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Coca e cocaina
"Woe to you, my Princess...I will kiss you quite red & feed you until you are plump. & if you are froward, you shall see who is stronger, a gentle little girl who doesn't eat enough or a big wild man who has cocaine in his body. In my last severe depression I took coca again & a small dose lifted me to the heights."
This lurid encomium to cocaine wasn't penned by an immature drug addict. It was written by Sigmund Freud, father of psychoanalysis, to his fiancee Martha Bernays. He frequently got kicks from cocaine. But as is clear from his newly compiled Cocaine Papers, his interest in the drug was scientific, not sensual. He sought for a miracle drug to benefit patients & make his reputation. He thought he'd found it in cocaine.
Freud's study of cocaine has been shrouded in myths, half-truths & speculation. Cocaine Papers sets the facts straight. Annotated by his daughter Anna, it presents the complete authoritative versions of his own writings on the drug, including several pieces never before published, along with the work of other early experimenters. He's revealed as not only a driven &, ultimately, tragic seeker for a panacea, but also as one of the pioneers of psychopharmacology, the science of using drugs to treat mental illness.
In 1884, before beginning studies leading to the development of psychoanalysis, Freud was 28, a fledgling physician with a fiancee but without funds to wed. He'd been searching for a way to establish himself & gain the respect of colleagues. A paper by German physician Theodor Aschenbrandt seemed to provide the way. Conquistadores had noted the stimulant effect of coca leaves on Andean Indians. Aschenbrandt tried the drug on Bavarian soldiers & reported that it suppressed their hunger while increasing mental powers & capacity to endure strain.
Aschenbrandt's paper triggered Freud's studies. He obtained samples & tried it. It gave him an emotional lift, producing what he described as "normal euphoria." After that he used cocaine frequently with the same results. He coolly summarized his experiences in his notes: "You perceive an increase of self-control, possess more vitality & capacity for work. This result is enjoyed without any of the unpleasant aftermaths which accompany exhilaration thru alcoholic means."
Freud continued to study cocaine's effects on himself & patients. He found it not only useful in overcoming depression but effective against some purely physiological complaints. He used it to treat stomach disorders & persistent coughing. He didn't administer it indiscriminately. Tho he initially believed it wasn't habit-forming, he found its effects on patients too unpredictable to justify widespread use. Tho he & some American physicians reported initial successes in treating morphine addicts, fellow physician Adolf Albrecht Erlenmeyer warned that cocaine was itself addictive, the "3rd scourge of mankind"—after morphine & alcohol.
Freud realized Erlenmeyer was correct. His friend & patient, Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, became the 1st morphine addict in Europe to be cured by cocaine. He was also one of the 1st to become dependent on it. This development dampened Freud's interest & helped turn his attention to the psychological theories that eventually won him fame.
Freud's studies are considered basic to psychopharmacology. But they didn't lead to the discovery of its most effective clinical use. He abandoned his interest in cocaine just after he suggested that a colleague, Karl "Coca" Roller, experiment with its use in easing the pain of eye surgery. It was Koller & not Freud who invented local anesthesia.--Time (edited)
This lurid encomium to cocaine wasn't penned by an immature drug addict. It was written by Sigmund Freud, father of psychoanalysis, to his fiancee Martha Bernays. He frequently got kicks from cocaine. But as is clear from his newly compiled Cocaine Papers, his interest in the drug was scientific, not sensual. He sought for a miracle drug to benefit patients & make his reputation. He thought he'd found it in cocaine.
Freud's study of cocaine has been shrouded in myths, half-truths & speculation. Cocaine Papers sets the facts straight. Annotated by his daughter Anna, it presents the complete authoritative versions of his own writings on the drug, including several pieces never before published, along with the work of other early experimenters. He's revealed as not only a driven &, ultimately, tragic seeker for a panacea, but also as one of the pioneers of psychopharmacology, the science of using drugs to treat mental illness.
In 1884, before beginning studies leading to the development of psychoanalysis, Freud was 28, a fledgling physician with a fiancee but without funds to wed. He'd been searching for a way to establish himself & gain the respect of colleagues. A paper by German physician Theodor Aschenbrandt seemed to provide the way. Conquistadores had noted the stimulant effect of coca leaves on Andean Indians. Aschenbrandt tried the drug on Bavarian soldiers & reported that it suppressed their hunger while increasing mental powers & capacity to endure strain.
