Used this wonderful collection in freshman English for years. It starts from when kids memorized verse to entertain family gatherings. The editor’s dad had memorized “The Shooting of Dan McGrew”; he was not “Introduced” to poetry in college collections, often so dull, focusing on the poet’s own private life. This Treasury holds some period songs that included period American slang, including, surprisingly, in “Oh! Susanna” the N-word— but there it seems to be in the voice of an African-American, so like the Rappers’ privileged use. Here’s “Dixie,” which was so good it was sung by both sides in an early battle near D.C. (Manassas?) where people went in carriages to witness the battle, including Julia Ward Howe, who was asked by an accompanying Boston minister (maybe the eventual colonel, TW Higginson?, who led the first Black Regiment from N.C.). Howe wrote, to the tune of the Union troop favorite, “John Brown’s Body…” “Mine Eyes have seen the Glory”/ “The Battle Hymn of the Republic,” which became the mother of all protest songs until “How Many Roads” (by my fellow U Minnesota attendee Bob Zimmerman).
“Oh! Susanna” is a great farewell to love, “Don’t you cry for me,” comparable to Suckling’s “One fond kiss, and then we sever,” or Drayton’s “Come let us kiss and part.” The song includes great contradictions, “It rained all day the night I left/ The weather it was dry…” I never knew it also included the objectionable word; maybe editor Phillips prints an early version, and I learned to sing a later one.
I was astonished at the poetic features "the simple" RW Service shares, for instance, with Yeats, like medial caesura rhyming--rhymes that also characterize Welsh verse, like Dylan Thomas's. Welsh cynghanedd or "chiming" often includes internal assonance and rhyme. Here, in McGrew:
"There was none could PLACE the stranger's FACE..."
"From a fireside FAR from the cares that ARE.."
"In a buckskin SHIRT that was glazed with DIRT..."
But even the anonymous Marines Hymn, "From the halls of Montezuma..." includes such medial rhyme, "In many a STRIFE we've fought for LIFE " (last stanza).
In Massachusetts, my colleague of decades, Rhoda Wheeler (Sheehan) grew up next door to Lizzie Borden, was one of the kids who said (and composed) "Lizzie Borden took an axe.." Also, I have taught in Melville's sister's house in New Bedford (Melville's poem on the Civil War battle, "Shiloh," is here). I studied at the college founded by the father of the greatest of all poets, Dickinson, but in the coastal part of Mass, I live near the writers of two famous national hymns: 1) Howe’s “Battle Hymn,” with its wonderful last stanza, “In the beauty of the lilies Christ was born across the sea,” which has appeal even for non-Christians; and 2) Katherine Lee Bates’s “America” composed about Pikes Peak, “purple mountain majesties” when she taught at Colorado College (where my daughter now works) after teaching at Wellesley (where my other daughter graduated). I have visited her house an hour away in Falmouth several times, though it is not open for tour. Bates even anticipated our non-reading, impulsive president, “America! America!/ God mend thine every flaw,/ Confirm the soul in self-control,/ Thy liberty in law!”(267) Her medial rhyme, soul and control, reminds me of Dan McGrew, with its internal rhyming which the Welsh call cynghanedd. Poe’s "Raven" also has it, with "dreary, weary…napping, tapping…" "December, ember" etc. (Poe’s a great short-story writer, and a mediocre poet made world-famous by his brilliant French translator Baudelaire.)
Tennyson's "Charge of the Light Brigade," on one of the ten greatest military blunders, the best British cavalry sent directly at the cannon, "half a league onward," 40% casulties, 110 of em death, and 375 horses to boot. "Into the Valley of Death/ Rode the six hundred." And one of the great military victories, the farmers at Concord Bridge, "the nineteenth of April in seventy-five, / Hardly a man is now alive/ who remembers" when Emerson wrote the poem for the memorial monument (1830's),"By the rude bridge that arched the flood,/ Their flag to April's wind unfurl'd,/Here the embattled frmer stood/ And fired the shot heard 'round the world." What flag? Years before Betsy Ross nd otehrs' stars and stripes. Possibly the Bedford Flag brought by the Minuteman from Bedford. Possibly a Libety flag.
Among many great poems there's one witnessing the ignorance and incapacity of Whitman, “When I heard the famous astronomer” he walked out. Contrast E Dickinson, whose poems benefitted by the learning, the public lectures at Amherst College, especially by geologist and college president Hitchcock. Many Dickinson poems include geology references and metaphors. Whitman would have benefitted by hearing even my own talk at Harvard Center for Astrophysics. (link on my habitableworlds.com)
“My heart leaps up when I behold/ a rainbow in the sky,” Wordsworth's great, brief poem I used in Freshman Intro to lit classes for forty years, asking my students, “Do you take a course that teaches “The Child is father of the Man,” that adults develop from childhood traumas?” A few would answer, Yes. I, “Which one?” They, “Psychology 101.” I, “Exactly, Wordsworth discovered what Freud would develop 70 years later.