2001 was a horrible year for Nepal. It was the year of 3 Kings. Unlike the German Empire in 1888; it was a bloody affair. Their beloved Kings*, Queen and 7 other family members had been wiped out from a shooting rampage occurred during a monthly family dinner gathering.
* Crown Prince Dipendra was declared King by the privy council after the death of his father, King Birendra. He reigned in a coma for 3 days before succumbed to his injuries.
This book; Love and Death In Kathmandu by Amy Willesee and Mark Whittaker, offering deeper glimpses of what transpired during the night of royal massacre. It traced movements of Crown Prince Dipendra during his last days on earth and; unfolded events leading up to that fateful Friday evening of June 1st. It also depicted the aftermath of tragedy from several perspectives.
This massacre made various international news headlines. It was the first time; a tragedy of this magnitude happened to a royal family in the 21st century. The last time, a group of army officers mounted a coup d'etat and assassinated the Iraqi Royal Family in 1958.
This book is quite well-crafted. It is a good choice as a starter, if you are interested in this topic. It introduced readers to local context.
The royal massacre was predated by several omens and signs from the universe.
1). The Bhimeshwore idol in Dolakha temple sweated. For all 8 times it sweated before, catastrophes happened in Nepal. Including earthquake in 1934 that killed 8519 people.
2). Mysterious rain occurred during a clear night at the ancestral palace of Gorkar Durbar. Local construed it as a signal directly to the king. Gorkar Durbar is the birth place of Prithwi Narayan Shah, the 1st King of united Nepal from the Shah dynasty.
3) Strange circles of pimples appeared on the cheek of the child Goddess Kumari shortly before the tragedy. As an afterthought, some believed it actually signaled kind of injuries to the Queen. Her Majesty suffered the most horrific injuries in that part. Her head and face was covered with an open eyed china doll mask during the funeral.
Metaphysics might not be for everyone; but it's good to glimpse what it had to say. Especially, comments about the presence of "raj bhanga yoga" in CP Dipendra's birth chart. There's a people saying that components in his birth chart made his parent distant from him.
Authors weaved some religious theme into their presentation. Readers could get a sense of idea, on what roles Goddess Kumari, Goddess Kali, God Hanuman, and the holy man Goraknath had, with the destiny of the Royal Family.
- During the last year of the life of King Tribhuvan, the child Goddess Kumari refused to give him tikka and wept. She gave it to Crown Prince Mahendra instead. His Majesty passed away 6 months later.
- For the last 16 years of Her Majesty's life, she performed a specific 5 days fasting ritual annually to ensure that she would never become a widow.
- A priest performed katto ceremony for the soul of King Dipendra told author that the reign of King Gyanendra will be troubled since the government didn't fulfilled their promise to compensate him enough. According to him, the spirit of the late King will be angered with it.
Authors also explained just enough history behind the intertwined Shah Dynasty and Rana. Of how Rana family occupied the prominent position of being hereditary Prime Minister at the 1st place. Ruler powers had been vested to Rana's premier in perpetuity.
* Rana actually descended from Bal Narsingh Kunwar, a bodyguard of the 3rd King of Nepal, Rana Bahadur Shah,
Rana's dynasty had been elevated to become the Maharajah to the small states of Lamjung and Kaski. They became royal themselves, quite on par with Shah Dynasty. Though the Shah's King had the distinction of Maharajadhiraja. (Emperor/Supreme King).
For more than a century, Kings of Nepal had to endure the state of being inside a gilded cage. His Majesty couldn't venture outside of the palace or received visitors. Unless with permission. Virtually a prisoner but in name. Until during 1950s, when Mohan Shamsher Rana handed back power to King Tribhuvan and Rana's hereditary premiership abolished forever.
The Shah-Rana family chart was provided on the front section; but it was difficult to comprehend. They had intermarried so many times since 1857. So, as the topic flow by, I took notes and drew my own tree, bit by bit as it came up in the book.
I had to mention; comprehending the history of Rana's dynasty is very important. In order to understand rivals existed between different Rana's branches. With it, readers will get the historical reason behind Queen's refusal to accept CP Dipendra's bride of choice, Devyani Rana. This refusal was stated as the "main reason" why CP Dipendra allegedly committed regicide.
