"You could see it in his nervous eyes. You could see it in his shaking hands. You could see
it in the three prescription bottles in his room: one to steady his galloping heart rate, one
to reduce his anxiety, one to minimize his nightmares. You could see it in the screensaver
on his laptop- a nuclear fireball and the words 'FUCK IRAQ'- and in the private journal he
had been keeping.... 'I've lost all hope... I feel the end is near for me, very, very near. Dark-
ness is all I see anymore."
-David Finkel- 'Thank You for Your Service'
For 15 months in 2007-08, 'Washington Post' journalist David Finkel was embedded with the men of the Army's Second Battalion, 16th Infantry Regiment (the 2-16) , during their deployment to Iraq. He wrote about this deployment in his book, 'The Good Soldiers'. In this book, 'Thank You for Your Service', which was published in 2013, Mr. Finkel revisited a number of the men of the 2-16, and through interviews, military records and his access to service members' emails, letters, and personal journals, he presents a glimpse into the lives of these veterans and their families as they struggle to resume their lives in what Mr.Finkel refers to as the 'after war' period.
David Finkel provides background on a number of the veterans of the 2-16 in this book and each of the chapters allows a peak into each life... experiences in Iraq, his current health... both physical and psychological, emotional challenges and the perspectives of spouses, girlfriends and family members. An emphasis IS placed on one particular veteran, however....Sgt. Adam Schumann, who is the subject of the quote with which I began this review. Mr. Finkel catches up with Adam Schumann (age 28) two years after Schumann had walked into an aid station marked 'COMBAT STRESS' and asked for help. During his deployment, Adam had been experiencing symptoms of combat stress although no one had known he had been suffering. Adam received a mental health evacuation out of Iraq and ultimately back to a life he was finding every bit as difficult in Junction City, Kansas.
Two years after Adam's return to his wife Saskia and their two young children, his life appears as unsettled and chaotic as it was the day he boarded the first flight in his long trip home. David Finkel describes Adam as appearing physically healthy... " .. out of the army and has gained back some weight.When he left the war as the great Sgt. Schumann, he was verging on gaunt. Twenty-five pounds later he is once again solid...". But Adam is still carrying invisible scars. He suffers from depression, migraine headaches, violent outbursts, mild traumatic brain injury from a mortar round which fell without warning and left him unconscious for a short period of time, PTSD... and there is the recurring nightmare that he can't seem to shake of carrying his fellow soldier, Michael Emory, across his back. Having been shot in the head, Emory's blood continuously flowed from his wound into Adam's mouth. Adam is haunted by this scene in his nightmares and can't seem to rid himself of the taste of Michael's blood in his mouth.
Adam Schumann and his wife Saskia made frequent trips to the Veterans Administration Hospital in Topeka, Kansas, a 60-mile trip, so that Adam could see doctors and counselors, and of course, to pick up his many prescriptions. As Adam made the rounds of the various professionals at the hospital, Saskia waited and often wondered if the appointments, the drugs and the therapy are doing any good. She thinks about Adam's depression, his occasional violent behavior and the way his personality had changed. He wasn't the same man he had been before his deployments. She tries to remain hopeful about their future but it's clear she is struggling with maintaining her patience with Adam through his violent outbursts and his desire for isolation. She also struggles with her own feelings of depression and the stress of caring for their two children and their constant lack of money. I couldn't help but feel that Saskia could have benefited from some of the same resources that were made available to Adam. There WERE times that Saskia was invited to sit-in during Adam's therapy sessions; and it was obvious that the counselors were aware and concerned about how Adam's struggles affected the entire family. But Saskia made a point of always saying... "He's still a good guy. He's just a broken good guy." I was struck time and again while reading this book that Adam Schumann's marriage and his family.. along with the other veterans who were profiled... were in extreme crisis most of the time. Many seemed to be struggling not only with physical and psychological challenges but also extreme financial pressures. And although the doctors and counselors at the Veterans Hospital cared about their patients, their ability to address the challenges being faced often seemed ineffective or temporary.
