humans, who we are, why we do what we do, as hard as we try. And it was an exhilarating trip down sixties memory lane for me. With some wonderful writing.
Some relevant films/books: Penelope Spheeris’ Suburbia (suburbs, punk), Revolutionary Road (sixties), The Ice Storm (sixties), Ordinary People (suburbs, suicide), Todd Solonz’s Happiness (suburbs, sex), any John Waters film (youth and pop culture), American Beauty (sex and despair), Stepford Wives (suburban conformity), Peyton Place (suburban sexual intrigue), Larry Clark’s Kids (brutal teen realism), The Sweet Hereafter (teen tragedy and social trauma), Ghost World (teen urban girls); Heathers (teen girls, suicide); 13 Reasons Why (suicide), Goethe’s The Sorrows of Young Werther (suicide), Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights (gothic), Poe’s “The Fall of the House of Usher,” (gothic) and on and on.