I have read this particular Penguin edition collecting three shorter pieces of fiction by Georges Bataille before, some years ago, in a state of woeful dissipation, utterly in the mire of active addiction, and can recall the experience only vaguely. My copy of the actual book itself has some character to it, having survived a fire about five years ago that burned down much of the building in which I was then living; the fire department dumped a huge amount of water on my condo unit and some of my books received damage on that account, causing them to become mottled and ragged, a condition I believe very much suits this particular Bataille. Aside from the novella “My Mother” and the two shorter works, “Madame Edwarda” and “The Dead Man,” this edition contains an introductory appreciation by Yukio Mishima, written very near the end of the Japanese master’s life, and a scholarly afterward by Ken Hollings that deals with Bataille’s thematic universe broadly, not once touching explicitly on the three works collected in the volume the piece concludes. Mishima asserts that along with Witold Gombrowicz and Pierre Klossowski, the latter a contemporary of Bataille’s and his collaborator on the journal ACÉPHALE, ol’ G.B. was among his favourite contemporary Western writers, demonstrative as were the other two previously-mentioned men of “an anti-psychological delineation, anti-realism, erotic intellectualism, straightforward symbolism, and a perception of the universe hidden behind all of these, as well as many other common characteristics.” Readers of Mishima will not be the least surprised at his celebration of this particular set of values. Ken Hollings goes deeper into the matters at hand, focusing, in his piece titled “In the Slaughterhouse of Love,” on themes of darkness, nudity, penetration, sacrifice, and violence. This evaluation refers both to Bataille’s theoretical works and his fiction but, again, does not address the three pieces collected in this volume. It is nevertheless of great value. Hollings, early in his piece: “The sexual act poses a threat to our being because it places no limit on experience. During the act, the body no longer has limit or definition: it is dissolved into a storm of sensations which are violently superimposed and fluctuating. The effect that this has upon our consciousness can only be expressed negatively: in terms of exclusion and absence. The contemplation of the sexual act begins and ends in darkness and silence because it is contained by a law of exclusion which operates at the extreme limits of language and lucidity.” Much of Bataille’s theoretical work deals with eroticism and other matters (mysticism, sacrifice, political economy) within the context of excess (the “accursed share” etc.), and his fiction has a general tendency to depict an erotic interiority characterized by the tempestuous play of destabilizing intensities. In his own preface to “Madame Edwarda,” the piece proper originally published under the Kierkegaardian pseudonym Pierre Angélique, Bataille writes of “a certain lacerating consciousness of distress” and an “unbearable surpassing of being.” This is indeed at the heart of Bataille’s fiction, a body of work that may be the best we have on the diabolic power of excitation. Certainly when I was young I was very much taken with STORY OF THE EYE, but I judged BLUE OF NOON the superior and more meaningful book, indeed perhaps the most personally meaningful book I read in my early twenties, precisely because of the way BLUE OF NOON so profoundly captured my own torments at that time, my oft-wracked cognitive operations and my highly-excited condition of dread. Yes, indeed, “a certain lacerating consciousness of distress.” Then there are these ideas of limit and “unbearable surpassing,” the precise way in which mysticism and debauchery become coupled, not so much a matter of transgressing, but of first systematically destroying standard measures of valuation (in eminently Nietzschean fashion) and ultimately superseding rather than subverting. This visionary overcoming brings with it overwhelming pleasure and blinding divine horror, annihilating ecstasy. All three pieces in this collection testify to this vision. “My Mother” is the lengthiest piece by some measure and in other regards also probably the most substantial. I have read it before and have seen the film adaptation by Christophe Honoré. It is no doubt in large part on account of my recall of both experiences being meagre at best that I found returning to “My Mother” so revelatory. Those with a cursory knowledge of Bataille’s backstory will immediately grasp the autobiographical thread running through the piece. It is narrated