As much as one person's story can be considered 'typical', Adam Schumann's personal experiences appear hauntingly similar to all the other veterans' stories that are related in this book. The lives of these men and their families are characterized by a constant sense of chaos and crisis... anxiety, excessive alcohol consumption, sleeplessness, nightmares in which they are haunted by war experiences, quick and unexpected violent behavior and constant suicidal thoughts or multiple suicide attempts. In one shocking and painful scene portrayed in the book, Adam sits in his basement....
"It's a room of dimness and shadows. The bare lightbulb hanging from the ceiling unlit, and
what little light is leaking into the room feels gray and dirty. Adam is in the middle of the room,
seated on a folding chair. He is faced away from her (Saskia) and holding the shotgun against
the underside of his chin. His thumb is on the trigger. The safety is off.... So this is where he will
die, then. Not in a Humvee... not in the war, but here in the furnace room, next to the room his
daughter wants him to paint, under the room where his son is asleep , and a few inches from
his terrified wife. She asks him to put the gun down. He doesn't.... He moves the barrel of the gun
from his chin to his forehead. His thumb is still on the trigger. He moves the barrel back under-
neath his chin and starts crying so hard that the barrel becomes wet.... He says something now ,
about being a bad husband, a bad father, a disappointment; about being twenty-nine and
feeling ninety; about being a disgrace. His mind is roaring , and meanwhile his thumb is still on
the trigger, the safety is off, the gun remains loaded and Saskia stands next to him, begging
and waiting for the sound of the gun and for him to explode. And what saves him is another
sound, that of Jaxson (his son). His crying comes through the floorboards, sudden and insistent..."
This traumatic scene plays out many times in the lives described in this book and they never stop being disturbing and difficult to read. These men are seeking help.. showing up for appointments with endless numbers of doctors and counselors. They are carrying around grocery sacks filled with assorted pharmaceuticals and struggling to live some semblance of a 'normal' life; but the stress and hardships these families experience bleeds through on every page.
David Finkel is not particularly critical of the Veterans Administration and perhaps rightly so. It's apparent that the individuals which make up this bureaucracy are trying their best to provide care for these veterans, despite appearing overburdened and perhaps underfunded and understaffed. There are also private charitable organizations which are attempting to aid veterans... one of which is located in California and operated by a veteran and former social worker named Fred Gusman. Fred founded Pathway Home, which became the first residential treatment program for veterans. Adam Schumann spent some time at Pathway Home and the time se spent there DID seem to leave him feeling calmer and more hopeful about his future... one of the true bright spots in the book.
But what does this book accomplish? At first glance, David Finkel, in his honest and raw reporting on Adam Schumann and other members of the 2-16, he seems to be attempting to educate and inform the public. But the title of this book... 'Thank You for Your Service'.. led me to think more deeply about not only about the lives of these men and their families but also about the society and culture we are a part of. This book encouraged me to dig a little deeper. According to information from the Council on Foreign Relations, the United States military, which became an all-volunteer force after the draft wa ended in 1973, is now comprised of men and women who make up less than 1% of the general population of the United States (0.5%). And according to a report from the Department of Defense, 20 veterans committed suicide EVERY DAY in 2018.
When thinking about the statistics I found, I was struck by the fact that although the United States has been at war for nearly 2 decades (Afghanistan and Iraq... and also conflicts in Syria, Libya, Yemen, Somalia... among others), the men and women involved in these never-ending wars make up less than 1% of the general population! The stress and hardships being placed on this small group of people and their families is enormous and is shockingly illustrated on every page of David Finkel's book. Meanwhile, the remaining 99% of society seems to remain blissfully ignorant of the struggles and pain faced by returning veterans.
I don't pretend to know what these veterans need and it seems that even the Veterans Administration and the Defense Department are struggling to answer this question. But to me, this book, 'Thank You for Your Service' asks that, as a society, we get engaged in educating ourselves about the experiences and needs of veterans and perhaps instead of offering the shamelessly inadequate platitude 'thank you for your service', we can actually find out what is needed. Maybe we can begin by demanding that our elected officials end what seems as an often casual and thoughtless commitment to endless war.It seems to me that we all need to be reminded that war and conflict should be entered into only as a last resort and after a great deal of careful and thoughtful consideration.