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Of Water And Spirit: Ritual, Magic and Initiation in the Life of an African Shaman

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An African shaman recounts his childhood as a virtual prisoner in a Christian seminary, his initial rejection by his fellow Africans, and the death-defying Dagara initiation ritual he performed that reconnected him to his heritage and people.

311 pages, Hardcover

First published January 1, 1994

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About the author

Malidoma Patrice Somé

17 books219 followers
Malidoma Patrice Somé was from the Dagara tribe of Burkina Faso, formerly Upper Volta, West Africa. "Malidoma," in his native language, means "be friend with the stranger." He was an initiated, gifted diviner and medicine man of his tribe. He held three master's degrees and two degrees from the Sorbonne and Brandeis University. His well-known book Of Water and the Spirit: Magic and Initiation in The Life of an African Shaman is treasured throughout the world. In the years preceding his death, Malidoma devoted part of his time to conducting intensive workshops with his wife Sobonfu.

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5 stars
1,109 (60%)
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442 (24%)
3 stars
198 (10%)
2 stars
51 (2%)
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19 (1%)
Displaying 1 - 30 of 197 reviews
Profile Image for Mariusz.
2 reviews35 followers
May 10, 2013
One of the most important books I have ever read.
It is about people who have not forgotten what really matters, what is life and... Here in Europe we have lost it centuries ago and now we are trying to make other loose it, too. And we are quite successful in that, unfortunately.
Is there a way back? Malidoma says there is. Thank you, Malidoma.
Profile Image for ndelamiko lord.
9 reviews3 followers
February 24, 2010
One of the most intriguing, heart-wrenching, compelling narratives... steeped in mysticism and walking the line between the corporeal and spiritual realms. MUST READ.
Profile Image for iva°.
742 reviews110 followers
October 19, 2020
već u uvodnom tekstu, znaš da ti je neobična knjiga u rukama. ukratko opisavši svoj životni put, od ranog djetinjstva u dagarskom plemenu (burkina faso, afrika) do tri doktorata na sorbonni, malidoma patrice somé predstavlja ti kroz nekoliko rečenica ono što će detaljno opisivati kroz cijelu knjigu: plemenske običaje, tradicije i kulturu plemena koje je -uostalom kao i mnoga druga- nasilno kristijanizirano od isusovaca, u svrhu "stavljanja na jedini ispravni put" - a to je, jasno, put bijelaca, europe i kršćanstva.

nakon što je kao četverogodišnjak otet iz svoje obitelji i odveden u misijski centar, biva podučavan (i batinom, dakako) i emocionalno i seksualno zlostavljan do svoje dvadesete godine. nakon incidenta (kad mu je pukao film i pretukao jednog svećenika), bježi natrag u svoje selo i prolazi kroz obred inicijacije.

rekla bih da 80-90% onoga o čemu malidoma piše nama, europejcima, posve je neshvatljivo. šamanski obredi, vizije, pogrebni običaji, čarobnjaštvo, posjet i boravak u drugom svijetu... i sve to ne kao alegorija/metafora, nego kao stvarnost, kao plod otvorenosti duhu, kao prihvaćanje nadnaravnog koje, upravo prihvaćanjem, postaje naravno.

čitaš s nevjericom, na svoj racionalni način pokušaš shvatiti ono što je intelektom neshvatljivo. vjerodostojnost knjizi daje upravo malidomino europsko visoko obrazovanje i sposobnost da povuče paralele između bijelog i crnog čovjeka, između cjelovitog ljudskog bića - između duha/duše i sakatog tijela.

preporučam onima koje zanima plemenska kultura, rastezanje sposobnosti duha, i koji su izuzetno otvoreni prema kulturama u kojima mrtvaci nakon svoje smrti hodaju, zečevi razgovaraju s ljudima, tikvica ti proriče sudbinu, a minijaturni ljudi pokazuju ispravan životni put. totalno nadrealno.
Profile Image for Danny Druid.
252 reviews8 followers
January 11, 2016
This book is a real treasure. Malidoma is an indigenous medicine man of the Dagara tribe in Africa, who was kidnapped at a young age by the Jesuits and forced to learn to speak and write in Frech. After escaping from the Seminary he was being held captive and "De-Africanized" in, he returned to his tribe and learned his ancestral ways. Then he journeys back into the world of the white man in order to act as a voice for indigenous peoples.

