In an interview, Stephens claims that “I knew that what was standing in [the novel’s] way of getting published was the hive-mind mentality of editors who want to chase, but not challenge, the latest trends.” In the case of this novel, the problem is more likely to be that it’s not well written.
The primary theme seems to be that adoptees have the right to control their own narratives, rather than the narratives placed upon them by adoptive parents, agencies, and the outside world. This would certainly make for a challenging, interesting story. Unfortunately, in this novel, the themes were all muddled. We move from an exploration of young adoptees seeking - or not seeking - their birth mothers, to a bizarre farce in which the protagonist discovers her real parentage - which seems to be a straight-up princess fantasy of discovering that your parents are actually rich and powerful people who are coming to rescue you. At one point, Lisa ponders her future: “You will be a part of world history. You will help affect the course of the human race.” This seems a perfectly normal feeling for an adoptee to have at some point in their life, and both Lisa and Mindy seek out “famous adopted people” for role models and as ways to rewrite the narrative, but this attitude, like most of the novel’s themes, is never really dealt with or explored, or brought to any conclusion.
The prose style is difficult to wade through - overwhelming numbers of unnecessary adjectives and adverbs, and overwriting that needed a firm editorial hand to pare back. “The fragile rims of our shallow cups kissed lightly before meeting with our pursed lips” is a typical example.
A protagonist doesn’t need to be “likeable” - there are plenty of horrible, flawed narrators who intrigue us (Tom Ripley, for instance) - but Lisa is drawn as an unpleasant person without any redeeming features, and the author makes little attempt to provide her with nuances or complexities. A woman who teaches in Japan and sleeps with one of her underage students could be both reprehensible and fascinating, and a skilled writer would make us feel something for this character, even if that’s revulsion; Stephens, however, just tosses that plot point in at the start of the novel, apparently to ensure that Lisa is forced to stay in South Korea and can’t simply run back to her life in Japan; the explanation doesn’t come in until more than 80% of the way into the novel, and doesn't provide much in the way of character development when it does. Another amateurish character point - Lisa is told there are no seats on any flight from Seoul to Washington DC or New York for four days. That part’s a deliberate lie by another character, but Lisa - who has lived in the USA, China, and Japan, and visited her father multiple times in various locations in Africa, and would therefore understand how international air travel works - falls for it without any comment other than “that’s crazy”. She’s not an autonomous character; the author just pushes her around the chessboard to get her to the required destination.
I wasn’t expecting blatant racism in a book focusing on issues surrounding cross-cultural adoption, but the three people in the office in chapter 3 are insultingly depicted. “As featureless and identical as button mushrooms, with the exact same blunt bowl haircut” - please, just say “all those Asians look alike” and spare us the fungi simile. One of the “mushrooms” is only discovered to be a woman by virtue of - I cannot believe I am copying these words - “small mounds under her shirt.” What was the point of this? Again, if this had somehow illuminated Lisa’s character, her attitude towards her Korean heritage perhaps, or even the enforced homogeneity of a culture she finds foreign even though she’s genetically part of it, it would have contributed to the novel as a whole, but no, it’s just tossed in. (The phrase “blunt bowl haircut” is used later to describe a different character - this is lazy writing, but at least there are no further comparisons of people to mushrooms.)
At one point, Mindy urges Lisa to write a novel not about a white child who’s an orphan, but about a young female Asian adoptee. It seems as though that’s the novel the author intended to write. Hopefully, the next one will be better.