I don't usually read Goodreads reviews of books before posting my own. I made an exception with this book, however, because I wanted to test a hypothesis: as positive as this book is about public libraries, and as much as Goodreads is a public library-positive place, this book would be downgraded because the author spent less than a year actually working in a public library. (Full disclosure: I'm a public librarian (ret.) with 30 years service.)
My hypothesis was more right than I expected: the overwhelmingly common refrain among those critical of the book had to do with the brevity of the author's employment, and it was cited as the primary reason for downgrading it.
This is regrettable coming from a literate culture that holds out Tocqueville to be the last word on American culture even though he was basically a Frenchman on vacation, or Dante to be the expert on Hell by virtue of an imaginary guided tour, or journalists everywhere as cable news talking head experts on topics in which they cannot claim practical expertise. Oliver's experience in a public library, together with her years as a school librarian and her library degree, qualify her to comment on the current public library scene every bit as much as if she were, say, a reporter for a local newspaper who has won a Pulitzer for investigating the opioid epidemic in a small town in the hinterlands.
Oliver's critics are missing the point. The book is not a memoir, although it has a memoir-ish aspect. She puts her experience and her education in the service of a much larger focus and purpose, which is nothing less than American society. In her words, "the American public library is a case study for American society: what we value and uphold, what we resist and weave stories around, whom we give certain access to and whom we deny it. I finally became curious about what public libraries could teach us about American society, once I had physical and emotional distance from the space where I had observed it. I started to see the library not necessarily as a failing solution or a shoddy fix-all, but rather as information about American society and culture. I started to think about how the American public library might move forward differently, and then how it might be one great teacher in how we move forward as a country." (p. 137)
I applaud her effort. I would like for nothing more than that the American Library Association mail copies of this book not just to public library boards but also to city councils around the country in order to turn them -- for a brief, shining moment -- into book clubs, which would read (it's short!) and digest this book in group discussion. There is no decent politician anywhere who does not have ideals, and this is a book that as much as anything is about ideals and idealism. How can we approach them? How have we done so in the past?
The problem with institutions is that they have not kept up with the pace and the scope of change. This is true of public libraries in spades. It is not that they have not adapted. In fact, they have adapted, and sometimes reasonably well. Oliver writes of the valiant responses of libraries forming the center of their communities during times of existential crisis. But challenges are being pushed onto libraries by default that were unforeseen and unforeseeable at the time of their creation. The result has been both that the mission has exploded (the information revolution) at the same time as it has crept (population pressures and the dissolved safety net) without proportional, concomitant expansions in budget and personnel.
The crux of the issue, as reported by Oliver, is captured in the common reaction of onlookers to disruptions in her DC branch library caused by someone with a homelessness/mental health issue: "But this is a library!" We hold in our minds an image of the ideal library as an oasis for quiet reading, study, and reflection. We also hold in our minds an image of the ideal library as not only free but freely accessible to the general public at large. The accretions of security and policy required to allow the survival of the oasis, as it happens, do not prevent the crumbling of that idea.
The book forces the reader to grapple with notions of the public good. If the public good is well-served by a "free" institution formed around the individual pursuit of education, enlightenment, and culture, what should that institution look like in today's world? How do we pursue -- on behalf of humanity -- a culture that builds up and preserves rather than one that builds up and destroys? What many people will not want to see, but that Oliver points out, is that this is fundamentally a problem of capitalism. She does not provide a nuanced critique, but simply holds up a time-honored, progressive institution as a counter-balance that deserves vastly greater support if it is to offset the unanticipated-but-nonetheless-predictable "externalities" such as link rot (I was reading this book when one day it was reported that MySpace had vaporized) and a large, unsheltered urban population, many of them in need of but completely without mental healthcare.
Oliver's hopefulness is inspirational, as is her ethical persona: She practiced in her library work and professes in this book a solidarity both with library workers and the people they serve. Her book should be a beacon. In her all-too-brief history of public libraries, she mentions that the first public-funded library in Boston adopted the motto "Omnium lux civium," which Oliver translates as "Light for all people." She re-connects to this motto in her penultimate sentence: "May libraries shine their light as unending reminders of who we have been and who we might be." (p. 188)