Carter is an Episcopalian, who once clerked for Thurgood Marshall. He is also a law professor at Yale. He writes like an attorney. Some of his sentences seem to be several pages long (not really, just seems like it). There were times when I wished he had provided an English translation from his legalize. He specializes in church/state issues.
The basic idea of the book is though the government should not be involved in religion, religious people have a constitutional right and a moral obligation to be involved in the political process—doesn’t matter whether you a fundamentalist evangelical Christian or a Liberal Christian or a member of any other faith. He would say that the First Amendment and the issue of separation of church and state refer to protecting religion from the state, not the state from religion.
The issue of separating church and state is not so simple. There are laws prohibiting landlords from discriminating against people because of their religious beliefs or marital status. Does that mean a landlord would have to rent to someone who was a Satanist and plans to practice his “religion” on the property? Does that mean a landlord must rent to an unmarried couple even though the landlord believes having sex before marriage is a sin? (I always wondered how they would know they were having sex. That is a big assumption).
Does a church have a right to only hire people who share their religious beliefs? Would it matter, if the job was youth counselor versus plumber?
During the days of the draft, we gave an exemption to those whose religious beliefs prohibit them from serving in war. That has not always been the case. Do we then allow pharmacists, who have a religious objection to providing birth control or “morning after pills”, an exemption from selling those products?
Should the government give money to religious schools or hospitals? And if they do, can they mandate that the school or hospital do something against their religious principles (i.e. perform abortions)?
There was an Irish group in New York, who has their annual parade on public streets. A gay group asked to participate. The Irish group said “no”. Do they have a right to exclude a group, if they are using public property? What if the gay group wanted to exclude a group like NAMBLA (North America Man Boy Love Association) from their parade?
The Amish do not want their children to attend school beyond the 8th grade. Do we give them an exemption from laws indicating children should attend school through grade 12?
What about those parents who do not like part of a sex education curriculum? Do they have the right to exempt their children? What about those parents who object to evolution being taught in the schools?
Where does individual rights start and stop versus the rights of others to be true to their religious beliefs? Not an easy answer.
The courts have ruled on some of these issues and some they have not. It is important to truly understand what the courts have said on any particular topic. The U S Supreme Court said a teacher or a student in a public school couldn’t lead students in prayer. The Court did not say children couldn’t pray, in fact they said just the opposite. They can pray, read the Bible, have after school religious clubs. Though conservatives say that God has been banished from the classroom, which is a “metaphysical impossibility”. Organized classroom prayer is not allowed because a public school authority figure can not tell children whether to believe in God or how to worship God.
He speaks about vouchers for public schools for those parents, who object to what public schools teach their children. I have always been against vouchers. Giving money to a religious school gets tricky. We would give it to a Catholic school, but would we give it to a Satanist school? How is providing a voucher for parents to use to take their children elsewhere different from those who feel they are not getting enough police protection. Should they get a voucher to get their own police service? Then there is also the argument private schools can cream off the top students and leave children with challenges. We would have to pay public schools teachers more money, because they would have the more difficult children. Private schools can mandate parental involvement, public schools can not. We all know more parental involvement the better the child does.
Those of us, who are supportive of the gay community, want schools to teach children to accept gay people as equals in society. Yet, what do we do with those parents, because of their religious belief, who want their children taught otherwise?
He speaks of those people within his own denomination, who do not believe women should be ordained as priests. Their argument is that Jesus picked only men as his disciples. By that logic then only circumcised men could become priests. He says the bottom line on this issue has little do to with women’s rights as much as it should be what is the will of God. I would say that the will of God is to treat both genders equally. The Episcopal Church may now split because of the issue of ordaining gay people not only as priests but also as bishops. Who knows the sexual orientation of Jesus’ disciples?
The author quotes a Jewish scholar “the trouble with America is not that it is a Christian nation, but that too often it is not”. The message of Jesus was one of love and inclusion not one of hatred and exclusion. The author quotes another Jewish person, “I am deeply offended by Christians, who profess ‘love’ of the Jewish people while trying to wipe them off the face of the earth by conversion or other methods”. The same could be said about gay people.
Interesting book. These are all interesting questions. Trying to decide which group will have their rights protected is not always easy.