I like that in Ambrose Bierce's works of literature there is no fatherly morality, although they are on the topic, where you can find enough space for talking about universal values. In those stories that I read, as if in invisible ink on all pages, above the text, “It happens” is signed. Children are cruel, though innocent — it happens. Husbands can love their wives and, at the same time, want to fight and kill — it happens. Sometimes sacrifice can be for the sake of the whim of another, and a person dies stupidly and for no reason — it happens. From the stories "Killed at Resaca" and "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" I was left with the impression of the senselessness of the actions of the heroes, their decisive actions, and their high feelings. The classic alignment in the stories that we usually hear and read is that the loser is a villain deserving punishment or a victim of circumstances, that the fight takes place with an opponent who has his own interests and it just so happened that they and the main character did not manage to come to a compromise. On the whole, some generally understandable intensity of emotions for people, the desire for justice, the alignment of forces, and the knowledge that maybe the rivals and not necessarily both are bad or good, but that their struggle is a way of overcoming difficulties for the sake of something that deserves and requires struggle, requires their choice at every turn. In Bierce's stories, although there is a nominal villain (for example, the Yanks) and the heroes act, escape, suffer, but, in reality, the outcome of the battle with him is defined not within the framework of their choice, but within the framework of chance. As they say, such is fate. Such is the fate that the only time Peyton Farquhar ever had a real substantial opportunity to perform a feat in the name of the Confederacy, it turned out to be a trap. And such is the fate that Lieutenant Brayle turned out to be very impressionable and then one day he did not see that ravine. And such is the fate that the house of a deaf-mute boy caught fire (because in the text I do not see any specific reasons why this should have happened to his house). It happens.
Well, all the heroes become hostages to the whims of their fate, which always turns out to be rather unattractive. Do you want to feel sorry for them? Each reader, of course, answers this question for himself. Putting all the facts together, the answer seems pretty clear: is it possible not to sympathize with a little boy who sees his mother's corpse in the glow of his burning house, or a respectable planter who is hanged because he wanted to help the Confederacy, or a young lieutenant who dies because that he did not want to look like a coward in the eyes of the lady of the heart?
Those plot pictures that the author builds are built from such clear, clear facts that if there were no second bottom in them, then why would Ambrose Bierce become a classic of American literature and influenced, for example, Lovecraft? I think it's not about detective mysteries, but about what his characters are by nature. The author does not dissemble, hiding their best qualities, so that it would be easier for the reader to say goodbye to them: at one moment we see human feelings in them: love, affection, a sincere, kind desire for happiness, and at another - something demonic, terrible, like in a deaf-mute boy who, without any pity, tries to ride on a wounded soldier and cheerfully leads an army of crippled people, or in Farquhar, who dreamed of fighting so much that he rendered any service to the Confederation within the limits of his conscience, which did not deny the “frankly villainous dictum that all is fair in love and war". This unconscious cruelty, thirst for violence and authority exposes the inner ugliness of these characters, which no longer allows using the rules of morality so unambiguously. And I think the great thing about these stories is that all these characters are very human, very typical in terms of how often they can be seen in many of us. At the same time, I don’t see any harsh reproach to the heroes in Bierce’s stories. It's like he's saying: “It's just how it works”. Such is life, such is the alignment. After all, he himself went missing when he voluntarily went to fight in Mexico.
It seems to me that Bierce's stories are such a kaleidoscope of stories that are united by a common pattern of all the bad in those who could not be suspected of it according to the common general agreement who is considered as a bad person. Therefore, these stories can be read to at least be horrified by what a terrible, chaotic world is around us and how much we can be cruel without realizing it.