"Turner looks beyond his routinized discipline to an anthropology of experience... We must admire him for this." -- Times Literary Supplement How is social action related to aesthetics? In what ways do the large and small crises that fill not only the nightly TV news but also our daily lives relate to the genre of theater? Victor Turner deals with these and other questions in a classic study that ranges from anthropology to acting, from everyday life to artistic genres.
Victor Witter Turner was a British cultural anthropologist best known for his work on symbols, rituals, and rites of passage. His work, along with that of Clifford Geertz and others, is often referred to as symbolic and interpretive anthropology.
I had no prior knowledge of anthropology, and virtually none of performance studies either. This books make a startlingly compelling introduction to both fields, being very readable and yet fascinatingly deep. Turner must have been a lovely chap, and as his culture easily stretches across continents and epochs, his prose leaps from factual account, analytical reflexions or historiographical arguments with grace and simplicity. I don't think this book was written as an introduction, but save for the more technical discussions of Hayden White and co. this I believe would make an excellent first read for anyone excited about 'grand theories of everything' but weary of their jargons
Turner poteva di certo sfoltire il testo e anziché scrivere 20 volte le stesse cose in maniera diversa (cosa che crea non poca confusione), avrebbe potuto scriverle una volta sola, in un unico capitolo. Niente a togliere al suo lavoro, sicuramente interessante, però certe volte bisognerebbe far scrivere alla gente che sa scrivere e lasciare i filosofi del cazzo a filosofeggiare nella cameretta. Conclusone: il liminale e il liminoide potrebbe infilarseli su per il culo, che dopo 200 pagine di ripetere le stesse cose non ho ancora capito cosa vogliano dire, PD.
Turner's ideas about the role of ritual in everyday life were interesting. They seem in some ways a precursor to the performative theories of people like Judith Butler, but Turner (as a cultural anthropologist/sociologist) is less focused on the construction and performance of individual identities and more interested in how theatrical rituals construct communities in "tribal or agrarian societies" with liminal rituals--rituals which are important in constituting a community and which are central to structuring the identities of every member of the community. In contrast to this are liminoid rituals, in which participation is optional or elective, and which may be constitutive of the identities of small groups within a large society, but not of the entire culture itself.
Some fascinating and provocative ideas, particularly his concept of "social drama" as a core narrative manifested in forms ranging from Greek tragedy to the litigation process.
Unfortunately, this little book is a brutal, jargon-filled read, a collection of essays only loosely connected and edited together. It's also deeply rooted in 1970s academic and cultural debates that are difficult to follow for readers not well grounded in the bitter mess of the discipline of anthropology in that era. The chapter on students acting out his ethnographic work was thin to the point of gaseousness and seemed to add little but self-congratulation.
What the hell, where is the materialist analysis? How can you talk about rituals without considering the differential roles people are forced into depending on their class, gender, race, sexuality, and so on? This is the most generalised, non-intersectional take of ritual and play I've read. Sure, it's good to develop a general framework to understand social dramas, but fucking hell, it's like every subject mentioned is just a blank body (over here, over there, but otherwise, nowhere). There's even one part near the end where the Olympic Games are called humanistic. Yeah sure, a great fucking ritual that's displaced poor communities and laden numerous countries with debt; a Hellinistic spectacle that's run by Coca-Cola, McDonald's, petrochemical and car manufacturers, and banks with investments in military technologies.
Fuck, I hate this apolitical liberalism that doesn't take a stand on anything and yet nevertheless presents itself as something progressive. Yes the body matters in ritual, but that ritual takes place in a greater political space, and if that political space isn't analysed, then all knowledge generated is merely indicative. It's just another referent in a system of positive phenomena. The point of critical thinking is to move beyond this. It is to take a fucking stand on the societies and cultures we are analysing, so that they may be transformed. Without transformation, knowledge is dead weight, inconsequential tidbits of data that fascinate, and in fascinating, steal the life out of us, bit by bit, until all we see is exactly all there is. A changeless eternity of dispossession. Headless rampant capital, patriarchy and white supremacy.
This ends up feeling pretty dated but is still really interesting. I wonder what Turner would make of the way "liminal"--the term--is thrown around in academic discourse, particularly as he traces play through the liminoid...
liminal liminoid social drama -> stage drama etc. I was introduced to this book by Ricardo Dominguez. Has a lot of intresting ideas about performance. This is one to keep on the shelf as a reference.