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卢梭的《忏悔录》堪称整个西方文学史甚或文化史上最著名的自传作品;是卢梭在文学方面的主要成就;与早期基督教神学家圣奥古斯丁的《忏悔录》具有同样经典的地位;对后世直至今天都有深远的影响。本书是作者晚年处于悲惨地时的悲愤自省、呕心沥血之作。整个自传是在颠沛流离、四面受敌的逃亡生活中断断续续完成的;主题是想通过自己历经坎坷的一生反映社会对人的残害和压迫。卢梭满怀感情地讲述自己的“本性善良”;古代历史人物又赋予他崇高的思想;但是社会环境的恶浊以及人与人之间关系的不平等;却使他受到了侵染和损害。卢梭历数他孩提时代寄人篱下所受到的粗暴待遇;入世后社会对他的虐待和他耳闻目睹的种种黑暗与不公;愤怒地揭露社会的“弱肉强食”、“强权即公理”的现实。更重要的是卢梭把自己作为人的标本来剖析;通过举世无双的自我忏悔;将自己灵魂的真相真诚地、赤裸裸地呈现在世人眼前;其坦率程度是史无前例的;从而为自传文学树立了不可逾越的最高标的。
439 pages, Kindle Edition
First published January 1, 1773
There are times when I am so unlike myself that I could be taken for someone else of an entirely opposite character.
I have always laughed at the false ingenuousness of Montaigne, who, feigning to confess his faults, takes great care not to give himself any, except such as are amiable; whilst I, who have ever thought, and still think myself, considering everything, the best of men, felt there is no human being, however pure he may be, who does not internally conceal some odious vice.
I know my heart, and have studied mankind; I am not made like anyone I have been acquainted with, perhaps like no one in existence; if not better, I am least claim originality, and whether Nature did wisely in breaking the mold with which she formed me, can only be determined after having read this work.
Toutes les fois qu’avec le livre de Philidor ou celui de Stamma j’ai voulu m’exercer à étudier des parties, la même chose m’est arrivée; et après m’être épuisé de fatigue, je me suis trouvé plus faible qu’auparavant. Du reste, que j’aie abandonné les échecs, ou qu’en en jouant je me sois remis en haleine, je n’ai jamais avancé d’un cran depuis cette première séance, et je me suis toujours retrouvé au même point où j’étais en la finissant.
Every time I tried to study the game using the books of Philidor or Stamma, the same thing happened; after tiring myself out, I found I played even worse than I had previously. And in general, whether I stopped playing or tried hard, I never got further than I had during that first session, and always found myself at the point I had reached on finishing it.