Doubled up as a travelogue, authors brought us to Nepal in midst of various strikes and riots, taken place in less than a year after the tragedy. They even been in close promixity when an explosion occurred on their way to buy fruits. They had to stockpile their food rations in view of uncertainty. Authors described their journey to Gorkha Durbar amidst tighten security. There's a trip to Shiva Ratri festival held in the Pashupatinath temple. Its one of the Hindu holy site in the country. Its ghat was where all the royal victims cremated 9 months earlier. Not in depth depiction though. Since the main focus is to unveil the massacre; and those places related to the subject.
Nevertheless, authors made it up with enough political, social and cultural backdrop. They interviewed wide assortment of people from various backgrounds. Ranging from former Maoist leaders; a police officer who fought a continuous 9 hours battle with Maoist; an army officer. There's an interview with the journalist Padam Thakurathi who was critical to the royalty, especially to Queen Aishwarya and the former Prince Dhirendra*. Authors even managed to talk to Pashupati Shamsher Rana**. He was a member of the last cabinet under the Panchayat system. The cabinet recommended to King Birendra for the system abolishment and for Nepal to become a constitutional monarchy. He survived 8 attempts on his life before the interview.
* Youngest brother of King Birendra. Lost his royal title after divorcing his wife to marry an English woman.
** Father of Devyani Rana, CP Dipendra's love interest.
On the social and cultural front, authors explored the attitudes of Nepalese toward certain things. For example, regarding marriage. To be single at the age of 30 in 2001 as CP Dipendra was, will be regarded with suspicion and stigma. Its a society whose marriage taken place much earlier.
There's juicy stories, opinions, hearsays, rumours and gossips from the Kathmandu society and the royal inner circle as well. Flavourful.
Inevitably, author's came to CP Dipendra's part. They described his upbringing, relationship with his parents, his characteristics. Most importantly, his love life.
Reading this made me realized reasons he was very popular among ordinary public. He earned that respect. He has affinity with the public; with distaste for overt formality or protocol. He mixed easily with them. That's why people refused to believe he was the culprit and disputed the official findings. Even after Nepal had become a republic, this case still gauged lots of interest by locals.
He envisioned the constitutional monarchy with less power but with more influence. He no longer saw any point of being Autocrat because he knew the palace official was not very honest, according to this book.
I gathered certain biasness toward Devyani Rana from authors and those inner circle. Well, I don't the same sentiment. I have compassion for her. She's a victim as well.
As I stated earlier, authors reconstructed detailed movements inside the billiard room during the massacre. It based from those survivors. Authors also gathered opinions from them and relatives of those deceased, for reflection about why it happened.
Since the tragedy, I had read various articles about it. There's a lot of theories and books coming up about it. One of the most popular was, the man doing the shooting was a Dipendra's lookalike/double body/man in a realistic Dipendra's mask.
While mentally replayed moments depicted during the massacre in this book, I realized this double body theory has a possibility. It didn't contradicted with survivors' statement except the identity of man behind that military fatigue. He didn't speak at all. He wore gloves.
It's interesting that this book noted that some of the street lights on the palace compound was not working that night. It was noticed by King Birendra at 8.25 pm. Less than an hour before the tragedy.
Nevertheless, this book and all those theories agreed about this point. The movement and behaviour of security personnel especially ADCs during the shooting were questionable.
Now, my complaint about this book. As much as it was well written, authors didn't give much room for readers to make their own conclusions. It's akin to, "This is our presentation, we give you facts, how and why. Accept it".
They should trust the intelligence of their readers to draw own's conclusions.
Afterall, there's no forencis testing to trace bullet residue from the military fatigue last worn by CP Dipendra. That's very important to establish how many shots were actually fired by him. Probably just one (To himself). Probably none. Probably so many. That's crucial because it will establish beyond doubt he did it or did not. If he did, it will bury the theory of double body/ lookalike forever. It should be noted there's no autopsy, blood test or toxicology performed.
What I wish is, with the absence of scientific evidence on the government side and, unless authors could unearthed a new one; they should presented their writing in more neutral way.