Maybe this goes without saying but William Burroughs' cut-up pieces are so aggressively anti-narrative that they're openly hostile to the reader. The reader has no purchase on the plot (what little plot there is) and, more than that, the plot has no purchase on itself. Because of the very cut-up process, no aspect of the novel can develop; rather, there are small stretches of comprehension padded by great stretches of experimentation. This makes for a work that takes a lot of work to read, which wouldn't be so bad - most really good books are hard to read, and worth reading because they're hard - except that this particular work doesn't seem to want to be read. This kind of thing, it should be said, isn't entirely without precedent or merit. At points this recalls Acker, Pynchon, and even Joyce, who all tried out different ways of presenting language on the page and so, by extension, of presenting pages themselves. Their experiments with form all suggest a common frustration with the rigidity of that same form (i.e., the novel), further suggesting a frustration with cultural structures that enforce conformity of all sorts. This is (often) what is meant when a novel that's too hard for anyone to read is called subversive-it challenges the social order. The artist whose work this novel is most reminiscent of, though, is Sergei Eisenstein. Eisenstein's montage experiments parallel Burroughs' cut-up method, an approach meant to explore the meaning of the unexpected juxtaposition. For Burroughs, whose method was built upon the assumption that all language (both speech and text) is prerecorded, and so can only be rearranged, these rearrangements exist along a spectrum of meaning but cannot be wholly original or perfectly meaningful. I'm really sympathetic to this theory and approach, and this kind of stuff is what I think makes the Beats interesting and proto-postmodern in their views on language and signification and meaning-making, and yet for all my appreciation of subversion and sympathy of approach I find this next to unreadable. This may well be what the novel wants.