The first thing about this book is that it changed my understanding of the oligarchs. I assumed they were one big club clustering around the president. But I should have realised that such was far too naive an approach to the complexities of Russia. This book unpicks how they became oligarchs, the attitudes towards them of Yelstin and Putin, and indeed the rivalries and jockeyings of the oligarchs themselves.
Of course, so much has happened since 2009, when this was first published, that the book lacks an updated assessment of the current state of play. But it's a valuable explanatory account of the early stages of the relationship between the UK, especially London, and oligarchal wealth.
The rise of the oligarchs in the first place makes for interesting reading for those like me who are new to the subject. The way that unscrupulous businessmen exploited the voucher scheme is credible only within the context of the effect on the populace of decades of the imposition of Soviet ideology. The biograhpies of the major players go on to show shifts in allegiances, and downright betrayals, which have created complexities witin the oligarch class. While Khodorkovsky languishes in prison, and Berezovsky criticises Putin from afar, Abramovich and Deripaska are seen to remain on-message. Meanwhile at least the elder Lebedev is shown to point critical darts at the Kremlin.
But these are just the big names, and many smaller characters are brought in for illustrative purposes. However, this is no closed, introspective community. The Anglo-Russian context is not neglected, nor is the danger ignored. We are reminded of Russian ruthlessness by the assassinations of Litvinenko, Politkovskaya and Klenbikov. And what of the death of Stephen Curtis, which begins the narrative?
One reviewer on this site has condemned the attention paid to the obscene displays of wealth by the oligarchs, but then if you want to understand them you need to see the extent of their spending and what it means. I admit it got a bit overwhelming for me too, but then just summarising it all wouldn't have worked. You need to feel just how overpowering the flow of money has been to appreciate why the oligarchs wield the influence they do. After all, everything stems from their wealth and what it is used to achieve.
The authors do make a point of comparing different periods of spending, and indeed they put it within the context of earlier overspending by other overseas groups settling here. And they spell out quite clearly the damage done to Russia by the way the oligarchs have siphoned money out of the economy, by moving it offshore and by spending it overseas. This can be seen to reflect the damage done to the UK economy by allowing so many ways for the wealthy to avoid tax obligations, though this is nowhere near on the scale of the Russian situation.
Although it's clear that trickle-down economics doesn't work in the present day, much of Britain's economy is skewed towards luring the super-rich to the UK with incentives that make this worthwhile only for those who make money out of money. The authors quote publisher William Cash's description of the British as 'the financial bag-carriers of the world': 'Britain's ruiling classes used to own the wealth. Now they've become the fee-earning servants, servicing the global financial elite'. This is very true not just in respect of Russian oligarchs, but of the monied from all nations.
But there are other consequences. As obscene amounts of money are pumped into certain areas of the domestic scene, this fuels inequality and imbalance. Also it breeds a quasi-parasitic service economy which is sustainable only while wealth is there to provide it with opportunities. Examples are given of a number of such enterprises, with quotes from those who run and work for them.
This study may read on the surface like an indulgent wallow in the adventures of the super-rich, but to come away with just that is to miss the strands the authors bring together in order to show that all this excessive spending has as much significance as the bomb-proofing and detection systems that come now as standard, as it were, for an oligarch's superyachts and limousines.