Review on Growth of Scheduled Castes and Tribes in Medieval India by Dr K S Lal.
This well researched book is a gem for all those who are curious to learn the actual state of the present day STs/SCs during Medieval Ages, especially in Hindu Society. This book challenges and devastates the false extreme narrative built first by colonial Western Indologists and was later popularised by Marxists Historians, that Hindu upper castes used to unleash unimaginable amount of inhuman atrocities on lower castes and hence are the major reason for the widespread poverty among lower castes.
It mainly explains the following salient points which the historian has quite lucidly and convincingly proved backed by countless primary sources from contemporary times :-
1. The primary reason for rapid increase in massive number of SCs and STs in medieval india is large scale fleeing of city and village dwellers to deep forests and mountains, on account of oppressive Islamic tax collectors and rulers. Upon staying disconnected from their original culture, these fleeing communities developed new set of their own rites, rituals etc which shaped their new culture in forests.
2. Upper and Lower castes have always fought shoulder to shoulder against the Islamic invasions, for the Islamic forces did not distinguish between the difference castes/classes in Hindi society. Hence, there tenet commanded them to look down on all as kaafirs and thus they have the right to force convert or butcher them all.
3. Statistics say while mostly the upper caste converted under different circumstances, the lower caste had pride in their culture and community and avoided adopting Islam.
4. Untouchablity was primarily due to the abhorrence of most of Hindus population towards anybody who takes beef or any similar animal, irrespective of caste, religion etc. (including Westerners and Islamists).
5. Restrictions on entry of lower castes into temples was never a widespread phenomenon. In the book, the author has talked about the basic design of most of the major temples in India which does not allow much of public space for masses and thus restricts most of the people in the city or village. However, in all public events like Rath Yatra, or any event where God or Goddess is taken around in a religious procession, there is not historical evidence of any restrictions on basis of caste or creed.
6. Most importantly, it should be noted whatever disabilities we read about were imposed on lower castes, it is primarily due to the foreign regimes who caused it through their religious, social and political discriminations and atrocious polices towards Hindus in general.
7. In those times too like now, there were some orthodox narrow minded Who discriminated against lower castes but their population was alway minimal and their action was never in vogue.
Overall, quite informative and thought provoking book by Dr K S Lal.