This is the first book of its kind that I've read. I have read plenty of books ABOUT indigenous peoples written by westerners, but never a book written BY an indigenous person. So it is a really great opportunity.

Reading this book really expanded my consciousness in a powerful way. To quote Malidoma, "My horizon of reality had been expanded". I feel more open now to the possibilities that can arise as we live in this magical world. Even the most open-minded person will be challenged by reading about Malidoma's profound experiences.

The best part about this book is all of the occult and mystical content. The details of Malidoma's initiation, his dreams, the rituals he has to undergo, are all really powerful and reading them is sure to move the soul of any spiritual aspirant and increase their faith.

This book has convinced more than ever that we 21st-century humans are living in what the Hindus call the Kali Yuga (Age of Darkness). The happiness and joy that is experienced by the Dagara tribe - the closeness to Nature and the spirit-world, the loving community, the opportunity for every person to fully realize their individual selves - is the birthright of every single living human being. But we are cut off from that birthright because we deluded by the idea of technological progress. Instead of the natural society experienced by the hunting-and-gathering Dagara tribe, we experience the meaninglessness, isolation and stunted growth that comes from being a human in a technological society. This delusion of technological progress has not only made us blind to the magic of nature by dulling our perception but it has also made the spirit-world angry with us, such that it won't even want to communicate with us even if we tried. Moreover, the things that so many westerners dream about (like flight to other worlds, or encountering strange but fascinating sentient beings) are easily achievable through the mystical visionary states of indigenous shamans.

I really have no doubt that there was a time when we Western Europeans lived and experienced the world just like the Dagara tribe did. Our pagan heritage speaks to that. One only needs to read a book of european mythology to be convinced of that fact. And after countless cycles of civilizations rising and falling, perhaps we shall return to this way of life.

Highly recommended to any truth-seeker.
69 reviews
December 29, 2008
The book is an exquisite document of the initation rites of one tribe in West Africa. However, it was really about change and compromise and how the West/Euro culture could learn from indigenous people if only we would listen. I felt the need to be initiated as I read the book, though I kept wondering about the females and what their initiation looked like. I'm going to have to buy this book so I can have it on hand for beautiful thoughts on death, growing up, ways to see the earth and magic.
Profile Image for Patrice.
1 review24 followers
March 13, 2008
this book inspired me greatly and is probably in my top five favorite books of all time...i've read it a few times and will read it again a few more times i'm sure...
28 reviews1 follower
August 12, 2007
I read this book in my first African studies class. It is a great example of the affect of Western values and colonialism on the traditional society and the roles within that society. It also talks about the individual development of man, the relationship between generations, and the respect of other cultures. It's a great read, especially because it comes from something other than a Western point of view.
Profile Image for ElenaSquareEyes.
475 reviews15 followers
March 30, 2021
I found Of Water and the Spirit to be an interesting and thought-provoking take on the interaction and conflict between spirituality and academia. Somé is a man who has multiple degrees, undergraduate and postgraduate, so is a very knowledgeable man in that respect, but he also has a great spiritual belief. To me, as someone who is an atheist, it is impressive yet feels contradictory that an educated person can believe so whole-heartedly in the powers of a talisman or a medicine bag.

Somé has important things to say about culture, unity and learning from the mistakes of your ancestors. His discussion of ancestors is interesting as it seems like the Dagara people are very in tune with their past and their ancestors so they can learn and evolve, whereas in the West we often easily forget about the past and ignore any past wrongdoings. According to Somé this is why the West isn’t tolerant of those who are from different cultures and faiths, and it’s not until people look to their past and own up to past atrocities that they can move forward.

Of Water and the Spirit has some stunning imagery as Somé describes what he saw and felt as he went through the initiation. It’s magical and beautiful yet unsettling as boys get burnt or die during the initiation, but Somé also sees some beautiful things.

