As my psychiatric rotation coming to an end, the system builder in me are getting on with.a specific psychotherapeutic plans in mind, already been applied to selected patients of mine. The psychotherapeutic plan heavily drew from Jungian analytic psychology and existential psychoanalysis in theoretical aspect and main psychoanalytic tools. A later corollary to my vision would be from the American positive psychology popularized by Dr Martin Seligman.
My interest in psychoanalysis was indirect; my full attention in my early years was devoted to a study to define and delineate reality. And this naturally requires construction of apodeictic propositions, and thus I spent most of the time studying Kant, Schopenhauer, and then by extension Kierkegaard, Nietzsche and Wittgenstein. From Kierkegaard’s Fear and Trembling, Sickness unto Death and The Concept of Anxiety naturally arises in me the existential concern plaguing the Western man. And I wallowed in Nietzsche’s skepticism in institutionalised religion and how it only knows to proscribe, but not to prescribe and address the questions of meaning and purpose from the view of the individual.
Later, I renounced my existential wallowing and rediscovered Kant, with his study of a priori knowledge. The need for certain universal axioms in order to produce a rigorous metaphysics, in a way, made me relate for the need of such in the realms of subjective feelings; thus psychology. And that is how I found Jung with his study for the archetypes. As much as the a priori propositions on the forms of sensibility applied to the realm of experience, the archetypes provided infallible substrate for the human infant to progress on in his early days.
Studies have sufficiently shown how babies indeed knew and experimented on the notions of basic physical facts i.e. gravity and solidity, and also on morality concepts of good and bad. How can this babies learn about this complex facts without the intermediary of language and understanding? Jung believed babies inherited archetypes, symbols and motifs from the ancient times that served as an interface in its interaction with the external world.
Thus, the babies in its yet-dawned consciousness, relates to its environment by the virtue of these archetypes. Through repetitions of exposure and rapport, these images loses its numinous aspect and made way to its physical corollary. Thus, the infant in a way yet to recognise its physical parents, but learned to interact with them by the virtue of the archetype of the syzygy, the motif of the divine hermaphrodite parent. It is from this motif the infant learnt that she has to entrust its entire sustenance to the syzygy, and actually gained physical impressions from the physical counterpart of the syzygy; breastmilk, everyday care et cetera. And it is through this delicate transfer between the phantastical syzygy to the mortal parents that determined the infant’s worldview.
And thus, through the idea of Jung, I gained the idea of the unconscious. And it is these unconscious, repressed material that causes disturbances in the person. While psychiatric illness do manifested biologically in the form of neurotransmitter disturbances, and this would be managed through medication, the risk of relapse and rehabilitation cannot be dependent solely through medication.
The medication could be compared to the hand that would pull the patient out from the gorge; without which no therapy can help. But after the patient is pulled from the gorge, it is the therapy that helps in remission of the patients. Thus, the importance of psychotherapy.
Freudian idea of psychoanalysis, while he was the first to provide the world with the concept of it, is too reductionist and simplistic. To reduce the wails and woes of man to repression of sexuality is more than simplifying it. Jung believed that the unconscious possesses teleological process; that instead of merely content being in equilibrium (and thus to defend its status quo, as Freud believed), the unconscious strives towards completion and thus requires the conscious, and vice versa. It is very apt that Jung said, we are enlightened not by making the light lighter, but to make the darkness conscious.
Thus, the unconscious has to be made light and incorporated into the conscious. The unconscious heralded its presence through the vehicle of dreams and projections; to make itself known to the conscious that it is hurting. And this is the relevance of dreams and Active Imagination comes from.
This book provided and excellent way in conducting a dream analysis. I myself has employed this technique to my patients, and it was very cathartic, more cathartic than pointing out the parapraxes.