Aschenbrandt's paper triggered Freud's studies. He obtained samples & tried it. It gave him an emotional lift, producing what he described as "normal euphoria." After that he used cocaine frequently with the same results. He coolly summarized his experiences in his notes: "You perceive an increase of self-control, possess more vitality & capacity for work. This result is enjoyed without any of the unpleasant aftermaths which accompany exhilaration thru alcoholic means."
Freud continued to study cocaine's effects on himself & patients. He found it not only useful in overcoming depression but effective against some purely physiological complaints. He used it to treat stomach disorders & persistent coughing. He didn't administer it indiscriminately. Tho he initially believed it wasn't habit-forming, he found its effects on patients too unpredictable to justify widespread use. Tho he & some American physicians reported initial successes in treating morphine addicts, fellow physician Adolf Albrecht Erlenmeyer warned that cocaine was itself addictive, the "3rd scourge of mankind"—after morphine & alcohol.
Freud realized Erlenmeyer was correct. His friend & patient, Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, became the 1st morphine addict in Europe to be cured by cocaine. He was also one of the 1st to become dependent on it. This development dampened Freud's interest & helped turn his attention to the psychological theories that eventually won him fame.
Freud's studies are considered basic to psychopharmacology. But they didn't lead to the discovery of its most effective clinical use. He abandoned his interest in cocaine just after he suggested that a colleague, Karl "Coca" Roller, experiment with its use in easing the pain of eye surgery. It was Koller & not Freud who invented local anesthesia.--Time (edited)
88 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1884
26 people are currently reading
897 people want to read
About the author
Sigmund Freud
4,472 books8,545 followersDr. Sigismund Freud (later changed to Sigmund) was a neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, who created an entirely new approach to the understanding of the human personality. He is regarded as one of the most influential—and controversial—minds of the 20th century.
In 1873, Freud began to study medicine at the University of Vienna. After graduating, he worked at the Vienna General Hospital. He collaborated with Josef Breuer in treating hysteria by the recall of painful experiences under hypnosis. In 1885, Freud went to Paris as a student of the neurologist Jean Charcot. On his return to Vienna the following year, Freud set up in private practice, specialising in nervous and brain disorders. The same year he married Martha Bernays, with whom he had six children.
Freud developed the theory that humans have an unconscious in which sexual and aggressive impulses are in perpetual conflict for supremacy with the defences against them. In 1897, he began an intensive analysis of himself. In 1900, his major work 'The Interpretation of Dreams' was published in which Freud analysed dreams in terms of unconscious desires and experiences.
In 1902, Freud was appointed Professor of Neuropathology at the University of Vienna, a post he held until 1938. Although the medical establishment disagreed with many of his theories, a group of pupils and followers began to gather around Freud. In 1910, the International Psychoanalytic Association was founded with Carl Jung, a close associate of Freud's, as the president. Jung later broke with Freud and developed his own theories.
After World War One, Freud spent less time in clinical observation and concentrated on the application of his theories to history, art, literature and anthropology. In 1923, he published 'The Ego and the Id', which suggested a new structural model of the mind, divided into the 'id, the 'ego' and the 'superego'.
In 1933, the Nazis publicly burnt a number of Freud's books. In 1938, shortly after the Nazis annexed Austria, Freud left Vienna for London with his wife and daughter Anna.
Freud had been diagnosed with cancer of the jaw in 1923, and underwent more than 30 operations. He died of cancer on 23 September 1939.
In 1873, Freud began to study medicine at the University of Vienna. After graduating, he worked at the Vienna General Hospital. He collaborated with Josef Breuer in treating hysteria by the recall of painful experiences under hypnosis. In 1885, Freud went to Paris as a student of the neurologist Jean Charcot. On his return to Vienna the following year, Freud set up in private practice, specialising in nervous and brain disorders. The same year he married Martha Bernays, with whom he had six children.
Freud developed the theory that humans have an unconscious in which sexual and aggressive impulses are in perpetual conflict for supremacy with the defences against them. In 1897, he began an intensive analysis of himself. In 1900, his major work 'The Interpretation of Dreams' was published in which Freud analysed dreams in terms of unconscious desires and experiences.