Considering Of Water and the Spirit was published in the mid-90s it’s disappointing that many of Somé’s observations on tolerance, understanding and belonging are still just as relevant twenty years later. Somé is a man of two worlds and he never fully feels like he fits in either of them, the “educated” West and his spiritual village, but what he does feel is a sense of purpose and a belief that it was his destiny to gain so much knowledge and use that to spread his beliefs and try to make people more understanding.

Of Water and the Spirit can feel a bit preachy at times, but it’s difficult to dislike the memoir because it is what he went through and believes he experienced. We are all different and believe in different things and it was interesting to learn about the culture and beliefs of the Dagara people.
Profile Image for Dolf van der Haven.
Author 9 books26 followers
August 19, 2022
Around-the-world #115: Burkina Faso 🇧🇫.
An interesting enough story, albeit quite protracted, suffers from its own intent. The author grew up in a traditional fribal society in Burkina Faso. He was kidnapped by French Catholic priests and forced to study at Catholic school and seminary for fifteen years hefore returning to his ancestral village. There, he got reinitiated into his original culture by going through six weeks of initiation rites.
From the beginning of the book, the author claims he wants to form a bridge between his own traditional culture and western culture. However, he continually expresses disdain for western culture, at one place claiming it is "sick" because westerners lost their connection with their ancestors. At many places in the book this disdain becomes apparent. Ultimately, he is given the mission to go to the West and promote his traditional culture there to "heal" whatever we are missing.
He seems to miss the point of a bridge: it goes into both directions. There is value in his traditional culture and there is also, different, value in western cultures. Both can learn from each other. One is not necessarily better than the other, no matter what western people did to him. There's different perspectives that can be combined for a fuller view of reality. The continual disrespect the author shows for western cultures and his belief in the superiority of his own makes it impossible for him to be a real bridge between cultures. Therefore, the book fails in its mission.
I almost forgot to mention (as I am male), that the author's ideal tribal society is of course also completely paternalistic. In his story, females only play supporting roles.
Oddly, the author recently died (December 2021).
2.5 stars.
Profile Image for Muhammad.
162 reviews53 followers
July 23, 2019
I wasn't impressed and I'm sorry, I'm calling bullshit. He was born in 1956. If your people didn't know about the "nipula" by then, they could have just came and asked us who've been in their land since the 1500s. Something stinks here.... and I know bullshit when I smell it! Maybe I'm reading this at the wrong time in life but the writing wasn't good and the story wasn't even close to being believable... and I'm black! I don't know how the ratings for this are so high.
24 reviews1 follower
June 27, 2011
Eye-opening, awesome personal story. Might make you think twice about what the world is and can be.
Profile Image for Eli.
120 reviews2 followers
December 18, 2024
I think I might have found my bible??
Profile Image for Molly Ison.
177 reviews14 followers
Read
January 10, 2024
I am skeptical. Not of Somé's experience in an abusive mission school or of his escape. And not of his real and perceived experiences during his initiation rite. I'm skeptical that he ever had enough time spent with the Dagara to have become a shaman or have any basis to teach anyone else about Dagara culture and beliefs. It feels instead like, desperate to belong and to have a story that wasn't about rejection and disassociation, he grasped on hard to making his story one of special significance.

Instead of being one of many young men going through a rite, he was a Chosen One whom the elders could recognize as being the equivalent of a shaman at heart by the end. Instead of being sent away because he didn't have a place in the village or because college was a good decision, he had a special mission to make a bridge with Western culture. That way, he wasn't like the other boys who left the village to seek worldly acquisitions, he had a purpose. I don't know that this is inherently bad, but I do think it's somewhat misleading.

A large part of my skepticism came about when he said in an interview that he had a posh job as professor/lecturer at some well regarded American universities, but the elders didn't intend for him to build a bridge to the West by having a comfortable life so... he quit teaching where he could reach hundreds of Western students and got involved in the men's movement and various New Age groups, selling ritual workshops. Really? That was the grand vision the elders had for him? REEEEAAALLY? It feels like a lot of missing missing reasons.

