Jump to ratings and reviews
Rate this book

In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity

Rate this book
Daniel Kevles traces the study and practice of eugenics--the science of "improving" the human species by exploiting theories of heredity--from its inception in the late nineteenth century to its most recent manifestation within the field of genetic engineering. It is rich in narrative, anecdote, attention to human detail, and stories of competition among scientists who have dominated the field.

448 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1985

30 people are currently reading
798 people want to read

About the author

Daniel J. Kevles

21 books12 followers
Daniel J. Kevles (born 2 March 1939 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American historian of science. He is currently the Stanley Woodward Professor of History at Yale University (a position he assumed in 2001) and an Adjunct Professor of Journalism at Columbia University. He was previously a professor of the humanities at the California Institute of Technology, where he also served as faculty chair, from 1964 to 2001.

His research interests have been primarily on the history of science in America, the interactions between science and society, and environmentalism. He is best known for his survey works, which generalize large amounts of historical information into readable and coherent narratives. His books include The Physicists (1978), a history of the American physics community, In the Name of Eugenics (1985), currently the standard text on the history of eugenics in the United States, and The Baltimore Case (1998),[1] a study of accusations of scientific fraud.

The mathematician Serge Lang subsequently waged an unsuccessful campaign to prevent Kevles from being granted tenure at Yale, claiming that Kevles' book was too sympathetic to David Baltimore.[2] Although sharply criticized by Lang and some others as well,[3] it was generally praised for meticulous scholarship and detailed reporting.[4][5][6]

In 2001 Kevles was awarded the Sarton Medal by the History of Science Society. Recently he has been working on a history of the uses of intellectual property in relation to the life sciences from the eighteenth century to the present.

Ratings & Reviews

What do you think?
Rate this book

Friends & Following

Create a free account to discover what your friends think of this book!

Community Reviews

5 stars
52 (30%)
4 stars
57 (33%)
3 stars
49 (28%)
2 stars
9 (5%)
1 star
5 (2%)
Displaying 1 - 14 of 14 reviews
415 reviews12 followers
February 19, 2012
This is the most thorough book on eugenics in the U.S. It is just loaded with information about what happened as concerns the origins of IQ testing, the institutionaliztion and sterilization of the disabled (even some who technically were not disabled but just poor), and some other unethical practices that happened on our shores that were edging close to those being practiced by Nazi Germany. I used this book quite often in papers I wrote on medical ethics as far as care for the Disabled were concerned. I found it very readable...even the references and bibliography.
Profile Image for Mohmed Abd el salam.
45 reviews34 followers
April 2, 2013
إرتبط البدايات الاولى لظهور علم وراثة الانسان أو اليوجينيا بالفلسفة والتقدم العلمي للوراثة عموما . كان نيتشه هو أول من بشر بظهور " الانسان العظيم " ، وجعل مهمة الأحياء إنجاب سلالة تصلح لأن يخرج منها هذا الانسان العظيم . ولا مكان للضعفاء أو المعوقين في عالم نيتشه ، فقد تمنى لو نشبت حرب كونية لتقضي عليهم جميعا ،ليبقى فقط ( من يصلح (

كذلك فإن التقدم الصناعي ارتبط بالميل لتحديد النسل لدى السلالة المميزة ، وتحسين الرعاية الصحية والاصلاحات الاجتماعية رفعت متوسط العمر للسلالات الضعيفة والفاسدة .

جاءت تجارب مندل الوراثية ونظرية التطور عند دارون لتدفع أكثر نحو دراسة تحسين سلالة الانسان بشكل علمي مقصود ، كان السؤال : هل يجب أن تعمل الوراثة من خلال توجيهها لتحسين نسل الانسان مثلما يتم مع الخيول ! كان علماء اليوجينيا الاوائل مشغولين بإثبات صحة هذا الطرح من خلال الدفع بأن الطبقات الدنيا كثيرة الانجاب تنخفض نوعيتهم من حيث الذكاء والقوة البدنية ، بينما الطبقات العليا والوسطى وهم من يخرج من نسلهم الجنود والعلماء والقادة يعزفون بشكل مطرد عن الانجاب ، حاول علماء اليوجينيا أيضا المقارنة بين ما تنفقه الدولة من أموال لرعاية المعوقين والمتخلفين عقليا في مقابل ما سيتم توفيره ف حالة تعقيمهم . بل وصلوا إلى نتيجة إحصائية ان السلوك الاجرامي وإمتهان البغاء تتحكم فيه الوراثة أيضا


