Jason Burke is Chief Reporter for the Observer in London. He has written a superb book about conflict and violence in the Islamic world, an area he is thoroughly familiar with having worked and travelled in the region since 1991. Burke’s analysis of the causes and consequences of violence and militancy is nuanced, thoughtful and based on years of interviews, field work and reflection. Yet he never writes as an apologist for the militant Islamists or terrorists. Unlike many journalists, Burke has made an effort to learn about Islam and has also studied Arabic and Urdu. The book is quite lively as Burke describes his travels, excursions into combat zones, and contacts and interviews with a wide range of actors that include Islamic clerics, jailed terrorists, Kurdish rebels, and various thinkers in the field.
While the subtitle of the book refers to the “Islamic World” the bulk of the book is focused on Afghanistan, Iraq and, in particular, Kurdistan. Burke has specific sympathies towards the Kurds and their plight, although he does recognize how hard it has been for the Kurdish nation to find a common voice. The book does contain brief excursions to other parts of the Islamic world: Palestine-Israel, Algeria, Kashmir and southern Thailand. These are amongst the most interesting parts of the book and I wish Burke had spent more time and space discussing them.
Burke’s goal has been to understand militant Islam and to find explanations to the anger and the ensuing violent acts committed by a generation of Islamists. He makes some poignant observations, distinguishing between grievances based in particular situations in specific places (Kurdistan, Palestine-Israel, Egypt, Chechnya, Algeria) and the globalized Islamic extremism often practiced by alienated and frustrated young men from Europe or the middle classes in places like Saudi Arabia. He also draws sharp parallels between the left-wing terrorist movements of the 1960s and 1970s, as well as the right-wing extremism ranging from the original Nazis to the still-existing neo-Nazism. He arrives at a conclusion that “it is the grievance that comes first and is voiced within whatever discourse is available and makes sense at the time.”
At the end of the book, Jason Burke summarizes his experience thus: “For a long time I had tried to find some kind of general theory that would unlock the secret of ‘Islamic militancy’ and I suddenly realized it was impossible to do so. There was no single answer. Indeed the point was that there was no single answer.” 'On the Road to Kandahar' is a thoughtful book that is worth reading for anyone who is concerned about the issues pertaining to the conflict with Islam, its causes, and how we should attempt to deal with it.