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Protagoras

«A competição do diálogo chega assim ao fim e até parece ter sido bem sucedida: Protágoras "conseguiu convencer" Sócrates de que pode ensinar a aretê, Sócrates "levou" Protágoras "a admitir" que se age bem por sabedoria. Contudo, esta aparente conciliação levanta um novo e redobrado problema. As objecções de cada um em relação à tese contrária acabam por entrar em conflito com as suas próprias teses. Por um lado, Protágoras, que diz ser capaz de ensinar a aretê, mostra-se reticente em identificá-la ao conhecimento — afinal, a única coisa passível de ser ensinada; por outro lado, Sócrates, que duvida da viabilidade do seu ensino, insiste em manter que se trata de conhecimento. Diante desta confusão de conclusões, é o próprio Sócrates que sugere que se retome o assunto desde o início, primeiro para procurar saber o que é a aretê, e, segundo, como se adquire.» - da Introdução.

59 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 391

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About the author

Plato

5,778 books9,121 followers
Plato (Greek: Πλάτων), born Aristocles (c. 427 – 348 BC), was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms. He raised problems for what became all the major areas of both theoretical philosophy and practical philosophy, and was the founder of the Platonic Academy, a philosophical school in Athens where Plato taught the doctrines that would later become known as Platonism.
Plato's most famous contribution is the theory of forms (or ideas), which has been interpreted as advancing a solution to what is now known as the problem of universals. He was decisively influenced by the pre-Socratic thinkers Pythagoras, Heraclitus, and Parmenides, although much of what is known about them is derived from Plato himself.
Along with his teacher Socrates, and Aristotle, his student, Plato is a central figure in the history of philosophy. Plato's entire body of work is believed to have survived intact for over 2,400 years—unlike that of nearly all of his contemporaries. Although their popularity has fluctuated, they have consistently been read and studied through the ages. Through Neoplatonism, he also greatly influenced both Christian and Islamic philosophy. In modern times, Alfred North Whitehead famously said: "the safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato."

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935 reviews32 followers
July 29, 2025
Segurament el millor del jove Plató junt amb l'Apologia, tot i que aquesta és molt més patètica en un sentit dramàtic, teatral. Aquí, Sòcrates s'enfronta a Protàgores, reputat sofista, amb la intenció de demostrar que no sols pretenen ensenyar oratòria sinó també educar en la virtut; virtut que, per contra, no saben definir. Perquè el teló de fons és saber si actuar virtuosament, que s'ha de comprendre no sols a títol individual sinó plataforma per a la millor pólis possible, és o no ensenyable: és a dir, si una pot educar o no en la justícia i la moral com a dimensions principals del bon ciutadà. I després de derrotar a Protàgores, Sòcrates afirmarà que així és: que la virtut és una ciència, la ciència del bé, que s'obté a partir d'una multiplicitat de sabers –per tant, contrària a la ignorància– combinats amb una ciència mètrica que hauran de dur als ciutadans a prendre sempre les decisions millors per a ells i per a la pólis.
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