In 1902, Freud was appointed Professor of Neuropathology at the University of Vienna, a post he held until 1938. Although the medical establishment disagreed with many of his theories, a group of pupils and followers began to gather around Freud. In 1910, the International Psychoanalytic Association was founded with Carl Jung, a close associate of Freud's, as the president. Jung later broke with Freud and developed his own theories.
After World War One, Freud spent less time in clinical observation and concentrated on the application of his theories to history, art, literature and anthropology. In 1923, he published 'The Ego and the Id', which suggested a new structural model of the mind, divided into the 'id, the 'ego' and the 'superego'.
In 1933, the Nazis publicly burnt a number of Freud's books. In 1938, shortly after the Nazis annexed Austria, Freud left Vienna for London with his wife and daughter Anna.
Freud had been diagnosed with cancer of the jaw in 1923, and underwent more than 30 operations. He died of cancer on 23 September 1939.
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Displaying 1 - 21 of 21 reviews
April 4, 2024
Sulla Cocaina, breve saggio di Freud agli inizi della carriera, ma anche sulla storia della cocaina e la sua utilizzazione a fini medici alla fine del 1800. Testo ripetitivo e talvolta barboso ma fondamentale per addentrarsi su alcuni aspetti poco conosciuti e persino nascosti della vita di Freud e dell'origine della psicanalisi. Freud fu un consumatore di cocaina per circa dieci anni ed è stata avanzata l'ipotesi che la psicologia dell'Io altro non sia che il risvolto dei vari stati di coscienza provocati dall'assunzione dello stupefacente...Non meno interessante il fatto che anche Conan Doyle, medico prima che scrittore e vissuto nello stesso periodo, ne fosse dipendente come traspare dai suoi racconti per bocca di Watson sulla sua creatura più famosa, Sherlock Holmes. Sia Conan Doyle che Freud l'assumevano in piccole dosi cronicamente per combattere noia, frustrazione e inquietudine e tenere la mente in un fervido stato di eccitazione "controllata."
March 20, 2011
I'd heard about Freud's cocaine studies but never read about them until coming across this in a used book store. It was the eighties and cocaine was all the rage. I'd tried it, but couldn't see what the fuss was about. If fresh squeezed orange juice was illegal and expensive, I supposed there'd be a craze for that too. Still, it was intriguing that such a luminary as Freud would be implicated in the great evil.
The book is a series of essays by Freud, about Freud and about cocaine. Freud's ultimate conclusions were true. Cocaine can increase alertness and libido, improve reaction time, depress hunger and serve as an anesthetic, but it is also, for some people at least, habit-forming. It is also, of course, along with heroin, a major source of revenue for the CIA, its proxies and agents.
The book is a series of essays by Freud, about Freud and about cocaine. Freud's ultimate conclusions were true. Cocaine can increase alertness and libido, improve reaction time, depress hunger and serve as an anesthetic, but it is also, for some people at least, habit-forming. It is also, of course, along with heroin, a major source of revenue for the CIA, its proxies and agents.
November 20, 2023
Lo he dicho mil veces pero me parece súper interesante este señor, muy iconico por su parte lo de ignorar sus errores y actuar como si nunca lo hubiera dicho.
Enfin el trabajo nos está quedando genial así q valió la pena
Enfin el trabajo nos está quedando genial así q valió la pena
May 17, 2021
Super witzig, dass dieses Buch wirklich existiert.
Wahrscheinlich muss man alles unter Berücksichtigung des damals aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Kenntnisstands lesen. Einer Zeit in der man völlig vorbehaltslos Kokain als Bestandsteil von Cola akzeptierte.
Insgesamt trotzdem wirklich witzig wie blauäugig Freud an den Sachverhalt gegangen ist.
Das Buch endet damit: Freud nimmt an das Menschen, die nicht zuvor schon Morphiumabhängig waren, eigentlich Garnichts Kokainabhängig werden können... LOL
Wahrscheinlich muss man alles unter Berücksichtigung des damals aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Kenntnisstands lesen. Einer Zeit in der man völlig vorbehaltslos Kokain als Bestandsteil von Cola akzeptierte.
Insgesamt trotzdem wirklich witzig wie blauäugig Freud an den Sachverhalt gegangen ist.