ومن خلال أبحاثهم في اليوجينيا إخترعو إختبارات الذكاء ( أي كيو ) ، حاولوا إثبات أن مستوى الذكاء العام يختلف تبعا لإختلاف العرق ، والبيض طبعا أكثر ذكاء من السود ، والانجلوسكسون أكثر ذكاء من شعوب البحر المتوسط وإفريقيا ، بدأت الوراثة تستخدم لتبرير العنصرية ، وإحتاجت أوروبا أن تكتوي بنار
النازية لكي تعيد النظر في هذه الافكار .د

تجاوز علم وراثة الانسان بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية الكثير من الافكار الاولى لليوجينيا ، وكف العلماء الغربيون عن توظيف العلم ( خصوصا علم الوراثة ) لخدمة أغراض سياسية أو عنصرية .

الكتاب ممتع للغاية ، لعته سهلة وعالية التبسيط ، لا تشعر معه بعيب في الترجمة أو الملل . لا يمكنك أن تفهم كيف يفكر الشخص العنصري إلا بقراءة هذا الكتاب ، فتاريخ الوراثة إرتبط بالعنصرية بشكل وثيق . سوف تندهش حين تجد أن الوراثة موجودة حتما في اللاوعي الانساني ، الكل ينظر إلى أطفاله عندما يختار زوجه ، نحن لا نختارأزواجنا فقط ، بل نختار أطفالنا في الوقت نفسه بأفكار يوجينية !!
Profile Image for Timm.
10 reviews3 followers
May 29, 2018
Don't be fooled by the jacket text: this is in fact a history that only covers USA & UK.
Profile Image for Israel Laureano.
458 reviews11 followers
November 17, 2023
Es un libro de divulgación que narra muy detalladamente la evolución del concepto de eugenesia, partiendo de la idea de “mejoramiento de las razas”, la polemización de las ideas de raza, de herencia de características, inteligencia, salud…, y de cómo los avances médicos, estadísticos, de estudios de campo, y la ampliación del concepto de “humanidad” (por ejemplo, a fines del siglo XIX no se tomaban en cuenta puntos de vista femeninos; a partir de pruebas IQ a otras “razas”, se pudo concluir que la inteligencia no es ni superior ni inferior dependiendo del origen o herencia; que muchas enfermedades sí son heredables, pero los mecanismos de herencia son complejos e indirectos), pero sobre todo por las prácticas eugenésicas de la ideología nazi (que mató y esterilizó a millones de personas y no logró nada), las prácticas de esterilización, tratamiento genético y aislamiento fueron abandonadas. Se relata cómo se desarrollaron y afinaron los nuevos métodos genéticos y de biología molecular.
Se han abandonado las viejas prácticas, englobándolas en lo que ahora se llama “antigua eugenesia” y se está llevando a cabo un desarrollo continuo de lo que se conoce como “nueva eugenesia”.
Profile Image for Bianca.
231 reviews6 followers
December 11, 2021
A super comprehensive study of the British and American Eugenics movement that includes a fascinating look into the lasting power of these ideas. For example: IQ tests were created by eugenicists (like true actual in the name eugenicists) based on the idea that intelligence is fixed. We’ve never really challenged that as a society, even though twin studies and studies on children in foster care have proven that to be blatantly not true. So, how come my students are still evaluated for an IEP based on a discrepancy in areas of their IQ scores? Like, it was wild to see the names of tests I know (Stanford and Binet, Weschler, Johnson, etc) being thrown around as people who were the head of the American and British Eugenics movements. The farther we go…

3 stars because I was confused by the organization. Yes, it was thematic, but I wasn’t able to get a great hold on the progression of the movement as a whole because every few chapters we would go back to the 1920s and end up in the 1950s. Additionally, I would have liked to see more about how these ideas still have hold on us today.
3,540 reviews183 followers
February 8, 2022
I think this is an excellent book, I only failed to give it five stars because I have read a 1985 edition so clearly what is said in the concluding chapters is dated. Also there has been considerable research and many books (often tendentiously sensational) since 1985 but, as an introduction to an important subject I think Mr. Kevles book can not be bettered - I am sure the later editions have been updated - I just haven't seen one - and I believe an understanding of the way Eugenics developed is important when looking at today's pseudo sciences, such as Creationism. Bad Science is not best battled with bad or misleading writing. Why the awful things that were done in the name of Eugenics happened needs to be understood because it is only that way that different but equally awful things are not allowed to happen.

