In 1793, Philadelphia was the center of the new United States. It was the legal capital, the largest shipping port, the center of commerce and trade, the leading city for the study of medicine and learning in general.
The winter had been mild. That summer there was a drought and, with no municipal water system, people captured rainwater in open barrels for their use. During the summer, the city experienced an influx of people fleeing a bloody slave rebellion in Santo Domingo. With them came the yellow fever.
The Plague lasted 100 days, from August through November. There was little the learned doctors could do at the time to treat it, but they tried and they argued bitterly over which method was the most efficacious. Dr. Benjamin Rush (a signer of the Declaration of Independence) was convinced his method, which included copious amounts of bloodletting and emetics of mercury, was the only sure cure. He fought bitterly, mostly in the local paper, with doctors who disagreed.
Meanwhile, those who could leave, did, including George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, and the U.S. Congress. The Governor of Pennsylvania left. The Mayor of Philadelphia, Matthew Clarkson, stayed to cope with the nearly total breakdown of society. Fortunately, there were plenty of heroes among the middle classes, the Free Negroes, and the trades. The book describes how Philadelphia survived.
There are a couple of interesting side notes. The U.S. Government was being pressured by France to assist them in their war against Britain and Holland, which Washington was loathe to do. The Plague caused the government to scatter and little business was done. Other cities, especially New York, pitched in to supply cash and goods. A hospital was organized, as was an orphanage. Streets were cleaned in an effort to dispel the "miasma" that was thought to cause the Plague. (That mosquitoes were the vector--and were breeding the water barrels--wouldn't be discovered until the work of Walter Reed in 1901.) Dolley Madison lost her first husband, John Todd, and their infant son, to the Plague.
Written for the layman, "Bring Out Your Dead" is a fascinating look at medicine and society in post-Revolutionary United States.