Das Buch endet damit: Freud nimmt an das Menschen, die nicht zuvor schon Morphiumabhängig waren, eigentlich Garnichts Kokainabhängig werden können... LOL
February 4, 2023
When the reactions of billions of independent people to events that develop outside of themselves and take place in the space we call the outside world have similarities, Freud's psychoanalysis and personal determinations have acquired the same generality.
In this book, published in the form of aphorisms of Freud's personal analyses, it is also possible to read general-valid determinations on many issues related to man. Some aphorisms can be written on pages full of articles and talked about for hours. I think it's a very special pleasure to read a book of aphorisms with such good definitions.
In terms of presenting the most equipped work in the field of psychopathology and psychotherapy to humanity, Freud contributes to the formation of developing sub-branches of psychology, while already giving hints with aphorisms about the fields of study of these branches, he also becomes a very beautiful book in terms of the fact that he gives clues. If you have missed this special work, I would definitely say go back and read it.
In this book, published in the form of aphorisms of Freud's personal analyses, it is also possible to read general-valid determinations on many issues related to man. Some aphorisms can be written on pages full of articles and talked about for hours. I think it's a very special pleasure to read a book of aphorisms with such good definitions.
In terms of presenting the most equipped work in the field of psychopathology and psychotherapy to humanity, Freud contributes to the formation of developing sub-branches of psychology, while already giving hints with aphorisms about the fields of study of these branches, he also becomes a very beautiful book in terms of the fact that he gives clues. If you have missed this special work, I would definitely say go back and read it.
July 4, 2024
Wow, this is a crazy read. A series of essays from Frued and fellow colleagues on the therapeutic use of cocaine. At the start, it was a journey to figure out an anesthesia for eye surgery. Then, it was used to cure morphine addiction, but obviously, it was later realized that it's not the best solution. It even goes into talking about the influence it had on Sherlock Holmes' stories. It even briefly goes into history of coke peddlers in the 70's very entertaining read. Never knew how coked up Frued was and how it influenced a lot of his work and this kind of acts as a lead up to the interpretation of dreams which I plan on reading soon.
August 23, 2014
Cocaine Papers is a collection of ‘papers’ featuring Sigmund Freud’s writing and thoughts on the subject, personal and professional, as well as other writings that mention him in conjunction with cocaine; and finally the Editor’s summation of the professional medical and law enforcement positions’ w/r/t cocaine, up to publication, 1974. (Which, btw, hasn’t changed much in the last 40 years.) The only thing that now is different is the introduction of a new way to take the drug, smoking it, aka Crack Cocaine.
The book is a great introduction into the mind and thinking of Sigmund Freud, ‘The Father of Psychoanalysis’; as well as the history of cocaine and its usage. My only problem with the book is in its redundancy. The stories and accounts are often repeated, albeit sometimes, not always, from different perspectives.
Briefly: Freud was looking to make a name for himself and achieve fame and fortune so as to be able to marry his “beloved treasure,” Martha Bernays, and thought he had come upon the means for that with the then legal drug cocaine. He used himself as subject to study its effects, and wrote and had published, an 8,000 word paper, “ÜBER COCA,” in July of 1884, consisting of the history of the plant/drug, its effects, and his conclusions. He became the leading medical authority on the drug. He was 28. Three years later he wrote another paper defending his position, “CRAVING FOR AND FEAR OF COCAINE,” as the drug, and he himself, had come under attack.
Included in this work are Freud’s ‘Cocaine Dreams,’ which show just how brilliant was his analytical mind. As with his early position on the causes of “Hysteria” (sexual abuse as cause); he was mostly right w/r/t cocaine, but abandoned his position b/c of peer pressure. This, and Freud’s, are fascinating stories.
The Editor inserts a chapter on Sherlock Holmes, the fictional British consulting detective, written by Dr. David Musto in 1968. Holmes was also a user of cocaine. Here’s where things get even more intriguing. Musto posits that Holmes sought treatment from Freud and together they discovered psychoanalysis – being that they both used the same manner of analyzing data to reconstruct the how and why of human behavior, i.e. ‘drawing large conclusions from the smallest of observations,’ a characteristic of some other great minds as well. I’m thinking of Leo Tolstoy and David Foster Wallace. What these great thinkers had in common was an uncommon power of observation, which they then used to form conclusions about human behavior in general, and the literary and language skills to write about what they saw and surmised. Also, they all liked to get high (= alter their state of consciousness.)