Anyway, he's a good storyteller and it's a compelling story, but I also think there's some stolen shamanic valor going on.
Profile Image for Kamila Kunda.
430 reviews358 followers
October 6, 2025
What do you understand as knowledge? How is knowledge obtained in our cultures? What burden and what responsibilities does being knowledgeable carry? These questions, and many more, were constantly on my mind while I was reading “Of Water and the Spirit” by Burkinabé author and spiritual leader Malidoma Patrice Somé (1956-2021).

I found the book very thought-provoking and reading it was a deeply soothing experience for me. It transcends the boundaries of memoir, philosophy, and spiritual testimony and offers not only a glimpse into the rich spiritual traditions of the Dagara people of Burkina Faso, but also a profound meditation on what it means to know, to belong, and to be fully alive in a world that often forgets its sacred roots. Somé’s writing is an act of cultural and spiritual bridge-building - between Africa and the West, between seen and unseen worlds, between human understanding and the ineffable mystery that underlies existence.

At the heart of the book lies a radical redefinition of knowledge. For Somé, true knowledge is not limited to intellectual understanding or empirical proof, as imposed on him by the often abusive priests at a Christian convent school; it is a living, experiential, and spiritual force that binds the individual to the community and the cosmos. Through his initiation into the Dagara world, Somé reveals that wisdom is inseparable from relationship: with ancestors, with nature, with the unseen energies that sustain all life. The book calls into question Western notions of education and rationality, showing instead that knowledge is sacred only when it nurtures harmony, meaning, and collective wellbeing. In this sense, “Of Water and the Spirit” is both a personal story and a philosophical appeal for a more integrated, mindful way of being.

Somé acknowledges the profound limitations of human language to capture spiritual truth. He invites the reader into spaces where words falter, where silence and ritual communicate more deeply than speech ever could: “(…) human language has access only to the shadow of meaning.”

Reading this book felt like an intimate awakening to the presence of spirit in everything, every aspect of life.
Profile Image for Monitily.
47 reviews59 followers
March 30, 2025
La historia de Malidoma Somé me ha impactado profundamente. Un viaje desde la infancia en su aldea dagara hasta las tensiones entre dos culturas que parecen irreconciliables.

La primera parte es luminosa, llena de ternura y sabiduría ancestral. Su infancia junto a su abuelo está narrada con tanto cariño que se respira la tierra, el fuego, el ritmo del día a día.

Toda su vida se corta abruptamente con el trauma: su experiencia en el seminario jesuita, que duele, remueve y es desgarradora. Ha sido la parte más difícil de leer para mí, precisamente por su crudeza y por la carga emocional que arrastra. Me hizo llorar de dolor, de impotencia, de rabia.

La tercera parte, dedicada a su iniciación, es la más compleja de asimilar. No porque sea menos interesante, sino porque como el propio autor admite, es casi imposible poner en palabras algo tan profundo y simbólico.
Profile Image for Carmen.
2,777 reviews
October 16, 2020
The chief declared the beginning of the meeting by clearing his throat loudly. "We are here tonight to water our garden. But this is not like our regular watering, for that which grows in our garden needs far more water than we have believed. A few months ago, this grandson of ours found his way back to his roots, coming out of the wilderness where the white man lives -the one who hunts men. When the spirits have a plan for someone, he survives even the unsurvivable."
Profile Image for Milan De Roode.
38 reviews1 follower
November 23, 2025
I had a very vague idea what this book would be about but I’m positively surprised after having read it.

The author tells his story about being kidnapped by French Jesuits, being sent to a boarding school, escaping, returning home and reintegrating.

It weaves into it themes of philosophy, colonialism, rituals and magic. It’s beautifully written and had me sitting on the edge of my seat while reading, while at the same time conveying lots of wisdom.
Profile Image for Grace.
3,327 reviews214 followers
October 7, 2021
Around the World Reading Challenge: BURKINA FASO
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3.5 rounded up

Really interesting memoir detailing the early years through initial young adulthood of the author. The writing was really excellent and captivating, and he did a great job attempting to capture and convey a set of spiritual and cultural beliefs and practices that are incredibly different to the way most Western people view and experience the world. This isn't necessarily the kind of book I gravitate towards and I didn't fully connect with the story, but I appreciated it, and I'm glad I read this one for Burkina Faso.
94 reviews
January 14, 2024
Probably 3.5 stars.

