Garrett explains how the Treaty of Versailles has led to great instability in the world market in 1932, and perhaps the current economic downturn might become even worse because of it. World War I had left the European nations in great debt, while the U.S. was flush with cash. During the war and afterwards England and France, and later Germany borrowed heavily from America. To pay the massive reparations from the Treaty of Versailles Germany borrowed money from the American government. It used this money to pay England and France. England and France in turn sent that money back to America to pay their war debt. In effect, America was financing the world. This was fine as long as America was willing to give the others credit.
Soon the American government decided that Europe was no longer a good investment and stopped lending them money. The Europeans bypassed the government and borrowed money from Wall Street and millions of small investors who were taken in by the high interest offered. That was fine until a panic caused the Stock Market Crash of 1929 then all the credit dried up, which led us to the unfortunate position we find ourselves in here in 1932.
The saying goes, "If you owe the bank one million dollars, you have a problem. If you owe the bank one billion dollars, the bank has problem." America has a problem. England and France were whining about forgiveness of their war debt starting as soon as the war ended. Worse was Germany. They indicated that if reparations continued soon their government would collapse and be replaced either by communism of a nationalist dictatorship. Whether or not that is true remains to be seen. Perhaps the newly elected government under the National Socialist German Workers Party will be capable of bringing the economic situation under control.