The Editor, an Associate Professor of Pharmacology in Psychiatry, and Burroughs Wellcome Scholar in Clinical Pharmacology, at the Yale University School of Medicine, was of this opinion at the time of publication: “We know today that neither cocaine nor any other chemical, in itself, produces addiction. It is a psychological phenomenon.” (pg. 347) That opinion is no longer in vogue. Addiction is purported to be a biological brain disease, not a “psychological phenomenon.”
David Wallace was of a similar view as Freud in that he believed there were individual differences w/r/t the effects of chemical drugs on humans: “Drug addicts tend to fall into different classes: those who like downs and Mr. Hope [marijuana] rarely enjoy stimulants, while coke- and ‘drine-fiends as a rule abhor marijuana. This is an area of potentially fruitful study in addictionology. Note that pretty much every class of addicts drinks, though.” (endnote 286, pg. 1053, Infinite Jest.) Which all goes to the point of the Editor in his final chapter: PROPOSALS FOR THE EVALUATION OF COCAINE; which is a plea by the National Institute on Drug Abuse for scientific studies w/r/t to the drug and its effects on humans (1974). None of the issues have been as yet (2014) resolved. It appears – Freud was right.
Now, here in Colorado, the use and sale of marijuana has been made legal. But still, no one knows anything about its effects on humans … and so but growers and ‘budmisters’ purport that different strains (varieties of the weed) have different healing properties and psychological effects. I have in my ‘medicine cabinet’ twenty-six different strains, all said to have different properties due to cross breeding, or the fiddling with the care and feeding of the plant. My contention is that to scientifically study the claims and/or effects is impossible. Again from Wallace: “I know guys quit heroin, coke. How? They make the strategic move to a case a day of Coors. Or to methadone, whatever. I know hard-drinking guys Inc that got off booze by switching to the Bob Hope. Me myself, you’ve seen, I switch all the time. The trick is the right switch for a man’s wiring.” (en. 321, pg. 1065. Infinite Jest.) Freud thought that cocaine was a cure for morphine and alcohol addiction. One hundred thirty years after Freud’s study and paper – and still, no one knows.
Should you read this book? Maybe, depends, you know, on individual differences – personality quirks.
August 23, 2014
The book is a great introduction into the mind and thinking of Sigmund Freud, ‘The Father of Psychoanalysis’; as well as the history of cocaine and its usage. My only problem with the book is in its redundancy. The stories and accounts are often repeated, albeit sometimes, not always, from different perspectives.
Briefly: Freud was looking to make a name for himself and achieve fame and fortune so as to be able to marry his “beloved treasure,” Martha Bernays, and thought he had come upon the means for that with the then legal drug cocaine. He used himself as subject to study its effects, and wrote and had published, an 8,000 word paper, “ÜBER COCA,” in July of 1884, consisting of the history of the plant/drug, its effects, and his conclusions. He became the leading medical authority on the drug. He was 28. Three years later he wrote another paper defending his position, “CRAVING FOR AND FEAR OF COCAINE,” as the drug, and he himself, had come under attack.
Included in this work are Freud’s ‘Cocaine Dreams,’ which show just how brilliant was his analytical mind. As with his early position on the causes of “Hysteria” (sexual abuse as cause); he was mostly right w/r/t cocaine, but abandoned his position b/c of peer pressure. This, and Freud’s, are fascinating stories.
The Editor inserts a chapter on Sherlock Holmes, the fictional British consulting detective, written by Dr. David Musto in 1968. Holmes was also a user of cocaine. Here’s where things get even more intriguing. Musto posits that Holmes sought treatment from Freud and together they discovered psychoanalysis – being that they both used the same manner of analyzing data to reconstruct the how and why of human behavior, i.e. ‘drawing large conclusions from the smallest of observations,’ a characteristic of some other great minds as well. I’m thinking of Leo Tolstoy and David Foster Wallace. What these great thinkers had in common was an uncommon power of observation, which they then used to form conclusions about human behavior in general, and the literary and language skills to write about what they saw and surmised. Also, they all liked to get high (= alter their state of consciousness.)
