John Hawkes, on his birthday August 17
Phantasms, grotesques, narratives of oblique intent, the capering of monstrosities; the novels of John Hawkes are experiments in transgression, of cruelties and impossible eroticism. Here we have the delights of that most American of diversions, the carnival freak show, as the metaphor for the whole world, and our distorted images are repeated endlessly in the funhouse mirrors, casting us adrift on infinite seas.
He intends to disorient, to obscure, to misdirect; John Hawkes employs the tools of a magician's show to transform the ordinary, and with the smoke and mirrors of his words make it wonderful and new.
As an author, John Hawkes has interchangeably played the roles which define an artist's relationship to his art and to his audience, partners in creating the meaning and value of that art; Oz, trickster god, guide of the soul, and man behind the curtain; the twin roles of Frankenstein and his monster signifying in this case the ambivalence of power as a shaping force in relationships, the passion of creative insight, and the dark side of the quest for excellence and beauty; and the Holy Fool as the jester of King Lear, who in mocking and challenging authority restores the balance of the world. On the whole, the novels of John Hawkes together represent an aesthetics which drives and contains an ontology of being and identity; the triadic dynamism of the artist, his art, and his audience acting as a metaphor of human relationships within us, among ourselves and others, and with the world.
The Cannibal, The Beetle Leg, The Lime Twig, Second Skin, The Bood Oranges, Travesty, Adventures in the Alaskan Skin Trade, The Frog; his Great Books are deployed as forces in a campaign against boundaries which define and limit us, a Napoleonic project of liberation, which rests on his aesthetics of relational identity as a fulcrum of change.
The Cannibal, an infinite montage of images like a magic film of our darkest passions and dreams, is a innovative and founding work of magical realism. Brimming with horrors and wild imagination, this is also one of a handful of novels about World War II and the fight against fascism written by a soldier who participated in it, and so one of the first novels I chose to put on the reading list for the American Literature classes I taught in high school.
The Beetle Leg is a nightmare of extremity in the guise of a western, unforgettable and compelling. Written as a protest against the Hollywood Blacklist and the repressive social policies of the McCarthy era, John Hawkes herein turns the lens of critical theory and literary methods he developed to combat fascism in Europe against its American counterparts as symptoms of the same disease. His analysis seems prescient and horrifyingly relevant today.
The Lime Twig, a crime drama parody of artfully constructed sadism and violence; like The Cannibal it is a Dantesque descent into an underworld of nightmares, in this case a criminal world which parallels our own as its dark reflection. As with all his works, beneath the surfaces of our illusions there is a deep well of inchoate passions, a Shadow realm in which all things may run amok. And its siren call ever beckons.
Second Skin, once again a reimagination of classical mythology, this time drawing on the Oresteia and the Iliad as its sources, describes the cannibalization of the old sailor by his own mad passions, acting as furies or hungry ghosts which, once awakened and loosed, are titanic forces beyond control. John Hawkes' use of Freudian decoding and interpretation of his classical sources is given free reign here, like an image set in bas-relief .
The Blood Oranges, a lyrical investigation of narrative truth which like the ourosbouros swallows its own form infinitely, also reshapes Greek mythology to the uses of a social criticism in which Beauty has replaced The Good as the highest ideal. Considered as the quadrants of a personality, its four main characters, moving among the frames of Alma Tadema's paintings, enact a process of creative individuation which predictably fails, due to the tragic flaw and sin of Pride of his energizing force in the narcissitic figure of Cyril, and resulting in the loss of Paradise. In this tragedy and reimagination of the Fall of Man, John Hawkes has launched his most unambiguous attack on Romantic Idealism.
Travesty, a homage to Camus' The Fall, is the monologue of a vile psychopath in a novel of existential terror which is the shadow of Ballard's novel Crash.
Adventures in the Alaskan Skin Trade, gloriously funny, a ribald satire of America as image and ideal, written for once as straightforward story with relatable characters. It is also point-precise social criticism, displaying an erriely accurate familiarity with his material; Alaska really is full of wonderful and eccentric characters, as are many frontiers where the law ends and we find ourselves entirely at liberty to be who we will. Our idea of America as a frontier, and ourselves as living beyond the boundaries of the known and ordered world, is presented here as the source of both our freedom and our folly. That which makes us great also makes us terrible. This is his most accessible work, which abandons not plot, character, and other recognizable signposts, and where anyone expecting to read an actual story should begin.
The Frog offers a strange fairytale, grotesque and sublime, filled with philosophical discourse and eroticisms.
Actually, if you read all eight of these novels in order, as I have done, and taking notes as you go, please let us know your answer to the great question of democracy posed by the lifework of John Hawkes; Can we escape the tyranny of other people, without ourselves becoming tyrants?