An excellent and thoughtful book.
Profile Image for Samuel Rosean.
13 reviews
March 18, 2023
Its difficult to give it an eight when it is so disjointed, but it is also an amazingly in-depth portrait of the intermingling of human biology and eugenics in the anglo-world (and a very small bit of continental and Japanese eugenics) through the late 19th and early 20th century. I think any biologist or anyone interested in human genetics in any capacity should be familiar with these names and these conceptual links. As an author he fails to go beyond just listing facts and dates, and as other reviews here will note he jumps around in time A LOT which makes it hard to grasp the timing of many of these important events. The book could really benefit from a timeline at the end to refer to or something at least.
Profile Image for James.
61 reviews
November 26, 2023
I've had this book a few years now and was initially put off because of the tagline, but it was in the bibliography/references of Jon Turney's "Frankenstein's Footsteps" which I read last month, so I figured I'd better get in and see what all the fuss was about. Such a delight to read, an incredibly in-depth look at the Anglo-American eugenics movement from conception to publishing date of the book. Should be compulsory reading in school, and it is amazing to see how far-reaching the brainrot of the eugenics movement reaches even still today.
Profile Image for Chris Johnson.
15 reviews2 followers
March 21, 2018
book was very good. a general outline and understanding of the players in the eugenics movement. only complaint focuses a little more on the British side of the eugenics movement. he skips over some of laughlins major "contributions" to supreme court rulings and helping Nazis
Profile Image for Esraa.
24 reviews7 followers
February 13, 2014
كتاب من تاليف دانيل كليفس...وترجمه الرائع د.احمد مستجير
كتاب هايل بيعرض قصه تاريخيه علميه هايله
يمكن لو ف شئ لاحظته..هو ان د.احمد مستجير بيتمتع بكتابه ادبيه علميه ذات اسلوب فريد وكانك بتقرا سيفمونيه
لكن معتقدش ان روعه الاسلوب دى توفرت عند ترجمته لهذا الكتاب ..ده اولا
ثانيا الكتاب تقيل جدا من حيث المعلومات..وعايز تركيز..واسامى كتير هتقع ف النص لكن هتستمتع
لكتاب فلا خلاصته مفيد..بيبدا معاك من ول ازى نطت ف دماغ فرانسيس جالتون فكره اليوجينا وازاى بدا لمصلطح..لحد اللحظه اللى بنوصل فيها للهندسه الوراثيه ولثوره البيلوجيه الرهيبه
اعتقد لو مكنش فرانسيس جالتون سال نفسه السؤال ده وصاغ هذ لمفهوم من 1883..مكنش هنوصل للثوره ف الهندسه لوراثيه الموجوده حاليا
ويمكن اكون ببالغ..ولكن عقليه جالتون عجبتنى ..وان كنت ف غايه للكرهه للتاريخ الاسود لتطبيق فكره اليوجينا لانه اعتداء سفر على حريه المواطنين حتى لو عاجزين ذهنيا
الشكر كل الشكر لشخصيه اثرت فيا طول الكتاب؟د.ليونيل بنروز الراجل ده عظيم وبرنس
Profile Image for Corbin Routier.
186 reviews4 followers
December 9, 2014
The book covers the history of how Europe and eventually parts of the U.S. sought to scientifically understand how the human species could improve. Sterilization, I.Q. tests, and illogical justifications of why those in power were in power are all covered. It displays the history of rich men who attempt to describe what are biologically superior traits. These attempts culminate in inhumane acts, largely culminating in the genocide of Jews during the Holocaust. It demonstrates how these men wrongly came to conclusions and why it was foolish to even try.

"A society composed of uniformly perfect men," he said, "would be highly imperfect. The essence of perfection among plants, animals, and most certainly man was variety."
-Daniel J. Helves paraphrasing J.B.S. Haldane
Profile Image for Nada Mohsen.
90 reviews23 followers
July 5, 2015
حقًا حين يتجرد العلم والعقل من الاخلاقيات والمنطق يمكن أن يحدث الكثير مما يصدم
لن أفرض هذه النقطة على مؤسس العلم فلا أعلم بنيته :D :v
ولكن التطورات العنصرية البشعة فكريًا أو فعليًا .. والتي بدات من عصره

النجمتين لكم المعلومات التي استفدتها ولأسلوب الترجمة الذي كان ممتازًا

لكن الكتاب في رأيي غير منظم بالمرة .. يوجد تكرار بشكل ممل .. تفاصيل كثيرة لا علاقة لها بأي صورة لما حولها.

علم جديد تعلمت عنه .. وجانب اخر من العنصرية عرفته عافانا الله
Displaying 1 - 14 of 14 reviews

Can't find what you're looking for?

Get help and learn more about the design.