by Pierre, a man of about Bataille’s age. Pierre is reflecting upon a time about fifty years in his past, beginning in about 1906, when a number of decisive events occurred, all of them to one extent or another orbiting around his deeply perverse relationship with his mother Hélène. Like Bataille, young Pierre has in his youth rebelled against his anti-clerical father, a man he despised, by becoming a devout Catholic and even considering a career in the church, a rebellion against which he will in turn rebel. Pierre is also extremely close to his mother, a woman he revers beyond measure, and their intimacy will perilously intensify in the wake of the father’s death. All of this hews extremely close to Bataille’s own biography. “My Mother” goes on to detail the ways in which Pierre is initiated into debauchery and decadence by Hélène, how this is informed by death, present always in the putrescence and filth behind the veil of flesh, and the inevitability of a particular death. I am not in a position to speak about the particulars of Bataille’s actual relationship with his mother, except to say that he appears to have been devoted to her and somewhat troubled in that devotion. What we can say for certain is that “My Mother” is clearly interest in surpassing a limit, in a truth beyond facts. “Up till then [the alcoholic father’s death] I had never noticed that she drank. I was soon to realize that she drank every day, in the same way. But that rippling laughter, that indecent exuberance; she was not always like that. Rather, she would be sad, appealingly mild; she would seal herself up; she had a deep melancholy I blamed on my father’s wickedness, and that melancholy was what decided my lifelong dedication.” The melancholy takes the form of piety, devotion to God and idealized mother, the “indecent exuberance” represents the introduction of a “lacerating consciousness of distress” that will transform Pierre. His mother, intoxicated, tells him: “The gutter, the dungheap, that’s where your mother feels at home. You shall never know what horrors I am capable of. I’d like you to know, though. I like my filth.” The pleasures of the flesh, dung, decay, filth, dissolution. Hélène drunken self-pity and attenuated efforts to warn her son of the perdition that lies before him if he remains at her side are a remainder, the pathetic sputtering of the social animal, the pathologized woman for whom deep down only total abandon is adequate ethic. Pierre muses: “Inherent in motherhood, I told myself, is the doing of that which in children causes these terrible convulsions.” The mother’s sin which “must eventually lay her low as it was laying me low, but which, I later understood, by torturing us, provided it tortured us, was to prepare us for the one happiness which is not meaningless, since we becomes its prey when in the grip of misfortune.” Hélène writes of “the mind’s pleasure, fowler than the body’s,” and how in giving herself over to debauchery, she experiences a growing lucidity and, paradoxically, “the steady breakdown of my nerves is nothing else in me than a havoc whose source is my innermost thinking.” Hélène associates her true self, the self subject to abandon and wild tempests, with the woods. Nature is a dance of decay and new life, God and the blinding sun, debauchery is sacramental, the woods have been passed on in the blood and through a kiss. “My Mother” goes on to detail an uncanny play of proxies, as Hélène conscripts young women, her own lovers, to minister sexually to Pierre, first Rhea and then Hansi. Hansi and Pierre, along with Hansi’s submissive maid, will enter into a dalliance that utterly saps them of energy, drains them by way of a tumultuous bliss. Hansi cajoles Pierre: “Tell me that you are suffering and that you are on fire. I want to come alive through my suffering—and to feed on yours.” Infernal bliss. Before her tragic end, hinted at earlier in the text but not returned to as the piece reaches its termination, Hélène will address a letter to Pierre in which she attempts to express a motivating principle: “I would like us to go out of our minds together. I would like to drag you with me as I die. A brief instant of the madness I shall give you is better, is it not, than freezing in a universe of stupidity? I want to die, I have burned my boats. Your corruption was my handiwork: I gave you what was purest and most intense in me, the desire to love that which tears the clothes off my body, and that alone.” In his afterword, Ken Hollings writes of what it means in Bataille to be stripped bare: “Nudity is not a finite or absolute state: to be stripped naked is an experience which perpetually exceeds itself. The tearing