I really liked the message of this book; the importance of connecting with ancient wisdoms, especially when they are such a strong part of your culture. However, the book itself dragged on at times and seemed to lose its way in the middle before coming back to full strength at the end. Not unlike Malidoma himself, come to think of it…
Profile Image for Taylor Stone.
106 reviews
December 31, 2023
I read this as part of my yoga teacher training syllabus. I was genuinely surprised at my enjoyment of this book - the storytelling nature was preferable and Malidoma’s experienced shed light on how eastern and western philosophies diverge and intersect.
Profile Image for Maddy.
4 reviews
February 20, 2022
If I could recommend one book I’ve read in the last year to anyone it would be this one. Emotionally and spiritually profound.
40 reviews1 follower
May 5, 2022
Incredible memoir. Malidoma is extremely poignant author, his life story is full of difficulty and awe. Such an eye opener to read his experience of the white man’s world view (steeped in violence)- many aha moments for me having grown up in US. Then his recounting of African initiation and beliefs and magic is astounding. I see myself as spiritual and believe in the occult, but parts definitely still left me in moments of incredulity. I believe all of his experiences are real, they’re just really profound and magical. So many incredible passages. Loved this book.
Profile Image for Zhana Zhana.
Author 16 books25 followers
September 14, 2021
I read this powerful memoir by Burkina Faso’s Malidoma Patrice Somé many years ago. I recommend it to anyone who wants to know more about the effect of colonisation on the African psyche.

In the first half of the book, Somé lives a peaceful life in a village in which his grandfather is a highly talented shaman. After his grandfather dies, Malidoma’s father gives the six-year-old child to the Catholic priest. The father had given his children by his first wife to the priest, and the children had all died, as had his wife.

Malidoma and the other children are brutalised for many years. As we now know, Catholic priests have been accused of abusing children physically and sexually. As this book makes clear, this was happening in Africa as well.

When Malidoma eventually manages to escape from the seminary, he cannot speak his own language and has never seen a map of his own country. So how will he find his way back home to his village?

Perhaps the most important part of the book is the Introduction, in which Malidoma states that African leaders all went through the same education he did. This indoctrination programme was designed to separate leaders from their own people. The effect of this supposedly elite education is to encourage leaders to look down on their own.

The second half of the book describes Malidoma’s initiation, which he undertakes in order to be considered truly a part of his own village community. It is made clear to him to that the initiation is dangerous and he is risking his life by taking it on.

Anyone who wants to understand the strength and power of African traditions needs to read this book.
Profile Image for Harry Rutherford.
376 reviews106 followers
September 14, 2010
Somé was kidnapped at the age of four and taken first to a Jesuit-run boarding school and then a seminar, where he was a victim of physical and sexual abuse. At the age of 20 he fled the seminary and walked back to his home village. When he saw his family for the first time in 16 years, he could no longer speak his native Dagara and had lost touch with his native culture; so he underwent the long, harrowing ritual initiation that boys normally go through at 13.

He then realised that his calling was to go out and teach the western world about traditional wisdom; the book ends with him leaving the village again. He went to university and earned a few degrees, and he now seems to work on the New Age lecture circuit and the men’s movement.

I have to say, as I read the introduction which explains this stuff, my heart sank. The cocktail of academic jargon, self-help, the supernatural and purple prose could have been specifically designed to annoy me. But, to be fair, once he gets going, it is pretty interesting. He never completely shakes off the tendency to flowery prose…

The sun had already risen. A few scattered clouds were speeding across the empty zenith as if running away from the threat of the burning disc.


… but the academic and self-help stuff is much less intrusive. And the supernatural is after all the main subject of the book. As I was reading his descriptions of magical experiences he had before his abduction, all of which happened before he was four, I wondered whether all the impossible things he was witnessing were explicable by his extreme youth, and the embellishing powers of memory. But his experiences during the initiation as an adult are every bit as remarkable.