The Editor, an Associate Professor of Pharmacology in Psychiatry, and Burroughs Wellcome Scholar in Clinical Pharmacology, at the Yale University School of Medicine, was of this opinion at the time of publication: “We know today that neither cocaine nor any other chemical, in itself, produces addiction. It is a psychological phenomenon.” (pg. 347) That opinion is no longer in vogue. Addiction is purported to be a biological brain disease, not a “psychological phenomenon.”
David Wallace was of a similar view as Freud in that he believed there were individual differences w/r/t the effects of chemical drugs on humans: “Drug addicts tend to fall into different classes: those who like downs and Mr. Hope [marijuana] rarely enjoy stimulants, while coke- and ‘drine-fiends as a rule abhor marijuana. This is an area of potentially fruitful study in addictionology. Note that pretty much every class of addicts drinks, though.” (endnote 286, pg. 1053, Infinite Jest.) Which all goes to the point of the Editor in his final chapter: PROPOSALS FOR THE EVALUATION OF COCAINE; which is a plea by the National Institute on Drug Abuse for scientific studies w/r/t to the drug and its effects on humans (1974). None of the issues have been as yet (2014) resolved. It appears – Freud was right.
Now, here in Colorado, the use and sale of marijuana has been made legal. But still, no one knows anything about its effects on humans … and so but growers and ‘budmisters’ purport that different strains (varieties of the weed) have different healing properties and psychological effects. I have in my ‘medicine cabinet’ twenty-six different strains, all said to have different properties due to cross breeding, or the fiddling with the care and feeding of the plant. My contention is that to scientifically study the claims and/or effects is impossible. Again from Wallace: “I know guys quit heroin, coke. How? They make the strategic move to a case a day of Coors. Or to methadone, whatever. I know hard-drinking guys Inc that got off booze by switching to the Bob Hope. Me myself, you’ve seen, I switch all the time. The trick is the right switch for a man’s wiring.” (en. 321, pg. 1065. Infinite Jest.) Freud thought that cocaine was a cure for morphine and alcohol addiction. One hundred thirty years after Freud’s study and paper – and still, no one knows.
Should you read this book? Maybe, depends, you know, on individual differences – personality quirks.
August 23, 2014
April 22, 2011
Фрейда почитать, так кокаин панацея от всех болезней. И Стоматит лечит, и астму с туберкулезом, болезни желудочно-кишечного тракта, помогает избавиться от алкогольной и морфино зависимостей.
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November 5, 2016"A little more cocaine."
December 27, 2022
This is an interesting look into the Sigmund Freud and his research and feelings regarding cocaine. It also gives a look into the early applications of cocaine in medicine and the later discovery of the negative effects of cocaine use.
January 27, 2019
Interessante vedere l'approccio dei medici di più di 200 anni fa ad una sostanza attualmente riconosciuta come droga che in passato era stata considerata come una papabile farmaco
September 12, 2021
Interesting book for those curious about the topic
January 29, 2026
Das Kokain hat in Freud auf jeden Fall einen großen Freund und Verfechter gefunden.
November 27, 2016
Interesting facts of cocaine and studies at the end of 19th century. Hence, there are some positives and downfalls of coca.
The book also includes some letters to Martha and private Sigmund's thought shares.
"My impression has been that the use of cocaine over a long time can bring about lasting improvement..." the thought from the book cover and it intrigues you to leaf the book through.
The book also includes some letters to Martha and private Sigmund's thought shares.
"My impression has been that the use of cocaine over a long time can bring about lasting improvement..." the thought from the book cover and it intrigues you to leaf the book through.
February 16, 2012
it's good as a historical document.
October 30, 2014
kısıtlı bir kaynakça. harfler kocaman kocaman ama freud'un nasıl da yanlış yargılama yaptığını göstermesi açısından 2. yıldızı takmaya hak kazanıyor...
September 23, 2015
outdated. containing private letters to his girlfriend, quite dull.
Want to read
April 15, 2013Well. This book exists.
Read
January 14, 2019I read this to get a better understanding of my own experience on stimulants and what psychoanalysis could say about it and how it shaped Freud's work and even our own subjectivity.
Displaying 1 - 21 of 21 reviews