away of clothing which exposes the flesh becomes a tearing away at the flesh itself.” A cosmic ravishment, chaosmatic, a surrender to the divine surge. God does not disappear from Bataille, it is rather a matter of God being transformed into an immaterial agency of pleasure and horror. “My Mother” is full of phrases such as “vortex of joy,” “this delight that distress created,” and “annihilated by delight.” These are pure expressions of that which constitutes Bataille’s subject. “Madame Edwarda” and “The Dead Man” are much shorter pieces, highly concentrated depictions of truncated sprees, erotomaniacal delirium. In “Madame Edwarda” the narrator pursues the eponymous prostitute (who declares herself GOD), has a dalliance with her, is beaten and crazily excoriated by her, and finally watches her fuck the driver in the back seat of his cab, all three parties achieving a sufficient level of excitation such that they lose consciousness. “The Dead Man” was written in the middle of the Second World War, probably near Normandy, when Bataille was suffering from tuberculosis, but was not to see publication until after his death. Again, it depicts a frenzied spree, but in a hyper-fragmented mode and with an uncommon level of general ghastliness, involving a golden shower, feces, vomit, and a dwarf who happens to be a fantastically disreputable count. It is a piece in which an act of copulation is described as “hand to hand combat, unbelievably bitter,” and which depicts a demoniacal abandon in the wake of a death, or rather the demoniacal abandon of Marie in the wake of the death of the mysterious Edouard, an abandon that terminates in her own death (and subsequently that of the dwarf count). It ends with a counterpoint positioning obscene and absurd transience in relation to impassive permanence. Though he does not write specifically about “The Dead Man,” in his afterward Ken Hollings does write of anthropologist-theorist Bataille’s discovery of “several oceanic cultures where a whole community would react to the death of their chief by entering into a prolonged period of frenzy. They gave themselves over to murder, looting, arson, and sexual excess, continuing to do so until the decaying flesh had fallen away from the dead chief’s bones. At this point normal patterns of behaviour reasserted themselves.” Death is the decaying flesh we already are and the imminent absence that will absorb both the object of our ardor and ourselves. This is certainly the core of Freud’s concept of the death drive, and in Bataille it is the fundamental impetus behind frenzy, abandon, dissipation, absorption. How Bataille’s writing speaks to me has changed over time. I was myself once a wild and frenzied individual. My youth was a spree. I had many lovers, I raced after intensities, I drank and did drugs with hapless abandon, I was always racing the beyond, I stripped myself of identity and communed with the annihilating sun as a matter of routine. I will this year turn forty, am many years into active recovery from addiction, and live something like a monastic life. I don’t take lovers, which is not to say I have ruled out doing so as such. My relationship with sex involves a relationship with my own codependency, a tendency which causes me often to lose myself when gaining another, a tendency with serious real world mental health implications (time-tested). I know I will not pick up a drink or take a mood-altering drug. But I know what sex can still do to me, its invitation to biorhythmic enmeshment and a kind of disappearance. We have turned sex in large part into a commodified arena of exchange, in doing so finding ourselves threatened with losing sight of its power. A truly intense sexual liaison might not be that far off from electric shock therapy, and there can be no guarantee that the person who emerges from that intense and destabilizing entanglement will be in any meaningful way the same person who entered it. In “Madame Edwarda” there is a moment when the narrator writes of how “the pungent odor of her flesh and mine commingled flung us both into the same heart’s utter exhaustion.” The same heart. A heart that now incorporates two people. Then later, as Madame Edwarda, organ of God, fucks the cabdriver: “little by little that embrace strained to the final pitch of excess at which the heart fails.” The heart fails. The shared heart fails. The French sometimes call the moments after orgasm a petite mort. We might call Bataille the great writer of petite mort if only the word petite did not seem so ill-suited to such pleasure and horror, such fracture and ecstasy and damage. Absolutely, yes, “annihilated by delight.” Nothing less. Them's the stakes.