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Hubert Lederer Dreyfus was professor of philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley, where his interests include phenomenology, existentialism, the philosophy of psychology and literature, and the philosophical implications of artificial intelligence.
Who cares about Heidegger's critique of metaphysical systems in the western world and especially those metaphysical systems underlying the modern science and technology? In general no one, except a few continental philosophers. The story of the first AI research groups from world's top universities can be seen as a huge and unintentional experiment on these metaphysical assumptions/hypotheses. After years of failures, it proved that Heidegger was into something important and that Dreyfus was absolutely right in this book.
Dreyfus confrontation with the AI community is more than a theoretical and academical critique. They didn't understand him and, blindly and with hyper-optimism, held on to their original project; while he moved into irony, ridicule, and personal attacks. The book is technical and serious, but also funny and painful.
The AI project changed a lot since then; however one is tempted to ask: how much is still based on old (or new) metaphysical assumptions about humans, intelligence, knowledge, science, technology, world, and so on?
I was looking for a rundown of the dawn of AI and this was it; it's not the most gripping read but there were plenty of interesting and enlightening moments. In the revised edition, the reader gets a wonderful summary of all progress from the late 50s to late 70s. I'm glad I read Dreyfus' skeptical and perhaps cynical take before books from breathless futurists (although I did read the Wait But Why AI series first, which is about as "breathless" as it gets) - the ideas will stay with me for a fair time.
dreyfus is probably the most hated man in computer science circles. he stood up and said AI is a pipedream. now whether he's wrong or right (i tend to agree with him, because i'm a rhetorical man) isn't so important as the fact that he's opposition. that's how science works. prove him wrong, minsky!
This book could have been great and compelling, even many years after its writing at the start of a new field, if it weren't so bogged down in attacking and insulting everyone in the field. (No, I didn't read quite to the end; in the final part, after having systematically critiqued every AI researcher he could find for bad scientific process, the author drags out some rumor he heard about someone's failed project as evidence to support his point, and I just decided that was enough for me.) It is interesting sociology to see how strongly divergent these opinions are, and there seems to be good personal writing from Agre on that point, on the failure to communicate.