Assuming that he’s not just a professional bullshitter who made all this stuff up because he knows it is marketable — and I’m not really suggesting that’s the case, although it did occur to me as a possibility — his visions/experiences were extraordinarily complex, specific and precise. Since I’m not a believer in the supernatural, I couldn’t help speculating about what kinds of psychological and physiological effects might have created these experiences — quite fruitless, of course, since I only have one very specific perspective on what happened and I don’t have that kind of expertise anyway.

Really, that’s not the point, though; I’m not reading with the book to argue with it. What I would hope to get out of this kind of book is some kind of insight into the traditional culture of the Dagara. And there certainly is some interesting material about the rituals, about the use of divination, the decision making of the elders and so on. But the magical experiences themselves weirdly didn’t ring true to me.

I know I’m the worst person in the world to judge the authenticity of shamanic experience, but when I’ve read stories from oral cultures before I’ve always been struck by the genuine weirdness of them, a lack of the kind of narrative logic I expect. I don’t get that from this book; for all the impossible things happening, they sort of read like a version of shamanic experience as imagined by a westerner. Perhaps that’s unsurprising, given the relatively small proportion of his life Somé actually spent in his home village compared to the time spent elsewhere. He is inevitably as much a product of French colonial education and western universities as he is of Dagara culture. Or perhaps he is consciously targeting it at a western readership. Or, very likely, my idea of what a shamanic experience ought to be like is completely wrong.

One way or another, it’s certainly interesting. Of Water and the Spirit is my book from Burkina Faso for the Read The World challenge.
Profile Image for Sportyrod.
665 reviews75 followers
October 3, 2019
A West African tribal boy is abducted by priests to learn the white ways. He spends his childhood in a boarding school and is treated in the usual horrible ways of such establishments.

Upon his return home he has to relearn the ways of his community including his language. The focus of the story is his initiation ceremony which takes six weeks. Most of the things that happened sound like being hypnotised or put into a highly suggestable state of mind. Or so it would seem. If taken literally he was able to visit the spirit world, fly, clamber over a bridge of crocodiles and so forth.

I felt like the book had a lot of anticipation but no real climax or satisfaction from learning things. There were alot of ‘what’s’ but little ‘how’s’ or ‘why’s’.

Some of the most interesting plotlines were not fully developed such as his resentment of his parents for not taking greater lengths to rescue him. I was looking forward to some conflict resolution. I was also hoping he might reconnect with some of the other abducted children. And the mission he was given at the end was so sad it left me feeling empty as to why he was given this mission.

Overall, I enjoyed learning about some traditional rituals and was fascinated by the way they live. But the book was more like a preview with a heavy section on initiation ceremonies.

I would recommend this to anyone who likes West African culture.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for Val.
2,425 reviews87 followers
June 3, 2016
The book concerns the story of a young man who is taken from his village, educated in a Jesuit school and then returns to his village and undergoes an initiation. There is a conflict between the two ways of life, but more so between two ways of thinking.
He is chosen by his elders to teach Westerners how to think like Africans and act as a kind of ambassador for his culture. The problem for him is that it is not his culture any more, as he spent his childhood away from it and is already 'Westernised'. It seems as if he is trying to convince himself of the meaning of his African heritage, it is not something he is steeped in.
The problem for many Westerners is that they have difficulty getting into this alternative way of thinking. It is a good attempt to bridge the gap, but does entirely succeed.
Profile Image for Sonya Welch-Moring.
3 reviews
August 4, 2020
This is Malidoma's first book. It recounts the story of his early life in a Missionary school where he was sent by his father at five years old and from which he ran away in his late teens. Back to the village where he underwent a rites-of-passage journey into manhood and subsequently to the USA where he was sent by the Elders. His name means to 'make friends with the stranger' and his life path has been to bring the wisdom of the African ancestors to those around the world who could benefit from their wisdom. It's a wonderful read, uplifting and inspiring for all seekers of 'other ways of knowing', and especially for those on the ancestral path.
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